المنثورات : الأحاديث التي لا تتقيَّد بباب خاص . والملح : جمع مُلحة : ما يُستملح ويُستعذب من الأحاديث . [1808] عن النواس بن سمعان قال : ذَكَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ الدَّجَّالَ ذَاتَ غَدَاةٍ ، فَخَفَّضَ فِيهِ وَرَفَّعَ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّاهُ في طَائِفَةِ النَّخْلِ . فَلَمَّا رُحْنَا إلَيْهِ ، عَرَفَ ذلِكَ فِينَا ، فَقالَ : « مَا شَأنُكُمْ ؟ » قُلْنَا : يا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، ذَكَرْتَ الدَّجَّالَ الغَدَاةَ ، فَخَفَّضْتَ فِيهِ وَرَفَّعْتَ ، حَتَّى ظَنَنَّاهُ فِي طَائِفَةِ النَّخْلِ ، فقالَ : « غَيْرُ الدَّجَّالِ أَخْوَفنِي عَلَيْكُمْ ، إنْ يَخْرُجْ وَأنَا فِيكُمْ ، فَأنَا حَجِيجُهُ دُونَكُمْ ؛ وَإنْ يَخْرُجْ وَلَسْتُ فِيكُمْ ، فَامْرُؤٌ حَجيجُ نَفْسِهِ ، واللهُ خَلِيفَتي عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ . إنَّهُ شَابٌّ قَطَطٌ عَيْنُهُ طَافِيَةٌ ، كَأنّي أُشَبِّهُهُ بعَبْدِ العُزَّى بنِ قَطَنٍ ، فَمَنْ أدْرَكَهُ مِنْكُمْ ، فَلْيَقْرَأ عَلَيْهِ فَواتِحَ سُورَةِ الكَهْفِ ؛ إنَّهُ خَارِجٌ خَلَّةً بَيْنَ الشَّامِ وَالعِرَاقِ ، فَعَاثَ يَمِيناً وَعَاثَ شِمالاً ، يَا عِبَادَ اللهِ فَاثْبُتُوا » قُلْنَا : يَا رسُولَ اللهِ ، وَمَا لُبْثُهُ في الأرْضِ ؟ قال : « أرْبَعُونَ يَوماً : يَوْمٌ كَسَنَةٍ ، وَيَوْمٌ كَشَهْرٍ ، وَيَوْمٌ كَجُمْعَةٍ ، وَسَائِرُ أيَّامِهِ كَأَيَّامِكُمْ » قُلْنَا : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، فَذلكَ اليَوْمُ الَّذِي كَسَنَةٍ أتَكْفِينَا فِيهِ صَلاَةُ يَوْمٍ ؟ قَال : « لا ، اقْدُرُوا لَهُ قَدْرَهُ » .قُلْنَا : يا رسولَ اللهِ ، وَمَا إسْراعُهُ في الأرْضِ ؟قال : « كَالغَيْثِ اسْتَدْبَرَتْهُ الرِّيحُ ، فَيَأتِي عَلَى القَوْمِ ، فَيدْعُوهُم فَيُؤمِنُونَ بِهِ وَيَسْتَجِيبُونَ لَهُ ، فَيَأمُرُ السَّمَاءَ فَتُمْطِرُ ، وَالأرْضَ فَتُنْبِتُ ، فَتَرُوحُ عَلَيْهِمْ سَارِحَتُهُمْ أطْوَلَ مَا كَانَتْ ذُرىً وَأسْبَغَهُ ضُرُوعاً ، وأمَدَّهُ خَوَاصِرَ ، ثُمَّ يَأتِي القَوْمَ فَيَدْعُوهُمْ ، فَيَرُدُّونَ عَلَيْهِ قَولَهُ ، فَيَنْصَرفُ عَنْهُمْ ، فَيُصْبِحُونَ مُمْحِلِينَ لَيْسَ بِأيْدِيهِمْ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أمْوَالِهِمْ ، وَيَمُرُّ بِالخَرِبَةِ فَيَقُولُ لَهَا : أخْرِجِي كُنُوزَكِ ، فَتَتْبَعُهُ كُنُوزُهَا كَيَعَاسِيبِ النَّحْلِ ، ثُمَّ يَدْعُو رَجُلاً مُمْتَلِئاً شَبَاباً فَيَضْرِبُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ ، فَيَقْطَعُهُ جِزْلَتَيْنِ رَمْيَةَ الغَرَضِ ، ثُمَّ يَدْعُوهُ ، فَيُقْبِلُ ، وَيَتَهَلَّلُ وَجْهُهُ يَضْحَكُ ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ كَذلِكَ إذْ بَعَثَ اللهُ تَعَالَى المَسيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ فَيَنْزِلُ عِنْدَ المَنَارَةِ البَيْضَاءِ شَرْقِيَّ دِمَشقَ بَيْنَ مَهْرُودَتَيْنِ ، وَاضِعاً كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى أَجْنِحَةِ مَلَكَيْنِ ، إذا طَأطَأَ رَأسَهُ قَطَرَ ، وَإِذَا رَفَعَهُ تَحَدَّرَ مِنهُ جُمَانٌ كَاللُّؤْلُؤ ، فَلا يَحِلُّ لِكَافِرٍ يَجِدُ رِيحَ نَفَسِهِ إلا مَاتَ ، وَنَفَسُهُ يَنْتَهِي إلى حَيثُ يَنْتَهِي طَرْفُهُ ، فَيَطْلُبُهُ حَتَّى يُدْرِكَهُ بِبَابِ لُدٍّ فَيَقْتُلُهُ ، ثُمَّ يَأتِي عِيسَى قَوماً قَدْ عَصَمَهُمُ اللهُ مِنهُ ، فَيَمْسَحُ عَنْ وُجُوهِهِمْ وَيُحَدِّثُهُمْ بِدَرَجَاتِهِمْ فِي الجَنَّةِ ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ كَذلِكَ إذْ أوْحَى اللهُ تَعَالَى إلى عِيسَى : أنِّي قَدْ أخْرَجْتُ عِبَاداً لي لا يَدَانِ لأَحَدٍ بِقِتَالِهِمْ ، فَحَرِّزْ عِبَادِي إلى الطُّورِ . وَيَبْعَثُ اللهُ يَأجُوجَ وَمَأجُوجَ وَهُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنْسِلُونَ ، فَيَمُرُّ أوائِلُهُمْ عَلَى بُحيرَةِ طَبَريَّةَ فَيَشْرَبُونَ مَا فِيهَا ، وَيَمُرُّ آخِرُهُمْ فَيَقُولُونَ : لَقَدْ كَانَ بهذِهِ مَرَّةً ماءٌ ، وَيُحْصَرُ نَبيُّ اللهِ عِيسَى وأصْحَابُهُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ رَأْسُ الثَّوْرِ لأَحَدِهِمْ خَيْراً مِنْ مِئَةِ دينَارٍ لأَحَدِكُمُ اليَوْمَ ، فَيَرْغَبُ نَبِيُّ اللهِ عِيسَى وأصْحَابُهُ إلى اللهِ تَعَالَى ، فَيُرْسِلُ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِمُ النَّغَفَ في رِقَابِهِمْ ، فَيُصْبِحُونَ فَرْسَى كَمَوْتِ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ ، ثُمَّ يَهْبِطُ نَبِيُّ اللهِ عِيسَى وأصْحَابُهُ إلى الأرْضِ ، فَلا يَجِدُونَ في الأرْضِ مَوْضِعَ شِبْرٍ إلا مَلأَهُ زَهَمُهُمْ وَنَتَنُهُمْ ، فَيَرْغَبُ نَبِيُّ اللهِ عِيسَى وَأصْحَابُهُ إلى اللهِ تَعَالَى ، فَيُرْسِلُ اللهُ تَعَالَى طَيْراً كَأَعْنَاقِ البُخْتِ ، فَتَحْمِلُهُمْ ، فَتَطْرَحُهُمْ حَيثُ شَاءَ اللهُ ، ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ اللهُ مَطَراً لا يُكِنُّ مِنهُ بَيْتُ مَدَرٍ وَلا وَبَرٍ ، فَيَغْسِلُ الأرْضَ حَتَّى يَتْرُكَهَا كَالزَّلَقَةِ ، ثُمَّ يُقَالُ للأرْضِ : أنْبِتي ثَمَرتكِ ، وَرُدِّي بَرَكَتَكِ ، فَيَوْمَئِذٍ تَأكُلُ العِصَابَةُ مِنَ الرُّمَّانَةِ ، وَيَسْتَظِلُّونَ بِقَحْفِهَا ، وَيُبَارَكُ فِي الرِّسْلِ حَتَّى أنَّ اللّقْحَةَ مِنَ الإِبِلِ لَتَكْفِي الفِئَامَ مِنَ النَّاسِ ؛ وَاللِّقْحَةَ مِنَ البَقَرِ لَتَكْفِي القَبِيلَةَ مِنَ النَّاسِ ، وَاللِّقْحَةَ مِنَ الغَنَمِ لَتَكْفِي الفَخِذَ مِنَ النَّاسِ ؛ فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إذْ بَعَثَ اللهُ تَعَالَى ريحاً طَيِّبَةً فَتَأخُذُهُمْ تَحْتَ آبَاطِهِمْ فَتَقْبِضُ رُوحَ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ وَكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ ؛ وَيَبْقَى شِرَارُ النَّاسِ يَتَهَارَجُونَ فِيها تَهَارُجَ الحُمُرِ ، فَعَلَيْهِمْ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ » . رواه مسلم . قولهُ : « خَلَّةً بَينَ الشَّامِ والعِراَقِ » : أي طَرِيقاً بَيْنَهُمَا . وقولُهُ :« عَاثَ» بالعين المهملة والثاء المثلثة ، وَالعَيْثُ : أَشَدُّ الفَسَاد . « وَالذُّرَى » : بضم الذال المعجمة وهو أعالي الأسْنِمَةِ وهوَ جَمعُ ذِروةٍ بضمِ الذالِ وكَسْرها « وَاليَعَاسِيبُ » : ذُكُورُ النَّحْلِ . « وَجِزْلَتَيْنِ »: أيْ قِطْعَتَيْنِ ، « وَالغَرَضُ » : الهَدَفُ الَّذي يُرْمَى إلَيْهِ بالنَّشَّابِ ، أيْ : يَرْمِيهِ رَمْيَةً كَرَمْيَةِ النَّشَّابِ إلى الهَدَفِ . « وَالمَهْرُودَةُ » بالدال المهملة والمعجمة ، وهي : الثَّوْبُ المَصْبُوغُ . قَولُهُ : « لا يَدَانِ » : أيْ لا طَاقَةَ . « وَالنَّغَفُ » : دُودٌ . « وَفَرْسَى » : جَمْعُ فَرِيسٍ ، وَهُوَ القَتِيلُ . وَ« الزَّلَقَةُ » : بفتح الزاي واللام وبالقاف ، وَرُوي : الزُّلْفَةُ بضم الزاي وإسكان اللام وبالفاء وهي المِرْآةُ . « وَالعِصَابَةُ » : الجَمَاعَةُ . « وَالرِّسْلُ » بكسرِ الراء : اللَّبَنُ . « وَاللِّقْحَةُ »: اللَّبُونُ . « وَالفِئَامُ » بكسر الفاء وبعدها همزة ممدودة : الجماعةُ . « وَالفَخِذُ » مِنَ النَّاسِ : دُونَ القَبِيلَة . قوله : « غير الدجال أخوفني عليكم » . قال النووي : كذا في جميع نسخ بلادنا بالنون ، وكذا نقله عياض رواية الأكثرين . قال : ورواه بعضهم بحذفها ، وهما لغتان صحيحتان ، معناهما واحد . ومعنى الحديث : أخوف مخوفاتي عليكم . قوله : « ويبعث الله يأجوج ومأجوج » . هما أمتان عظيمتان يخرجون حين يفتح الله سدهم ، ويجعله دكًا .

1808. An-Nawwas bin Sam'an (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: One morning the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) made a mention of Dajjal, and he described him to be insignificant and at the same time described him so significant that we thought he was on the date-palm trees (i.e., nearby). When we went to him (the Prophet (PBUH)) in the evening, he perceived the sign of fear on our faces. He said, "What is the matter with you?" We said: "O Messenger of Allah, you talked about Dajjal this morning raising your voice and lowering it until we thought he was hiding in the palm-trees grove: He said: "Something other than Dajjal make worry about you. If he appears while I am with you, I will defend you against him. But if he appears after I die, then everyone of you is his own defender. Allah is the One Who remains after me to guide every Muslim. Dajjal will be a young man with very curly hair with one eye protruding (with which he cannot see). I compare (his appearance) to that of Al-'Uzza bin Qatan. He who amongst you survives to see him, should recite over him the opening Ayat of Surat Al-Kahf (i.e., Surat 18: Verses 1-8). He will appear on the way between Syria and Iraq and will spread mischief right and left. O slaves of Allah! Remain adhered to the truth." We asked: "O Messenger of Allah! How long will he stay on the earth?" He said, "For forty days. One day will be like a year, one day like a month, one day like a week and the rest of the days will be like your days." We said: "O Messenger of Allah! Will one day's Salat (prayer) suffice for the Salat of that day which will be equal to one year?" Thereupon he said, "No, but you must make an estimate of time and then offer Salat." We said: "O Messenger of Allah! How quickly will he walk upon the earth?" Thereupon he said, "Like cloud driven by the wind (i.e., very quickly). He will come to the people and call them to his obedience and they will affirm their faith in him and respond to him. He will then give command to the sky and it will send its rain upon the earth and he will then send his command to the earth and it will grow vegetation. Then in the evening their pasturing animals will come to them with their humps very high and their udders full of milk and their flanks stretched. He will then come to another people and invite them, but they will reject him and he will leave them, in barren lands and without any goods and chattels! He would then walk through the waste land and say to it: 'Bring forth your treasures', and the treasures will come out and follow him like swarms of bees. He will then call a person brimming with youth and strike him with the sword and cut him into two pieces and make these pieces lie at a distance, which is generally between the archer and his target. He will then call that young man and he will come forward, laughing, with his face gleaming out of joy; and it will be at this very time that Allah will send 'Isa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary) who will descend at the white minaret in the eastern side of Damascus, wearing two garments lightly dyed and placing his hands on the wings of two angels. When he will lower his head, there would fall drops of water from his head, and when he will raise it up, drops like pearls would scatter from it. Every disbeliever who will find his (i.e., 'Isa's) smell will die and his smell will reach as far as he will be able to see. He will then search for Dajjal until he will catch hold of him at the gate of Ludd (village near Jerusalem), and will kill him. Then the people, whom Allah will have protected, will come to 'Isa son of Maryam, and he will wipe their faces and will inform them of their ranks in Jannah, and it will be under such conditions that Allah will reveal to 'Isa these words: 'I have brought forth from amongst my slaves such people against whom none will be able to fight, so take these people safely to the mountain.' And then Allah will send Ya'juj and Ma'juj (Gog and Magog people) and they will sworn down from every slope. The first of them will pass the Lake Tabariyah (near the Dead Sea in Palestine) and drink all its water. And when the last of them will pass, he will say: 'There was once water there.' Prophet 'Isa (PBUH) and his companions will then be so much hard-pressed that the head of an ox will be dearer to them than one hundred dinar, and 'Isa along with his companions, will make supplication to Allah, Who will send insects which will attack their (Ya'juj and Ma'juj people) neck until they all will perish like a single person. Prophet, '

[1809] وعن رِبعِيِّ بنِ حِرَاشٍ ، قال : انطلقت مع أبي مسعود الأنصاري إلى حُذَيفَةَ بن اليمان ، فقال له أبو مسعود : حَدِّثْنِي ما سَمِعْتَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ في الدَّجَّالِ ، قال : « إنَّ الدَّجَّالَ يَخْرُجُ ، وإنَّ مَعَهُ مَاءً وَنَاراً ، فَأَمَّا الَّذِي يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ مَاءً فَنَارٌ تُحْرِقُ ، وأمَّا الَّذِي يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ نَاراً فَمَاءٌ بَارِدٌ عَذْبٌ . فَمَنْ أدْرَكَهُ مِنْكُمْ ، فَلْيَقَعْ فِي الَّذي يَراهُ نَاراً ، فَإنَّهُ مَاءٌ عَذْبٌ طَيِّبٌ » . فقال أبو مسعود : وَأنَا قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ . متفق عليه . قال النووي : قال العلماء : هذا من جملة فتنه التي امتحن الله بها عباده ، يحق الحق ، ويبطل الباطل ، ثم يفضحه بعدُ ، ويظهر عجزه .

1809. Rib'i bin Hirash (May Allah be pleased with him) said: I accompanied Abu Mas'ud Al-Ansari to Hudaifah bin Al-Yaman (May Allah be pleased with them). Abu Mas'ud said to him: "Tell us what you heard from the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) about Dajjal (the Antichrist)." Hudaifah said: He (PBUH) said, "Dajjal will appear, and with him will be water and fire. That which people consider to be water will in fact be a burning fire, and that which people will consider to be fire will in fact be cool and sweet water. He who from amongst you happens to face him, should jump into that which he sees as fire for that will be nice and sweet water." Abu Mas'ud said: "I have also heard this from the Messenger of Allah (PBUH)."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

[1810] وعن عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنهما قال : قال رسولُ الله : « يَخْرُجُ الدَّجَّالُ في أُمَّتِي فَيَمْكُثُ أرْبَعِينَ ، لا أدْرِي أرْبَعِينَ يَوماً أو أرْبَعِينَ شَهْراً ، أو أرْبَعِينَ عَاماً ، فَيَبْعَثُ اللهُ تَعالَى عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ فَيَطْلُبُهُ فَيُهْلِكُهُ ، ثُمَّ يَمْكُثُ النَّاسُ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ لَيسَ بَينَ اثْنَينِ عَدَاوةٌ ، ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ اللهُ ، ريحاً بَارِدَةً مِنْ قِبَلِ الشَّامِ ، فَلا يَبْقَى عَلَى وَجْهِ الأَرْضِ أَحَدٌ فِي قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ ذَرَّةٍ مِنْ خَيرٍ أو إيمَانٍ إلا قَبَضَتْهُ ، حَتَّى لو أنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ دَخَلَ فِي كَبِدِ جَبَلٍ ، لَدَخَلَتْهُ عَلَيهِ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَهُ ، فَيَبْقَى شِرَارُ النَّاسِ في خِفَّةِ الطَّيْرِ ، وأحْلامِ السِّبَاعِ ، لا يَعْرِفُونَ مَعْرُوفاً ، ولا يُنْكِرُونَ مُنْكَراً ، فَيَتَمَثَّلُ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ ، فيَقُولُ : ألا تَسْتَجِيبُونَ ؟ فَيَقُولُونَ : فَمَا تأمُرُنَا ؟ فَيَأمُرُهُمْ بِعِبَادَةِ الأوْثَانِ ، وَهُمْ في ذلِكَ دَارٌّ رِزْقُهُمْ ، حَسَنٌ عَيشُهُمْ ، ثُمَّ يُنْفَخُ في الصُّورِ ، فَلا يَسْمَعُهُ أحَدٌ إلا أصْغَى لِيتاً وَرَفَعَ لِيتاً ، وَأوَّلُ مَنْ يَسْمَعُهُ رَجُلٌ يَلُوطُ حَوْضَ إبِلِهِ فَيُصْعَقُ ويُصْعَقُ النَّاسُ حولهُ ، ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ اللهُ - أو قال : يُنْزِلُ اللهُ - مَطَراً كَأَنَّهُ الطَّلُّ أو الظِّلُّ ، فَتَنْبُتُ مِنهُ أجْسَادُ النَّاسِ ، ثُمَّ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ أُخْرَى فَإِذَا هُمْ قِيَامٌ يَنْظُرُونَ ، ثُمَّ يُقالُ : يا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ هَلُمَّ إلَى رَبِّكُمْ ، وَقِفُوهُمْ إنَّهُمْ مَسْئُولُونَ ، ثُمَّ يُقَالُ : أخْرِجُوا بَعْثَ النَّارِ فَيُقَالُ : مِنْ كَمْ ؟ فَيُقَالُ : مِنْ كُلِّ ألْفٍ تِسْعَمِئَةٍ وَتِسْعَةً وتِسْعِينَ ؛ فَذَلِكَ يَومٌ يَجْعَلُ الوِلْدَانَ شِيباً ، وَذَلِكَ يَومَ يُكْشَفُ عَنْ سَاقٍ ». رواه مسلم . « اللِّيتُ » : صَفْحَةُ العُنُقِ . وَمَعْنَاهُ يَضَعُ صَفْحَةَ عُنُقِهِ وَيَرْفَعُ صَفْحَتَهُ الأُخْرَى . قوله : لا أدري أربعين يومًا ، أو أربعين شهرًا ، أو أربعين سنة » . قال الحافظ : والجزم بأنها أربعون يومًا مقدَّم على هذا الترديد .

1810. 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Dajjal (the Antichrist) will appear in my Ummah and he will stay in the world for forty. I do not know whether this will be forty days or forty months or forty years. Allah will then send (Prophet) 'Isa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary). 'Isa will pursue him and slaughter him. Then people will survive for seven years (i.e., after the demise of 'Isa) in the state that there will be no rancour between two persons. Then Allah will send a cool breeze from the side of Ash-Sham. None will remain upon the face of the earth having the smallest particle of good or Faith in him but he will die, so much so that even if someone amongst you will enter the innermost part of a mountain, this breeze will reach that place also and will cause him to die. Only the wicked people will survive and they will be as fast as birds (i.e., to commit evil) and as ferocious towards one another as wild beasts. They will never appreciate the good, nor condemn evil. Then Shaitan (Satan) will come to them in the garb of a man and will say: 'Will you not obey me?' They will say: 'What do you order us to do?' He will command them to worship idols. They will have abundance of sustenance and will lead comfortable lives. Then the Trumpet will be blown. Every one hearing it, will turn his neck towards it and will raise it. The first one to hear that Trumpet will be a man who will be busy repairing the basin for his camels. He will become unconscious. Allah will send, or will cause to send, rain which will be like dew and there will grow out of it (like wild growth) the bodies of the people. Then the second Trumpet will be blown and they will stand up and begin to look around. Then it will be said: 'O people! Go to your Rubb.' Then there will be a command: 'Make them stand there.' After it they will be called to account. Then it will be said: 'Separate from them the share of the Fire.' It will be asked: 'How much?' It will be said: 'Nine hundred and ninety-nine out of every thousand.' That will be the Day which will make children hoary-headed men because of its terror and that will be the Day when the Shin will be uncovered."

[Muslim].

Commentary: The question arises as to what is the meaning of the phrase - the Shin will be uncovered - at this place? Some people say that it refers to the calamities and troubles of the Day of Judgement. But according to a reliable narration, it refers to an act of Allah of uncovering His Shin in a way which befits His Majesty. As believers, we must confirm Allah's all Qualities which He has stated in the Qur'an or mentioned through His Messenger (PBUH) without changing them or ignoring them completely or twisting their meanings or giving resemblance to any of the created things. What is meant by the uncovering of the Shin of Allah is something we can neither understand nor describe. We can only believe in it without understanding the real explanation of it, in the same way we believe in the Eye or Ear of Allah. We should believe in all these things as mentioned in the Qur'an and Hadith without trying to go into the explanation. This is the view of Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah to which we should stick. (See Tafsir Ahsan-ul-Bayan)

Then all the Muslims will prostrate before Him. However, those people who used to pray and prostrate before Him in their worldly lives only for showing off or for gaining good reputation, will not be able to prostrate before Him on this occasion. Their spines will become stiff like a wooden board and it would become impossible for them to bend. (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Tafsir Surat An-Nur and Al-Qalam).

[1811] وعن أنس قال : قالَ رسول الله : « لَيسَ مِنْ بَلَدٍ إلا سَيَطَؤُهُ الدَّجَّالُ إلا مَكَّةَ وَالمَدِينَةَ ؛ وَلَيْسَ نَقْبٌ مِنْ أنْقَابِهِمَا إلا عَلَيْهِ المَلاَئِكَةُ صَافِّينَ تَحْرُسُهُمَا ، فَيَنْزِلُ بالسَّبَخَةِ ، فَتَرْجُفُ المَدِينَةُ ثَلاَثَ رَجَفَاتٍ ، يُخْرِجُ اللهُ مِنْهَا كُلَّ كافِرٍ وَمُنَافِقٍ » . رواه مسلم . قال الحافظ : يجمع بينه وبين حديث : « لا يدخل المدينة رعب المسيح الدجال » . بأن الرعب المنفي : الخوف والفزع ، حتى لا يحصل لأحد فيها بسبب الإِرفاق ، وهو إشاعة مجيئه ، وأنه لا طاقة لأحد به ، فيسارع حينئذٍ إليه من يتصف بالنفاق أو الفسق ، فظهر حينئذٍ تمام أنها تنفي خبئها .

1811. Anas bin Malik (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "There will be no land which will not be trampled by Dajjal (the Antichrist) but Makkah and Al-Madinah; and there will be no passage leading to them which will not be guarded by the angels, arranged in rows. Dajjal will appear in a barren place adjacent to Al-Madinah and the city will be shaken three times. Allah will expel from it every disbeliever and hypocrite."

[Muslim].

[1812] وعنه أنَّ رسُولَ الله قال : « يَتْبَعُ الدَّجَّالَ مِنْ يَهُودِ أَصْبَهَانَ سَبْعُونَ ألْفاً عَلَيْهِم الطَّيَالِسَةُ » . رواه مسلم . الطيالسة : جمع طيلسان ، وهو الثوب الذي له علم ، وقد يكون كساء .

1812. Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Dajjal (the Antichrist) will be followed by seventy thousand Jews of Isfahan and will be dressed in robes of green coloured satin."

[Muslim].

Commentary: Isfahan is a city in Persia (Iran). Tailasan green sheet (is the dress of the Sheikhs of the non-Arab nations).

[1813] وعن أم شريكٍ رضي الله عنها : أنها سَمِعَتِ النبي يقولُ : « لينْفِرَنَّ النَّاسُ مِنَ الدَّجَّالِ فِي الجِبَالِ » . رواه مسلم .

1813. Umm Sharik (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: I heard the Prophet (PBUH) saying, "People will run away from Dajjal (the Antichrist) seeking shelter in the mountains."

[Muslim].

[1814] وعن عمران بن حُصينٍ رضي الله عنهما قال : سمعتُ رسولَ اللهِ يقولُ : « مَا بَيْنَ خَلْقِ آدَمَ إلى قِيَامِ السَّاعَةِ أَمْرٌ أكْبَرُ مِنَ الدَّجَّالِ » . رواه مسلم . وذلك أنه لا ينجو من فتنته إلا النذر اليسير . قال الحافظ : وأخرج أبو نعيم في ترجمة حسان بن عطية من ( الحلية ) بسند صحيح إليه ، قال : ( لا ينجو من فتنة الدجال إلا اثنى عشر ألف رجل ، وسبعة آلاف امرأة ) . وهذا لا يقال من قبل الرأي ، فيحتمل أن يكون مرفوعًا أرسله ، ويحتمل أن يكون أخذه من بعض أهل الكتاب .

1814. 'Imran bin Hussain (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) saying, "Between time of the creation of Adam and the Resurrection Day, there is nothing greater than the mischief of Dajjal (the Antichrist)."

[Muslim].

[1815] وعن أبي سعيدٍ الخدري عن النبيّ قال : « يَخْرُجُ الدَّجَّالُ فَيَتَوجَّهُ قِبَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ المُؤمِنِينَ فَيَتَلَقَّاهُ المَسَالِحُ : مَسَالِحُ الدَّجَّال . فَيقُولُونَ لَهُ : إلى أيْنَ تَعْمِدُ فَيَقُولُ : أعْمِدُ إلى هذَا الَّذِي خَرَجَ . فَيَقُولُونَ لَهُ : أوَمَا تُؤْمِنُ بِرَبِّنَا ؟ فَيقُولُ : مَا بِرَبِّنَا خَفَاءٌ ! فَيَقُولُونَ : اقْتُلُوهُ . فَيقُولُ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ : ألَيْسَ قَدْ نَهَاكُمْ رَبُّكُمْ أنْ تَقْتُلُوا أحَداً دُونَهُ ، فَيَنْطَلِقُونَ بِهِ إلى الدَّجَّالِ ، فَإذَا رَآهُ المُؤْمِنُ قالَ : يا أيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، إنَّ هذَا الدَّجَّال الَّذي ذَكَرَ رَسُولُ الله ؛ فَيَأمُرُ الدَّجَّالُ بِهِ فَيُشَبَّحُ ؛ فَيَقُولُ : خُذُوهُ وَشُجُّوهُ . فَيُوسَعُ ظَهْرُهُ وَبَطْنُهُ ضَرْباً ، فَيقُولُ : أَوَ مَا تُؤْمِنُ بِي ؟ فَيَقُولُ : أَنْتَ المَسِيحُ الكَذَّابُ ! فَيُؤْمَرُ بِهِ ، فَيُؤْشَرُ بِالمنْشَارِ مِنْ مَفْرِقِهِ حَتَّى يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ . ثُمَّ يَمْشِي الدَّجَّالُ بَيْنَ القِطْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ لَهُ : قُمْ ، فَيَسْتَوِي قَائِماً . ثُمَّ يَقُولُ لَهُ : أَتُؤْمِنُ بِي ؟ فَيَقُولُ : ما ازْدَدْتُ فِيكَ إلا بَصِيرَةً . ثُمَّ يَقُولُ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إنَّهُ لا يَفْعَلُ بَعْدِي بِأَحَدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ ؛ فَيَأخُذُهُ الدَّجَّالُ لِيَذْبَحَهُ ، فَيَجْعَلُ اللهُ مِا بَيْنَ رَقَبَتِهِ إلَى تَرْقُوَتِهِ نُحَاساً، فَلا يَسْتَطِيعُ إلَيهِ سَبيلاً ، فَيَأخُذُهُ بِيَدَيْهِ وَرِجْلَيْهِ فَيَقْذِفُ بِهِ ، فَيَحْسَبُ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ قَذَفَهُ إلَى النَّارِ ، وَإنَّمَا أُلْقِيَ فِي الجَنَّةِ » . فَقَالَ رَسُول الله : « هذا أعْظَمُ النَّاس شَهَادَةً عِندَ رَبِّ العَالَمِينَ » . رواه مسلم . وروى البخاري بعضه بمعناه .« المسالِح » : هُمُ الخُفَرَاءُ والطَّلائِعُ . قوله : هذا أعظم الناس شهادة عند رب العالمين ، أي : لأنه قال الحق عند الظالم الكاذب الجائر . قوله : وروى البخاري بعضه بمعناه ، ولفظه : « يأتي الدجال وهو محرَّم عليه أن يدخل نقاب المدينة ، فيدخل بعض السباخ التي تلي المدينة ، فيخرج إليه يومئذٍ رجل ، وهو خير الناس أو من خيار الناس فيقول : أشهد أنك الدجال الذي حدثنا رسول الله حديثه ، فيقول : أرأيتم إن قتلت هذا ، ثم أحييته ، هل تشكُّون في الأمر ؟ فيقولون : لا ، فيقتله ، ثم يحييه ، فيقول والله ما كنت فيك أشد بصيرة مني اليوم ، فيريد الدجال أن يقتله فلا يسلط عليه » .

1815. Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Prophet (PBUH) saying, "Dajjal (the Antichrist) will come forth and a person from amongst the believers will go towards him and the armed watchmen of Dajjal will meet him and they will say to him: 'Where do you intend to go?' He will say: 'I intend to go to this one who has appeared.' They will say to him: 'Don't you believe in our lord (meaning Dajjal)?' He will say: 'There (i.e., we know Him to be Allah, Alone, without any partners) is nothing hidden about our Rubb.' Some of them will say: 'Let us kill him', but some others will say: 'Has your lord (Dajjal) not forbidden you to kill anyone without his consent?' So they will take him to Dajjal. When the believer will see him, he will say: 'O people! This is Dajjal about whom the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) has informed us.' Dajjal will have him laid on his stomach and have his head. He will be struck on his back and on his stomach. Dajjal will ask him: 'Don't you believe in me?' He will say: 'You are the false Messiah.' He will then give his order to have him sawn with a saw into two from the parting of his hair up to his legs. After that Dajjal will walk between the two halves and will say to him: 'Stand up', and he will stand on his feet. He will then say to him: 'Don't you believe in me?' The person will say: 'It has added to my insight that you are Dajjal'. He will add: 'O people! He will not be able to behave with anyone amongst people in such a manner after me.' Dajjal will try to kill him. The space between his neck and collarbone will turn into copper and he will find no way to kill him. So he will catch hold of him by his hand and feet and throw him into (what appears to be the fire). The people will think that he has been thrown into the fire whereas he will be thrown into Jannah." The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) added, "He will be the most eminent amongst the people with regard to martyrdom near the Rubb of the worlds."

[Muslim]

Commentary: In this narration we find the description of a believer's steadfastness and forbearance and his final martyrdom while facing the wickedness and temptation of the mischief of Dajjal, i.e., Antichrist.

Here, we find that the part of his neck will turn into copper which could either happen in reality or, according to another interpretation, that he (Dajjal) will not be able to kill him. Allah knows better, as Allah can do whatever He likes, or it may just be a statement like a parable or a simile and some people think that this refers to the fact that Dajjal will not be able to cut his neck. But it is better to consider it in terms of reality.

[1816] وعن المغيرة بن شعبة قال : ما سألَ أَحَدٌ رسولَ الله عَن الدَّجَّالِ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا سَألْتُهُ ؛ وإنَّهُ قَالَ لِي : « مَا يَضُرُّكَ » قُلْتُ : إنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ : إنَّ مَعَهُ جَبَلَ خُبْزٍ وَنَهَرَ مَاءٍ . قالَ : « هُوَ أهْوَنُ عَلَى اللهِ مِنْ ذَلكَ » . متفق عليه . قال عياض : معناه هو أهون من أن يجعل ما يخلقه على يديه مضلاً للمؤمنين ، ومشككًا لقلوب الموقنين ، بل ليزداد الذين آمنوا إيمانًا ، ويرتاب الذين في قوبهم مرض .

1816. Al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: No one asked the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) more about Dajjal than I asked him. He said to me, "He will not harm you." I said: "O Messenger of Allah, it is reported that he will have with him a mountain of bread and a river full of water." Thereupon he said, "He (Dajjal) is far too worthless and insignificant near Allah (to let him deceive the believers)."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: The last part of the Hadith means that, although Dajjal will have great resources and methods of misleading people, the true believers will not be deceived by his tricks; on the contrary, they will increase in Faith (as what the Prophet (PBUH) said about Dajjal is true).

[1817] وعن أنس قال : قالَ رسول الله : « مَا مِنْ نَبِيٍّ إلا وَقَدْ أَنْذَرَ أُمَّتَهُ الأَعْوَرَ الكَذَّابَ ، ألا إنَّهُ أعْوَرُ ، وإنَّ رَبَّكُمْ لَيْسَ بِأَعْوَرَ ، مَكْتُوبٌ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ ك ف ر » . متفق عليه . قوله : « ما من نبي إلا وقد أنذر قومه الأعور الكذاب » ، وذلك لأنهم علموا بخروجه وشدة فتنته ، وتوهم كل نبي إدراك أمته ، فأنذرهم منه . قوله : « مكتوب بين عينيه ك ف ر » . هذا لفظ رواية مسلم . ولفظ البخاري : « وإن بين عينيه مكتوبًا كافر » . وفي رواية : « يقرؤه كل مؤمن ، كاتب وغير كاتب » .

1817. Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "There has not been a Prophet who has not warned his Ummah of that one-eyed liar (Dajjal). Behold, he is blind in one eye and your Rubb (Allah) is not blind. On his forehead are the letters: (K.F.R.) (meaning Kafir- disbeliever)."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

[1818] وَعَن أبي هريرةَ قال : قالَ رسولُ اللهِ : « ألا أُحدِّثُكمْ حديثاً عن الدجالِ ما حدَّثَ بهِ نبيٌّ قَومَهُ ! إنَّهُ أعورُ ، وَإنَّهُ يجيءُ مَعَهُ بِمِثالِ الجنَّةِ والنَّارِ ، فالتي يقولُ إنَّها الجَنَّةُ هي النَّار » . متفقٌ عليهِ . قوله : « فالتي يقول : إنها الجنة هي النار » . أي : وبالعكس ، واكتفى بما ذكر لدلالته عليه .

1818. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Let me tell you something about Dajjal (the Antichrist) which no Prophet had told his people. He is blind (in one eye) and will bring with him something like Jannah and Hell; but what he calls Jannah will be in fact Hell."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

[1819] وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما : أنَّ رسولَ الله ذَكَرَ الدَّجَّالَ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَي النَّاسِ ، فَقَالَ : « إنَّ اللهَ لَيْسَ بِأعْوَرَ ، ألا إنَّ المَسِيحَ الدَّجَّالَ أَعْوَرُ العَيْنِ اليُمْنَى ، كَأنَّ عَيْنَهُ عِنَبَةٌ طَافِيَةٌ » . متفق عليه . قوله : « طافية » بياء غير مهموزة ، أي : بارزة ، وبعضهم بالهمز ، وهي التي ذهب ضوءها . قال الحافظ : والذي يتحصل من مجموع الأحاديث أن الصواب ترك همز طافية .

1819. 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: One day the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) mentioned Al-Masih Dajjal (the Antichrist) in the presence of the people and said, "Verily, Allah is not one-eyed but Al-Masih Ad-Dajjal is blind in the right eye which looks like a swollen grape."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Commentary: All these narrations about the mischief of Dajjal are correct and have been narrated through reliable narrators, and all scholars agree on their being true. They have been reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim, whose narrations are unanimously accepted by the 'Ulama'.

The second coming of the Prophet 'Isa (Jesus) from the heavens is proved on the basis of such reliable and true narrations that none can contradict them. Before the Day of Resurrection all these things will happen, and it is essential to believe in them.

Dajjal would be a descendant of the Jews, and he will be called Dajjal because of his mischief. The meaning of Dajjal is 'one who greatly resorts to fraud and deception'.

Allah will also give him some extraordinary powers to test the belief of the Muslims. Dajjal will claim to be the lord of the world. A large portion of the Jews will be with him. He has also been named as Al-Masih Ad-Dajjal in some narrations. Jesus, son of Mary (Peace be upon them) will have the honour of killing him.

[1820] وعن أبي هريرة أنَّ رسولَ اللهِ قال : « لا تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَـتَّى يُقَاتِلَ المُسْلِمُونَ اليَهُودَ ، حَتَّى يَخْتَبِئَ اليَهُودِيُّ مِنْ وَرَاء الحَجَرِ وَالشَّجَرِ . فَيَقُولُ الحَجَرُ وَالشَّجَرُ : يَا مُسْلِمُ هذَا يَهُودِيٌّ خَلْفِي تَعَالَ فَاقْتُلْهُ ؛ إلا الغَرْقَدَ فإنَّهُ مِنْ شَجَرِ اليَهُودِ » . متفق عليه . قال النووي : الغرقد نوع من شجر الشوك ، معروف ببلاد بيت المقدس ، وهناك يكون قتل الدجال واليهود . وقال الدينوري : إذا عظمت العوسجة ، صارت غرقدًا .

1820. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah(PBUH) said, "The Last Hour will not come until the Muslims fight against the Jews, until a Jew will hide himself behind a stone or a tree, and the stone or the tree will say: 'O Muslim, there is a Jew behind me. Come and kill him,' but Al-Gharqad tree will not say so, for it is the tree of the Jews."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: Gharqad is a thorny plant which is well-known in the area of Palestine. Allah can bestow the power of speech to whatever thing He likes. When Allah wills, He will give mastery to the Muslims. He will help them even by means of plants and stones which will assist the Muslims against the Jews by informing them about the whereabouts of the Jews.

The Jews have predominance over the Muslims in spite of the fact that they are a minority. But according to this true narration, the situation will definitely change before the Day of Resurrection, and the Muslims will dominate the Jews. Allah is the Master and Rubb of everything.

[1821] وعنه قال : قالَ رسولُ اللهِ : « والَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لا تَذْهَبُ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يَمُرَّ الرجُلُ بالقَبْرِ ، فَيَتَمَرَّغَ عَلَيْهِ وَيَقُولُ : يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ مَكَانَ صَاحِبِ هذَا القَبْرِ ، وَلَيْسَ بِهِ الدِّينُ ، ما بِهِ إلا البَلاَءُ » . متفق عليه . قوله : « فيتمرغ عليه » . أي : يتقلب على القبر مما أصابه من الأنكاد الدنيوية ، وذلك لاستراحة الميت من نصب الدنيا وعنائها .

1821. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, the world will not come to an end until a man passes by a grave and will lie over it saying, 'Would that I were in this grave (i.e., dead)!' Not he will say so because of religious reasons but because of widespread mischief and severe trials of this world."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: There would be such disasters and agony in the world that people will prefer death to life under such conditions. This situation will arise before the Day of Resurrection, and the Day of Judgement will dawn on such wicked people.

[1822] وعنهُ قال : قال رسولُ اللهِ : « لا تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يَحْسِرَ الفُرَاتُ عَنْ جَبَلٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ يُقْتَتَلُ عَلَيْهِ ، فَيُقْتَلُ مِنْ كُلِّ مِئَةٍ تِسْعَةٌ وَتِسْعُونَ ، فَيَقُولُ كُلُّ رجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ : لَعَلِّي أنْ أكُونَ أنَا أنْجُو » .وَفي رواية : « يُوشِكُ أنْ يَحْسِرَ الفُرَاتُ عَنْ كَنْزٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ ، فَمَنْ حَضَرَهُ فَلا يَأخُذْ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً » . متفق عليه . قوله : « فمن حضره ، فلا يأخذ منه شيئًا » . قال الشارح : وذلك لأنه لا يصل إليه أحد إِلا بعد التقاتل ، فلا يصل إليه حتى يقتل عددًا ، وقد يقتل هو ، وإذا لم يتوجه إليه وامتثل النهي ، سلم في نفسه ، وسلم منه غيره .

1822. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "The Hour will not come to pass before the River Euphrates dries up to unveil the mountain of gold, for which people will fight. Ninety-nine out of one hundred will die (in the fighting) and every man amongst them will say: 'Perhaps I may be the only one to remain alive."'

Another narration is: "The time is near when the River Euphrates will dry up to unveil a treasure of gold. Whosoever may be alive at that time, should not take anything of it."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Commentary: The word "Yahsir" means unveil or uncover, i.e., the river will dry up and gold will be discovered underneath its bottom when Allah would like to do so. This will also surely take place before the Day of Judgement. When this incident will take place, only those people would remain safe who will be free from worldly greed and will not try to get this gold.

[1823] وعنهُ قال : سمعتُ رسولَ اللهِ يقولُ : « يَتْرُكُونَ المَدِينَةَ عَلَى خَيْرِ مَا كَانَتْ ، لا يَغْشَاهَا إلا العَوَافِي يُريد - عَوَافِي السِّبَاعِ والطَّيرِ - وَآخِرُ مَنْ يُحْشَرُ رَاعِيَانِ مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ يُرِيدَانِ المَدِينَةَ يَنْعِقَانِ بِغَنَمِهِمَا فَيَجِدَانِهَا وُحُوشاً ، حَتَّى إذَا بَلَغَا ثَنِيَّةَ الودَاعِ خَرَّا عَلَى وُجُوهِهمَا » . متفق عليه . قوله : « يتركون المدينة على خير ما كانت ، لا يغشاها إلا العوافي » ، يعني في آخر الزمان . وقال القاضي : إنه جرى في العصر الأول ، فقد تركت المدينة على أحسن ما كانت حين نقلت الخلافة إلى الشام والعراق .

1823. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "People will desert Al-Madinah in spite of it being in better condition except for wild beasts and birds. The Last Hour will happen upon two shepherds of the tribe of Muzainah. They will enter Al-Madinah driving their sheep but will find it full of wild beasts and would turn away. When they will arrive at the hill named Thaniyyat-ul-Wada' they will fall on their faces."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: According to some scholars like Al-Qadi 'Iyad, this prophecy has already been fulfilled, when the caliphate was shifted from Al-Madinah to Syria and Mesopotamia, although Al-Madinah was superior to these places in every way, worldly or otherwise, scholars were in abundance and the people were well off. However, others say that the prophecy has not been fulfilled yet, and that it will be fulfilled shortly before the Day of Judgement; they hold this view because the conditions described in the narration have not taken place. This second view seems to be more correct.

[1824] وعن أبي سعيد الخدري أنَّ النبيَّ قال : « يكُونُ خَلِيفَةٌ مِنْ خُلَفَائِكُمْ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ يَحْثُو المَالَ وَلا يَعُدُّهُ » . رواه مسلم .

1824. Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "From your caliphs there will be one in the Last Days who will distribute wealth without counting it."

[Muslim].

Commentary: Here the abundance of wealth during the time of a caliph has been prophesied. This also refers to the last days of the world.

[1825] وعن أبي موسى الأشعريِّ أنَّ النبيَّ قال : « لَيَأتِيَنَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ زَمَانٌ يَطُوفُ الرَّجُلُ فِيهِ بالصَّدَقَةِ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ فَلا يَجِدُ أَحَداً يَأخُذُهَا مِنهُ ، وَيُرَى الرَّجُلُ الوَاحِدُ يَتْبَعُهُ أرْبَعُونَ امْرَأَةً يَلُذْنَ بِهِ مِنْ قِلَّةِ الرِّجَالِ وَكَثْرَةِ النِّسَاءِ » . رواه مسلم . قوله : « ليأتين على الناس زمان يطوف الرجل فيه بالصدقة من الذهب ، فلا يجد أحدًا يأخذها منه » . قال الشارح : وذلك لإِخراج الأرض كنوزها وفيضان المال .

1825. Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "A time will come when a man will go about with alms from his gold and will not find anyone to receive it. One man will be seen being followed by forty women dependant upon him on account of the scarcity of men and excess of women."

[Muslim].

Commentary: This Hadith also reveals one of the prophecies of the Prophet (PBUH) which have not been fulfilled yet. One of them is that wealth will be abundant and females will greatly exceed the males in number. This may happen due to wars, when more males will be killed, or the birth rate of females may exceed that of the males.

[1826] وعن أبي هريرة عن النبي قال : « اشْتَرَى رَجُلٌ مِنْ رَجُلٍ عَقَاراً ، فَوَجَدَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَى العَقَارَ فِي عَقَارِهِ جَرَّةً فِيهَا ذَهَبٌ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الَّذِي اشْتَرَى العَقَارَ : خُذْ ذَهَبَكَ ، إنَّمَا اشْتَرَيْتُ مِنْكَ الأَرْضَ وَلَمْ أشْتَرِ الذَّهَبَ ، وَقَالَ الَّذِي لَهُ الأَرْضُ : إنَّمَا بِعْتُكَ الأَرْضَ وَمَا فِيهَا ، فَتَحَاكَمَا إلَى رَجُلٍ ، فَقَالَ الَّذِي تَحَاكَمَا إلَيْهِ : أَلَكُمَا وَلَدٌ ؟ قالَ أحَدُهُما : لِي غُلاَمٌ ، وقالَ الآخَرُ : لِي جَارِيَةٌ قال : أنْكِحَا الغُلاَمَ الجَارِيَةَ ، وأنْفِقَا عَلَى أنْفُسِهمَا مِنْهُ وَتَصَدَّقَا » . متفق عليه . العقار : كل ملك ثابت له أصل ، كالدار ، والنخل ، والأرض . وفي هذا الحديث : تورع البائع والمشتري ، وإنصاف الحاكم بينهما ، وعدم طمعه .

1826. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "A man bought a piece of land from another man, and the buyer found a jar filled with gold in the land. The buyer said to the seller: 'Take your gold, as I bought only the land from you and not the gold.' The owner of the land said: 'I sold you the land with everything in it.' So both of them took their case before a third man who asked: 'Have you any children?' One of them said: 'I have a boy.' The other said, 'I have a girl.' The man said: 'Marry the girl to the boy and spend the money on them; and whatever remains give it in charity."'

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: This is the story of some people from the past, in which exemplary honesty, piety and the will to abstain from the doubtful property has been described. But as far as the law of Shari'ah is concerned, it appears that in the transaction of land, any buried treasure will not be included in the sale. It will be considered quite separately and apart from the sale of the land. If the previous owner says that the treasure belongs to him and he forgot to take it out, then it will be considered as his property and not the property of the buyer of the land. But if he shows ignorance about it, then it will be considered under the title of "Rikaz". In such a case, one-fifth of it goes to the public treasury and the rest to the owner of the land. Rikaz refers to any buried treasure which is discovered in any land.

[1827] وعنهُ : أنَّه سمعَ رسُول الله يقولُ : « كانت امْرَأَتَانِ مَعَهُمَا ابْنَاهُمَا ، جَاءَ الذِّئْبُ فَذَهَبَ بابْنِ إحْدَاهُمَا . فَقَالَتْ لِصَاحِبَتِهَا : إنَّمَا ذَهَبَ بِابْنِكِ ، وقالتِ الأخرَى : إنَّمَا ذَهَبَ بِابْنِكِ ، فَتَحَاكَمَا إلى دَاوُدَ فَقَضَى بِهِ لِلْكُبْرَى ، فَخَرَجَتَا عَلَى سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُد فَأَخْبَرَتَاهُ . فَقالَ : ائْتُونِي بِالسِّكِّينِ أشُقُّهُ بَيْنَهُمَا . فَقَالَتِ الصُّغْرَى : لا تَفْعَلْ ! رَحِمَكَ اللهُ ، هُوَ ابْنُهَا . فَقَضَى بِهِ للصُّغْرَى » . متفق عليه . قال القرطبي : الذي ينبغي أن يقال : إن قضاء دواد به لها لسبب اقتضى ترجيح قولها عنده ، إذ لا بينة لإِحداهما . وقال ابن الجوزي : استنبط سليمان لما رأى الأمر محتملاً ، فأجاد وكلاهما حكم بالاجتهاد . ودلت هذه القصة : أن الفطنة والفهم موهبة من الله تعالى لا تتعلق بكبر سن ولا صغره .

1827. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "There were two women, each had her child with her. A wolf came and took away the child of one of them. One woman said to her companion: 'The wolf has taken your son.' The other said: 'It has taken your son.' So both of them took the dispute to Prophet Dawud (David) (PBUH) who judged that the boy should be given to the older lady. Then they went to Prophet Sulaiman (Solomon) (PBUH) son of Dawud and put the case before him. Prophet Sulaiman said: 'Give me a knife so that I may cut the child into two and give one half to each of you.' The younger woman said: 'Do not do so; may Allah bless you! He is her child.' On that Prophet Sulaiman decided the case in favour of the younger woman."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: Prophet Sulaiman (Solomon) (PBUH) went to the depth of the matter by wisdom bestowed by Allah and the power of decision using a device or a trick as a method of discovering the truth. He used this trick to discover the truth and not to evade it. Such a trick is not forbidden in the law and there is no doubt in its being permitted. However, those tricks which are used to avoid the law are a great sin for which the Jews are well-known. May Allah save us from such things.

[1828] وعن مِرداس الأسلمي قال : قال النبيُّ : « يَذْهَبُ الصَّالِحُونَ الأَوَّلُ فَالأَوَّلُ ، وَتَبْقَى حُثَالَةٌ كَحُثَالَةِ الشَّعِيرِ أوِ التَّمْرِ لا يُبَالِيهُمُ اللهُ بَالَةً » . رواه البخاري . الحُثالة : الرديء من كل شيء . قال الخطابي : أي لا يرفع لهم قدرًا ، ولا يقيم لهم وزنًا . قال ابن بطال : وفي الحديث أن موت الصالحين من أشراط الساعة . وفيه : الندب إلى الاقتداء بأهل الخير ، والتحذير من مخالفتهم .

1828. Mirdas Al-Aslami (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "The pious men will depart one after another, the dregs of people, like the sediment of barley or dates will remain; Allah will not raise them in value and esteem."

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: The Hadith shows that the demise of the pious people is one of the signs of the nearness of the Day of Resurrection. It also shows that during the last days near the Day of Resurrection, pious persons will not remain and only the wicked people will inhabit the earth and the Day of Judgement will dawn on such bad people.

[1829] وعن رفاعة بن رافع الزُّرَقِيِّ قال : جاء جبريل إلى النبيّ قال : مَا تَعُدُّونَ أهْلَ بَدْرٍ فِيكُمْ ؟ قال : « مِنْ أفْضَلِ المُسْلِمِينَ » أوْ كَلِمَةً نَحْوَهَا . قال : وَكَذلِكَ مَنْ شَهِدَ بَدْراً مِنَ المَلائِكَةِ . رواه البخاري . فيه : عظيم فضل أهل بدر ، وعدتهم ثلاث مئة وثلاثة عشر ، عدة الذين جاوزوا النهر مع طالوت ، وقد رتبهم أصحاب الطبقات ، فقالوا : أفضل الصحابة الصديق ، فعمر فعثمان ، فعلي ، فباقي الستة فأهل بدر .

1829. Rifa'ah bin Rafi' Az-Zuraqi (May Allah be pleased with him) said: Jibril (Gabriel) came to the Prophet (PBUH) and asked him: "How do you estimate among you those who participated in the battle of Badr?" He replied, "They were the best of Muslims" (or he may have said something similar to that). Jibril said: "The same is the case with the angels who were at Badr."

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: The Hadith highlights the superiority of those Companions, as well those angels, who participated in the battle of Badr against the forces of Kufr. The Qur'an confirms the fact that the angels fought along with Muslims in this historic battle.

[1830] وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما قال : قال رسولُ اللهِ : « إذَا أنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِقَومٍ عَذَاباً ، أصَابَ العَذَابُ مَنْ كَانَ فِيهِمْ ، ثُمَّ بُعِثُوا عَلَى أَعْمَالِهِمْ » . متفق عليه . يشهد لهذا الحديث قوله تعالى : ﴿ وَاتَّقُواْ فِتْنَةً لا تُصِيبَنَّ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنكُمْ خَآصَّةً ﴾ [ الأنفال (25) ] ، فإذا نزل العذاب ، عم البر والفاجر ، ويبعثون على نياتهم .

1830. Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "If Allah afflicts punishment upon a nation, it befalls the whole population indiscriminately and then they will be resurrected and judged according to their deeds."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: When Allah's punishment comes to pass, it does not distinguish between the upright and the wicked. However, the pious people will be saved from punishment after their death while the wicked ones will be punished in the Hell. May Allah save us from all types of punishments.

[1831] وعن جابر قال : كَانَ جِذْعٌ يَقُومُ إلَيْهِ النَّبيُّ - يَعْنِي فِي الخُطْبَةِ - فَلَمَّا وُضِعَ المِنْبَرُ سَمِعْنَا لِلجِذْعِ مِثْلَ صَوْتِ العِشَارِ ، حَتَّى نَزَلَ النبي فَوضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيهِ فَسَكَنَ .وَفِي روايةٍ : فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَومُ الجُمُعَةِ قَعَدَ النَّبيُّ عَلَى المِنْبَرِ ، فَصَاحَتِ النَّخْلَةُ الَّتِي كَانَ يَخْطُبُ عِنْدَهَا حَتَّى كَادَتْ أنْ تَنْشَقَّ .وفي رواية : فصَاحَتْ صِيَاحَ الصَّبيِّ ، فَنَزَلَ النبي حَتَّى أَخَذَهَا فَضَمَّهَا إلَيهِ ، فَجَعَلَتْ تَئِنُّ أَنِينَ الصَّبي الَّذِي يُسَكَّتُ حَتَّى اسْتَقَرَّتْ ، قال : « بَكَتْ عَلَى مَا كَانَتْ تَسْمَعُ مِنَ الذَّكْرِ » . رواه البخاري . قال البيهقي : قصة حنين الجذع من الأمور الظاهرة التي نقلها الخلف عن السلف . قال الحافظ : وفي الحديث دلالة على أن الجمادات قد يخلق الله لها إدراكًا كالحيوان بل كأشرف الحيوان . وفيه : تأكيد لقول من يحمل : ﴿ وَإِن مِّن شَيْءٍ إِلا يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدَهِ ﴾ [ الإسراء (44) ] . على ظاهره . وقال الشافعي : ما أعطى الله نبيًا مثل ما أعطى محمدًا فقد أعطى عيسى إحياء الموتى ، وأعطى محمدًا حنين الجذع ، حتى سمع صوته ، فهذا أكبر من ذلك .

1831. Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) said: There was a trunk of a date-palm tree upon which the Prophet (PBUH) used to recline while delivering Khutbah (sermon). When a pulpit was placed in the mosque, we heard the trunk crying out like a pregnant she-camel. the Prophet (PBUH) came down from the pulpit and put his hand on the trunk and it became quiet.

Another narration is: The Prophet (PBUH) used to stand by a tree or a date-palm on Friday (to give the Khutbah). Then an Ansari woman or man said, "O Messenger of Allah! Shall we make a pulpit for you?" He replied, "If you wish." So they made a pulpit for him and when it was Friday, the Prophet (PBUH) sat on the pulpit [to deliver the Khutbah (sermon)] and the trunk of the date-palm on which he used to recline cried out as if it would split asunder.

Another narration is: It cried like a child and the Prophet (PBUH) descended (from the pulpit) and embraced it while it continued moaning like a child being quietened. The Prophet (PBUH) said, "It was crying for (missing) what it used to hear of Dhikr near it."

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: Ibn Hajar said that there is evidence in this Hadith that Allah can endow inanimate objects with a special sense or feeling like that of animals. The Hadith also shows one of the numerous miracles of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH).

[1832] وعن أبي ثعلبة الخُشَنِيِّ جُرثومِ بنِ ناشر عن رسول الله قال : « إنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى فَرَضَ فَرَائِضَ فَلا تُضَيِّعُوهَا ، وَحَدَّ حُدُوداً فَلا تَعْتَدُوهَا ، وَحَرَّمَ أَشْيَاءَ فَلا تَنْتَهِكُوهَا ، وَسَكَتَ عَنْ أشْيَاءَ رَحْمَةً لَكُمْ غَيْرَ نِسْيَانٍ فَلا تَبْحَثُوا عَنْهَا » حديث حسن . رواه الدارقطني وغيره . قال ابن سمعان : هذا الحديث أصل كبير من أصول الدين وفروعه . من عمل به ، فقد حاز الثواب ، وأمن من العقاب ؛ لأن من أدى الفرائض ، واجتنب المحارم ، ووقف عند الحدود ، وترك البحث عما غاب عنه ، فقد استوفى أقسام الفضل ، وأوفى حقوق الدين . وأخرج البزار في ( مسنده ) والحاكم من حديث أبي الدرداء رضي الله عنه : أنَّ النبي قال : « ما أحل الله في كتابه فهو حلال ، وما حرم ، فهو حرام . وما سكت عنه ، فهو عفو ، فاقبلوا من الله عافيته ، فإن الله لم يكن لينسى شيئًا » ، ثم تلا هذه الآية : ﴿ وَمَا كَانَ رَبُّكَ نَسِيّاً ﴾ [ مريم (64)].

1832. Abu Tha'labah Al-Khushani (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Allah, the Exalted, has laid down certain duties which you should not neglect, and has put certain limits which you should not transgress, and has kept silent about other matters out of mercy for you and not out of forgetfulness, so do not seek to investigate them."

[Ad-Daraqutni and others]

Commentary: According to Sheikh Al-Albani there is a break in the chain of this narration. He has given the details about it in his book. But some other scholars have declared it in the category of Hasan narrations. Even Imam An-Nawawi has termed it as Hasan. For details refer to Mustadrak Al-Hakim, Vol. 4: P. 115; Majma' Az-Zawaid, Vol. 7: P.75; Tirmidhi: Chapter relating to Dress, No. 1726; Ibn Majah: Book of Food: Chapter: Eating of Cheese and Butter No:3367; As-Sunan Al-Kubra by Al Baihaqi: Book of Sacrifice, Chapter: What has been said about hyena and fox.

According to Imam As-Sam'ani, this Hadith is very important, as the details of important things have been given here. Whosoever leads his life accordingly, will surely succeed in this life and the Hereafter.

[1833] وعن عبد الله بن أبي أَوْفَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنهما ، قالَ : غَزَوْنَا مَعَ رَسولِ اللهِ سَبْعَ غَزَوَاتٍ نَأكُلُ الجَرَادَ .وَفِي رِوَايةٍ : نَأكُلُ مَعَهُ الجَرَادَ . متفق عليه . قال البخاري : باب أكل الجراد ، وذكر الحديث . قال الحافظ : وخلقة الجراد عجيبة ، فيها عشرة من الحيوانات ، ذكر بعضها ابن الشهرزوري في قوله :لها فخذا بكر ، وساقا نعامة وقادمتا نسر وجؤجؤ ضيغم حبتها أفاعي الرمل بطنًا وأنعمت عليها جياد الخيل بالرأس والفم قيل : وفاته عين الفيل ، وعنق الثور ، وقرن الإبل ، وذنب الحية ، وهو صنفان طيار ، ووثاب . واختلف في أصله ، فقيل : أنه نثرة حوت ، فذلك كان أكله بغير ذكاة ، وهذا ورد في حديث ضعيف ، ولو صح لكان فيه حجة لمن قال : لا جزاء فيه إذا قتله المحرم . وإذا ثبت فيه الجزاء ، دل على أنه بَرِّيّ . وجمهور العلماء على خلافه ، وقد أجمع العلماء على جواز أكله بغير تذكية ، إلا أن المشهور عند المالكية اشتراط تذكيته . ووافق مطرف منهم الجمهور في أنه لا يفتقر إلى ذكاة لحديث ابن عمر : « أحلت لنا ميتتان ودمان : السمك والجراد ، والكبد والطحال » . ونقل النووي : الإِجماع على حل أكل الجراد ، لكن فصَّل ابن العربي في لا يؤكل ، لأنه ضرر محض وهذا إن ثبت أنه يضر أكله بأنه يكون فيه سمية تخصه دون غيره من جراد البلاد تعين استثناؤه ، والله أعلم . انتهى ملخصًا .

1833. 'Abdullah bin Abu 'Aufa (May Allah be pleased with them) said: We accompanied the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) in seven expeditions, and we ate locusts.

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: Locust is a type of insect that flies in huge groups, destroying all the plants and crops. This Hadith highlights the permissibility of eating locusts.

[1834] وعن أبي هريرة أنَّ النبيَّ قال : « لا يُلْدَغُ المُؤْمِنُ مِنْ جُحْرٍ [ وَاحِدٍ ] مَرَّتَيْنِ » . متفق عليه . قوله : « لا يلدغ » خبر بمعنى الأمر . وفيه : الحض على الجزم ، والحذر من الغفلة . وقال أبو عبيد : لا ينبغي للمؤمن إذا نكب من وجه أن يعود إليه . قال ابن بطال : وفيه : أدب شريف أدب به النبي أمته ، ونبههم كيف يحذرون مما يخافون من سوء عاقبته .

1834. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "A believer should not be stung twice from the same hole."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: This Hadith makes it clear that if a Muslim faces a loss from some place, he should remain careful lest he may be deceived again and again.

[1835] وعنه قال : قالَ رسول الله : « ثَلاَثَةٌ لا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللهُ يَومَ القِيَامَةِ ، وَلا يَنْظُرُ إلَيْهِمْ ، وَلا يُزَكِّيهِمْ ، وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ ألِيمٌ : رَجُلٌ عَلَى فَضْلِ مَاءٍ بِالفَلاَةِ يَمْنَعُهُ مِنِ ابْنِ السَّبِيلِ ، وَرَجُلٌ بَايَعَ رَجُلاً بسِلْعَةً بَعْدَ العَصْرِ فَحَلَفَ بِاللهِ لأَخَذَهَا بِكذَا وَكَذَا فَصَدَّقَهُ وَهُوَ عَلَى غَيْرِ ذلِكَ ، وَرَجُلٌ بَايَعَ إمَاماً لا يُبَايِعُهُ إلا لِدُنْيَا فَإنْ أَعْطَاهُ مِنْهَا وَفَى وَإنْ لَمْ يُعْطِهِ مِنْهَا لَمْ يَفِ » . متفق عليه . قوله : « ورجل بايع رجلاً بسلعة بعد العصر » ، خص العصر لعظيم الإثم فيه ، واليمين الفاجرة محرمة في كل وقت ، وكان السلف يحلفون بعد العصر تغليظًا لليمين ، وقد قال الله تعالى : ﴿ تَحْبِسُونَهُمَا مِن بَعْدِ الصَّلاَةِ ﴾ [ المائدة 106 ] .

1835. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "There are three (types of) people with whom Allah will neither speak on the Day of Resurrection nor purify them (from sins) and there will be a painful chastisement for them: A person who has spare water in a desert and he refuses to give it to the traveller; a person who sells a commodity to another person after the afternoon prayer and swears by Allah that he has bought it at such and such price, and the buyer pays him accordingly though in reality it was not true; and a person who pledges allegiance to an Imam (leader) just for some worldly benefit, and then if the Imam bestows on him (something out of that) he fulfills his allegiance, and if does not give him, he does not fulfill it."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

[1836] وعنه عن النبيّ قال : « بَيْنَ النَّفْخَتَيْنِ أرْبَعُونَ » قالوا : يَا أبَا هُرَيْرَةَ أرْبَعُونَ يَوْماً ؟ قالَ : أبَيْتُ ، قَالُوا : أرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً ؟ قال : أبَيْتُ . قالُوا : أرْبَعُونَ شَهْراً ؟ قالَ : أبَيْتُ . « وَيَبْلَى كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الإنْسَانٍ إلا عَجْبَ الذَّنَبِ ، فِيهِ يُرَكَّبُ الخَلْقُ ، ثُمَّ يُنَزِّلُ اللهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَيَنْبُتُونَ كَمَا يَنْبُتُ البَقْلُ » . متفق عليه . قوله : « بين النفختين » ، أي : نفخة الصعق ، ونفخة البعث . قال الله تعالى : ﴿ وَنُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَصَعِقَ مَن فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَن فِي الأَرْضِ إِلا مَن شَاء اللَّهُ ثُمَّ نُفِخَ فِيهِ أُخْرَى فَإِذَا هُم قِيَامٌ يَنظُرُونَ ﴾ [ الزمر (68) ] . قوله : « أبيت » قال النووي : مراده الامتناع من الجزم بل الذي يجزم به أنها أربعون ، وقد جاءت مفسرة من رواية غيره في غير مسلم : « أربعون سنة » . قوله : « إلا عجب الذَّنب » ، هو بفتح العين المهملة وسكون الجيم ، أي العظم اللطيف الذي في أسفل الصلب ، وهو رأس العصعص .

1836. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "Between the two Blowing of the Trumpet there will be an interval of forty." The people said, "O Abu Hurairah! Do you mean forty days?" He said, "I cannot say anything." They said, "Do you mean forty years?" He said, "I cannot say anything." They said, "Do you mean forty months?" He said, "I cannot say anything. The Prophet added: 'Everything of the human body will perish except the last coccyx bone (end part of the spinal cord), and from that bone Allah will reconstruct the whole body. Then Allah will send down water from the sky and people will grow like green vegetables'."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary:

1. When Israfil blows the Trumpet the first time, by Allah's Leave, all those who are in the heavens and on earth will swoon away, except him whom Allah will. This will be the first Blowing. Then, it will be blown a second time, they will become alive and will emerge from their graves. These Blowings are known as the 'Blowings of Fainting and Rising'. As regard the interval between these two Blowings, the narrator of the narration, Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him), could not say anything when he was asked about it; as he himself did not know it. But in other narrations the interval has been mentioned as forty years.

2. The earth eats away the whole body of humans except the bodies of the Prophets. However, only the end part of the spinal cord remains intact. How it remains intact is known to Allah, but from it mankind will be created again.

3. Bodies will rise from the earth as vegetation springs out from the earth after the rainfall.

[1837] وعنه قال : بَيْنَمَا النَّبِيُّ في مَجْلِسٍ يُحَدِّثُ القَومَ ، جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فَقَالَ : مَتَى السَّاعَةُ ؟ فَمَضَى رسولُ اللهِ يُحَدِّثُ ، فَقالَ بَعْضُ القَومِ : سَمِعَ مَا قَالَ فَكَرِهَ مَا قَالَ ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ : بَلْ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ ، حَتَّى إذَا قَضَى حَدِيثَهُ قالَ : أيْنَ السَّائِلُ عَنِ السَّاعَةِ ؟ » قال : هَا أنا يَا رسُولَ اللهِ . قال : « إذَا ضُيِّعَتِ الأَمَانَةُ فَانْتَظِرِ السَّاعَةَ » قال : كَيفَ إضَاعَتُهَا ؟ قال : « إذَا وُسِّدَ الأَمْرُ إلى غَيْرِ أَهْلِهِ فَانْتَظِرِ السَّاعَةَ » . رواه البخاري . قال ابن المنير : ينبغي أن يجعل هذا الحديث أصلاً في أخذ الدروس ، والقراءة ، والحكومات ، والفتاوى عند الازدحام على السبق . قوله : « إذا وسّد الأمر إلى غير أهله ، فانتظر الساعة » . قال في ( النهاية ) : أي أسند وجعل في غير أهله ، يعني إذا سود وشرف غير المستحق للسيادة والشرف . وقيل : هو من الوسادة ، أي : إذا وضعت وسادة الملك والأمر والنهي لغير مستحقها ، وتكون « إلى » بمعنى اللام .

1837. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Once the Prophet (PBUH) was speaking to us when, a bedouin came and asked him: "When will the Last Day be?" The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) continued his talk. Some of those present thought that he had heard him but disliked the interruption and the other said that he had not hear him. When the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) concluded his speech he asked, "Where is the one who inquired about the Last Day?" The man replied: "Here I am." The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) replied, "When the practice of honouring a trust is lost, expect the Last Day." He asked: "How could it be lost?" He replied, "When the government is entrusted to the undeserving people, then wait for the Last Day."

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: Here a very important sign of the nearness of the Day of Judgement has been mentioned: The affairs of the world will be in the hands of wicked and undeserving people. The sinners and wicked people will become the leaders of the world. The preaching pulpits would also be occupied by people who would be greedy and ignorant.They will be devoid of piety and abstinence.

[1838] وعنه : أنَّ رسُولَ اللهِ قال : « يُصَلُّونَ لَكُمْ ، فَإنْ أصَابُوا فَلَكُمْ ، وإنْ أَخْطَئُوا فَلَكُمْ وَعَلَيْهِمْ » . رواه البخاري . قال البخاري : باب إذا لم يتم الإمام وأتم من خلفه ، وذكر الحديث . قال الحافظ : قوله : « يصلون » ، أي : الأئمة . إلى أن قال : وروى أبو داود من حديث عقبة بن عامر مرفوعًا : « من أمّ الناس ، فأصاب الوقت ، فله ولهم » . وفي رواية أحمد : « فإن صلوا الصلاة لوقتها ، وأتموا الركوع والسجود ، فهي لكم ولهم » . قال ابن المنذر : هذا الحديث يرد على من زعم أن صلاة الإمام إذا فسدت ، فسدت صلاة من خلفه . انتهى ملخصًا .

1838. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Your leaders will lead you in Salat (prayer). If they conduct it properly, you and they will be rewarded; but if they make mistakes you will earn the reward and they will be held responsible (for the mistakes)."

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: In this narration, there is a mention of one of the signs of the nearness of the Day of Judgement: Muslims will be led in their prayers as well as worldly affairs by ignorant, undeserving rulers. Whoever offers prayers with them and behind them according to the Sunnah, then both of them will get the reward. Otherwise the reward will be established with the followers and the burden of the mistakes will be placed on the rulers' shoulders.

[1839] وعنه ﴿ كُنْتُمْ خَيْرَ أمَّةٍ أُخْرِجَتْ لِلنَّاسِ ﴾ قالَ : خَيْرُ النَّاسِ للنَّاسِ يَأتُونَ بِهِمْ في السَّلاسِلِ فِي أعْنَاقِهِمْ حَتَّى يَدْخُلُوا فِي الإسْلاَمِ .

1839. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said in the interpretation of the Ayah reported: "You are the best of peoples ever raised up for (the benefit of) mankind..." (3:110): The best for mankind are those who bring them with chains round their necks till they embrace Islam (and thereby save them from the eternal punishment in the Hell-fire, and make them enter Jannah in the Hereafter)."

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: This is in a way the explanation of the concerned Verse of the Qur'an. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) says: In this Verse those fighters have been named as the best of the Ummah who fight with the infidels whom they take prisoners and they ultimately accept Islam. Hence, they become a means of acceptance of Faith to them, and are entitled to more rewards from Allah.

[1840] وعنه عن النبيّ قال : « عَجِبَ اللهُ مِنْ قَومٍ يَدْخُلُونَ الجَنَّةَ فِي السَّلاسِلِ » . رواهما البخاري .معناه : يُؤْسَرُونَ وَيُقَيَّدُونَ ثُمَّ يُسْلِمُونَ فَيَدْخُلُونَ الجَنَّةَ . قوله : « كنتم خير أمة أخرجت للناس » . قال ابن كثير : المعنى خير الأمم ، وأنفع الناس للناس . وفي حديث درة بنت أبي لهب مرفوعًا : « خير الناس أقرؤهم وأفقههم في دين الله ، وأتقاهم لله ، وآمرهم بالمعروف ، وأنهاهم عن المنكر » .

1840. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: the Prophet (PBUH) said, "Allah marvels at those people who enter Jannah in chains."

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: The meaning of this Hadith is also the same as the Hadith mentioned before it. This means that after taking captives, the Muslims inform them about the teachings of Islam so that after accepting Islam they may deserve Jannah, which is the ultimate success. Allah says, "And whoever is removed away from the Fire and admitted to Jannah, he indeed is successful." (3:185) This Hadith urges Muslims to call to Islam, it also urges those Mujahidun to invite their prisoners to Islam to save them from the chastisement of the Hell-fire.

[1841] وعنه عن النبيّ قال : « أَحَبُّ البِلادِ إلَى اللهِ مَسَاجِدُهَا ، وَأبْغَضُ البِلاَدِ إلَى اللهِ أسْوَاقُهَا » . رواه مسلم . قوله : « أحب البلاد إلى الله مساجدها » ؛ لأنها البيوت الذي أذن الله أن ترفع ويذكر فيها اسمه بالتسبيح ، والصلاة والذكر ، وتلاوة القرآن ، وسبب بغضه للأسواق أنها محل للفحش ، والخداع ، والربا ، والأيمان الكاذبة ، ونحو ذلك .

1841. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: the Prophet (PBUH) said, "The dearest parts on the face of the earth near Allah are its mosques, and the most hated parts near Allah are its markets."

[Muslim].

Commentary: The superiority of the mosques is self evident. People pray and worship Allah in the mosques and recitation of Qur'an goes on there. While in the market places people forget to remember Allah and indulge in such forbidden acts as fraud, lies and gossip. In fact, it is not the place itself which is disliked but the bad things which are bound to happen in it, they are not the places of choice and are not liked.

[1842] وعن سلمان الفارسي من قولهِ قال : لا تَكُونَنَّ إن اسْتَطَعْتَ أوَّلَ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ السُّوقَ ، وَلا آخِرَ مَنْ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا ، فَإنَّهَا مَعْرَكَةُ الشَّيْطَانِ ، وَبِهَا يَنْصبُ رَايَتَهُ . رواه مسلم هكذا . ورواه البرقاني في صحيحهِ عن سلمان قال : قال رسولُ اللهِ : « لا تَكُنْ أَوَّلَ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ السُّوقَ ، وَلا آخِرَ مَنْ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا . فِيهَا بَاضَ الشَّيْطَانُ وَفَرَّخَ » . قوله : « فيها باض الشيطان وفرخ » ، أي : استوطنها وأحبها لكونه محل المعاصي من الغش ، والخداع ، والأيمان الكاذبة ، والأفعال المنكرة ونحوها .

1842. Salman Al-Farisi (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "Do not, if you can help, be the first to enter the market and the last to leave it because it is an arena of Satan and the standard of Satan is set there."

[Muslim].

There are other narrations with some variation in the wordings.

Commentary: It is disliked (Makruh) to frequently visit the markets, where there is overwhelming influence of the Satan. The more one goes there, the more will one be influenced by the temptations of the devil.

[1843] وعن عاصمٍ الأحوَلِ ، عن عبدِ اللهِ بن سَرْجِسَ قال : قلتُ لِرسولِ اللهِ : يا رسولَ اللهِ ، غَفَرَ اللهُ لَكَ ، قال : « وَلَكَ » . قال عاصمٌ : فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : أسْتَغْفرَ لَكَ رسُولُ اللهِ ؟ قال : نَعَمْ وَلَكَ ، ثُمَّ تَلا هذِهِ الآية : ﴿ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِذَنْبِكَ وَلِلمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالمُؤْمِنَاتِ ﴾ [ محمد (19) ] . رواه مسلم . قوله : قلت لرسول الله : يا رسول الله ، غفر الله لك ، قال : « ولك » . فيه : مكافأة للحسنة بأحسن منها .

1843. 'Asim Al-Ahwal said: 'Abdullah bin Sarjis (May Allah be pleased with him) said to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH): "O Messenger of Allah! May Allah forgive all your sins!" The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "And yours also." 'Asim reported: I asked 'Abdullah: "Did the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) seek forgiveness for you?" He replied: "Yes, and for you also." Then he recited the Verse: "Seek forgiveness for your sins and for the believing men and the believing women." (47:19)

[Muslim].

Commentary: Although the Prophet (PBUH) is free from sins, it is permissible, as a token of Allah's honour and care for him, to pray for his greater salvation and blessings. It is also in a way a method of paying respects to him. The Hadith also shows the noble character of the Prophet (PBUH) who used to reciprocate compliments and good deeds.

[1844] وعن أبي مسعودٍ الأنصاري قال : قال النبيّ : « إنَّ مِمَّا أَدْرَكَ النَّاسُ مِنْ كَلاَمِ النُّبُوَّةِ الأولَى : إذَا لَمْ تَسْتَحِ فَاصْنَعْ مَا شِئْتَ » . رواه البخاري . يعني : أن هذا مأثور عن الأنبياء المتقدمين . وفيه : تهديد ووعيد لمنزوع الحياء ، فإن الحياء يكف صاحبه عن ارتكاب القبائح ، ودناءة الأخلاق ، ويحثه على مكارم الأخلاق ومعاليها . قال بعض السلف : رأيت المعاصي نذالة ، فتركتها مروءة فاستحالت ديانة .

1844. Abu Mas'ud Al-Ansari (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "One of the admonitions of the previous Prophets which has been conveyed to people is that if you have no modesty, you can do whatever you like."

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: This does not mean that doing everything is allowed for a shameless person. It is like giving an information that when a person loses the feeling of shame, then he does not mind doing anything. For this reasons the western nations intend to finish the feeling of shame and remorse among the Muslims, which is a landmark and a criterion of Islam. They want to do away with this criterion so that Muslims may indulge in shameless things happily. Unfortunately, the western people are succeeding in their designs and the Islamic social life is also tending to be shameless like its western counterpart.

[1845] وعن ابن مسعودٍ قال : قالَ النَّبِيُّ : « أوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاء » . متفق عليه . أي : أول القضايا يوم القيامة يقضى فيها القضاء في الدماء التي وقعت بين الناس في الدنيا . وعند النسائي : « أول يحاسب عليه العبد صلاته ، وأول ما يقضى بين الناس في الدماء » . قال الحافظ : وفي الحديث : عظم أمر الدماء ، فإن البداءة إنما تكون بالأهم ، والذنب يعظم بحسب المفسدة وتفويت المصلحة ، وإعدام البنية الإنسانية غاية في ذلك . انتهى . وقد قال الله تعالى : ﴿ وَإِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلاَئِكَةِ إِنِّي جَاعِلٌ فِي الأَرْضِ خَلِيفَةً قَالُواْ أَتَجْعَلُ فِيهَا مَن يُفْسِدُ فِيهَا وَيَسْفِكُ الدِّمَاء وَنَحْنُ نُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِكَ وَنُقَدِّسُ لَكَ قَالَ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مَا لا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾ [ البقرة (30) ] .

1845. Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "The first matter concerning which people will be judged on the Day of Resurrection will be the matter of blood."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Commentary: In another Hadith, it has been stated that on the Day of Judgement, the first thing about which people will be questioned will be As-Salat (the five daily prayers). There is no contradiction in the two narrations. Among the duties of Allah, the first thing to be reckoned would be As-Salat; while among the mutual right of humans, the first thing to be decided would be murder. From this narration the value of human life becomes very significant.

[1846] وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت : قال رسولُ اللهِ : « خُلِقَتِ المَلاَئِكَةُ مِنْ نُورٍ ، وَخُلِقَ الجَانُّ مِنْ مَارِجٍ من نَارٍ ، وَخُلِقَ آدَمُ مِمَّا وُصِفَ لَكُمْ » . رواه مسلم . قال ابن عباس : المارج : اللهب الذي يعلو النار ، فيختلط بعضه ببعض : أحمر ، وأصفر ، وأخضر .وقد قال الله تعالى : ﴿ خَلَقَ الْإِنسَانَ مِن صَلْصَالٍ كَالْفَخَّارِ * وَخَلَقَ الْجَانَّ مِن مَّارِجٍ مِّن نَّارٍ ﴾ [ الرحمن (14 ، 15) ] .

1846. 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Angels were created from light, jinns were created from a smokeless flame of fire, and 'Adam was created from that which you have been told (i.e., sounding clay like the clay of pottery)."

[Muslim].

Commentary: The angels are the creation of Allah which He created from light. Their bodies are so subtle that they can assume any form they like. The jinn are also an unperceptible creation of Allah. They have also been bestowed with such powers as are not possessed by humans. Satan also belongs to the jinn. Man has been created from sounding clay. The Hadith states the Great and the Perfect Powers of Allah that He can create whatever He likes from whatever He likes, and He can do whatever He wishes.

[1847] وعنها رضي الله عنها قالت : كان خُلُقُ نَبِيِّ اللهِ القُرْآن . رواهُ مسلم في جملة حديث طويل . قال الله تعالى : ﴿ وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلى خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ ﴾ [ القلم (4) ] . قال العوفي عن ابن عباس : وإنك لعلى دين عظيم ، وهو الإسلام . وقال عطية : لعلى أدب عظيم . وعن جبير بن نفير قال : ( حججت فدخلت على عائشة رضي الله عنها ، فسألتها عن خلق رسول الله ، فقالت : كان خلق رسول الله القرآن ) . قال ابن كثير : ومعنى هذا أنه عليه الصلاة والسلام صار امتثال القرآن أمرًا ونهيًا ، سجية له ، وخلق تطبعه ، وترك طبعه الجبلي . فمهما أمره القرآن فعله ، ومهما نهاه عنه تركه . هذا مع ما جبله الله عليه من الخلق العظيم من الحياء ، والكرم ، والشجاعة ، والصفح ، والحلم ، وكل خلق جميل .

1847. 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The conduct of the Prophet (PBUH) was entirely according to the Qur'an.

[Muslim in a long Hadith].

Commentary: This Hadith shows that the life of the Prophet (PBUH) and all modes of his actions were on the pattern given in the Qur'an. In his life we can observe the perfection of obedience to all the commands of the Qur'an. In fact, he was a living example of the Qur'an.

[1848] وعنها قالت : قال رسُولُ اللهِ : « مَنْ أحَبَّ لِقَاءَ اللهِ أحَبَّ اللهُ لِقَاءهُ ، وَمَنْ كَرِهَ لِقَاءَ اللهِ كَرِهَ اللهُ لِقَاءهُ » . فقلتُ : يا رسولَ اللهِ ، أكَراهِيَةُ المَوتِ ، فَكُلُّنَا نَكْرَهُ المَوتَ ؟ قال : « لَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ ، ولكِنَّ المُؤْمِنَ إذَا بُشِّرَ بِرَحْمَةِ اللهِ وَرِضْوَانِهِ وَجَنَّتِهِ أحَبَّ لِقَاءَ اللهِ فَأَحَبَّ اللهُ لِقَاءهُ ، وإنَّ الكَافِرَ إذَا بُشِّرَ بِعَذابِ اللهِ وَسَخَطهِ كَرِهَ لِقَاءَ اللهِ وكَرِهَ اللهُ لِقَاءهُ » . رواه مسلم . هذا الحديث : رواه الطبراني عن معاوية وزاد : ( قالوا : يَا رسول الله ، كلنا نكره الموت . قال : « ليس ذلك كراهية الموت ، ولكن المؤمن إذا احتضر جاء البشير من الله بما هو صائر إليه ، فليس شيء أحب إليه من أن يكون قد لقي الله ، فأحب الله لقاءه ، وأن الفاجر إذا احتضر ، جاءه ما هو صائر إليه من الشر ، فكره لقاء الله ، فكره الله لقاءه » . ) .

1848. 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "He who loves to meet Allah, Allah loves to meet him; and he who dislikes to meet Allah, Allah abhors to meet him." I ('Aishah) said: "O Messenger of Allah! So far as the feelings of aversion against death is concerned, we all have this feeling." Thereupon he said, "I do not mean that. What I meant is that when a (true) believer is given the glad tidings of the Mercy of Allah, His Pleasures and His Jannah (at the time of death), he loves to meet Allah, and Allah also loves to meet him. When a disbeliever is given the news of the Torment of Allah and His Wrath (at the time of death), he dislikes to meet Allah and Allah also abhors to meet him."

[Muslim].

Commentary: The glad tidings of Jannah are given to the believers and the bad news of punishment are given to the disbelievers at the time of death. So a believer starts longing to meet Allah as a result of the good news he receives at that time, and the disbeliever begins to wish that he may not die and, therefore, avoid Allah's punishment as a result of the bad news he receives at that time.

[1849] وَعَنْ أُمِّ المُؤْمِنِينَ صَفِيَّةَ بنتِ حُيَيٍّ رَضيَ اللهُ عَنها ، قالتْ : كان النبيُّ مُعْتَكِفاً ، فَأَتَيْتُهُ أزُورُهُ لَيْلاً ، فَحَدَّثْتُهُ ثُمَّ قُمْتُ لأَنْقَلِبَ فَقَامَ مَعِي لِيَقْلِبَنِي ، فَمَرَّ رَجُلاَنِ مِنَ الأنْصَارِ رضيَ اللهُ عَنهُما ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيَا النَّبيَّ أسْرَعَا . فقال : « عَلَى رِسْلِكُمَا ، إنَّهَا صَفِيَّةُ بِنْتُ حُيَيٍّ » فَقَالا : سُبْحانَ اللهِ يَا رسولَ اللهِ ، فقالَ : « إنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَجْرِي مِنَ ابْنِ آدَمَ مَجْرَى الدَّمِ ، وَإنِّي خَشِيْتُ أَنْ يَقْذِفَ فِي قُلُوبِكُمَا شَرّاً - أَوْ قَالَ : شَيْئاً - » . متفق عليه . في هذا الحديث : دليل على جواز زيارة المرأة للمعتكف والتحدث معه ، والمشي مع الزائر ، وجواز اشتغال المعتكف بالأمور المباحة . وفيه : التحرز من التعرض لسوء الظن .

1849. Safiyyah bint Huyai (May Allah be pleased with him), the Mother of the Believers, said: I came to visit the Prophet (PBUH) while he was in the state of I'tikaf [(seclusion) in the mosque during the last ten days of Ramadan]. After having talked to him, I got up to return. The Prophet (PBUH) also got up with me and accompanied me a part of the way. At that moment two Ansari man passed by. When they saw him they quickened their pace. The Prophet (PBUH) said to them, "Do not hurry. She is Safiyyah, daughter of Huyai, my wife." They said: "Subhan Allah (Allah is free from imperfection)! O Messenger of Allah! (You are far away from any suspicion)." The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Satan circulates in a person like blood (in the blood streams). I apprehended lest Satan should drop some evil thoughts in your minds."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: Even just a passing thought of some thing undesirable about the Prophet (PBUH) is dangerous for belief. In order to put an end to this evil suspicion, he stopped the two Companions and explained to them the situation. This was done lest the devil may create some doubt in the mind of the two Companions. The conclusion is that, if at any place there is some far fetched chance of creation of bad opinion about somebody, then it is necessary to give an explanation lest some doubt may arise in some body's mind. This is particularly essential for 'Ulama', who should remain aloof from such occasions and places, lest the people may start doubting their integrity and piety.

[1850] وعن أبي الفضل العباس بن عبد المطلب قال : شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ يَومَ حُنَيْن ، فَلَزِمْتُ أنا وأبو سُفْيَانَ بن الحارثِ بن عبد المطلب رَسُول الله فَلَمْ نُفَارِقْهُ ، وَرسُولُ اللهِ عَلَى بَغْلَةٍ لَهُ بَيْضَاءَ ، فَلَمَّا التَقَى المُسْلِمُونَ وَالمُشْرِكُونَ ، وَلَّى المُسْلِمُونَ مُدْبِريِنَ ، فَطَفِقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ يَرْكُضُ بَغْلَتَهُ قِبلَ الكُفَّارِ ، وأنا آخِذٌ بِلِجَامِ بَغْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ أكُفُّهَا إرَادَةَ أنْ لا تُسْرِعَ ، وأبُو سُفْيَانَ آخِذٌ بِرِكَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ فقالَ رَسُولُ الله : « أيْ عَبَّاسُ ، نَادِ أصْحَابَ السَّمُرَةِ » . قالَ العَبَّاسُ - وَكَانَ رَجُلاً صَيِّتاً - فَقُلْتُ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِي : أيْنَ أصْحَابُ السَّمُرَةِ ، فَوَاللهِ لَكَأنَّ عَطْفَتَهُمْ حِينَ سَمِعُوا صَوْتِي عَطْفَةُ البَقَرِ عَلَى أَوْلاَدِهَا ، فقالوا : يَا لَبَّيْكَ يَا لَبَّيْكَ ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا هُمْ وَالكُفَّارُ ، وَالدَّعْوَةُ في الأنْصَارِ يَقُولُونَ : يَا مَعْشَرَ الأَنْصَارِ ، يَا مَعْشَرَ الأنْصَارِ ، ثُمَّ قَصُرَتِ الدَّعْوَةُ عَلَى بَنِي الحَارِثِ بْنِ الخَزْرَجِ ، فَنَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ وَهُوَ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ كَالمُتَطَاوِلِ عَلَيْهَا إلَى قِتَالِهِمْ ، فَقَالَ : « هَذَا حِينَ حَمِيَ الوَطِيسُ » ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللهِ حَصَيَاتٍ فَرَمَى بِهِنَّ وُجُوهَ الكُفَّارِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : « انْهَزَمُوا وَرَبِّ مُحَمَّدٍ » ، فَذَهَبْتُ أنْظُرُ فَإذَا القِتَالُ عَلَى هَيْئَتِهِ فِيما أرَى ، فَواللهِ مَا هُوَ إلا أنْ رَمَاهُمْ بِحَصَيَاتِهِ ، فَمَا زِلْتُ أرَى حَدَّهُمْ كَلِيلاً وَأَمْرَهُمْ مُدْبِراً . رواه مسلم .« الوَطِيسُ » التَّنُّورُ ، ومعناهُ : اشْتَدَّتِ الحَرْبُ . وقوله : « حَدَّهُمْ » هو بالحاء المهملة : أيْ بَأْسَهُمْ وَشِدَّتَهُمْ . قوله : ( ثُمَّ أَخَذَ رسول الله حصياتٍ ، فرمى بهنَّ وجوهَ الكفارِ ، ثم قال : « انهزموا وربِّ مُحَمَّدٍ » . ) . فيه : معجزة له كما قال تعالى في قصة بدر : ﴿ وَمَا رَمَيْتَ إِذْ رَمَيْتَ وَلَـكِنَّ اللّهَ رَمَى ﴾ [ الأنفال (17) ] .

1850. Al-'Abbas bin 'Abdul-Muttalib (May Allah be pleased with him) said: I was in the company of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) on the day of (the battle of) Hunain. Abu Sufyan bin Al-Harith and I did not leave the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) throughout the battle. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) was riding on his white mule. When the Muslims had an encounter with the pagans, Muslims took to their heels. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) began to urge his mule towards the disbelievers, holding the bridle of his mule. I was trying to restrain it from going very fast, and Abu Sufyan was holding the stirrup of the mule of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "O Abbas! Call out the People of As-Samurah [i.e., those people who had made the covenant under the tree (i.e., Bai'ah Ridwan)]." 'Abbas called out at the top of his voice: "Where are the People of As-Samurah." 'Abbas said: As soon as they heard my voice, they rushed towards the Prophet (PBUH) like a cow turning towards her calf. They were shouting: "Here we are." Soon they began to fight the infidels. Then there was a call for Ansar. Those who called out to them shouted: "O you the people of Ansar! O you the people of Ansar!" They ended their call at Banu Al-Harith bin Al-Khazraj. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) who was riding on his mule looked at their fight with his neck stretched forward and he said, "This is the time when the fight is raging hot." Then the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) took pebbles and threw them in the face of the disbelievers. He said, "By the Rubb of Muhammad, the disbelievers will be defeated." I continued to watch until I found that their force was subdued and they began to retreat.

[Muslim].

Commentary:

1. Here is the factual proof of the bravery and greatness of the Prophet (PBUH). We see that initially when the Companions were perturbed and they scattered here and there, he alone continued his march towards the enemy. He did not feel even the slightest fear or worry. In the end his steadfastness compelled others to return and fight the enemy.

2. In fact, they had not receded far. They had got confused for a while. The reason for this confusion was the continuous and sudden volley of arrows which was quite unexpected for them. However, at the call of Al-'Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) they at once turned back to fight. Had they gone far off, their sudden re-organisation and collecting again would not have been possible.

3. Here is the proof of a miracle of the Prophet (PBUH) as well; the throwing of few pebbles from his side caused the defeat of the enemy.

4. Here, the Muslims were taught a lesson that the real power in the battlefield is the strength of Belief and the Help of Allah. The position of the armaments and other things is secondary. So, one should not depend on these means and resources alone. Otherwise, one will certainly face defeat in spite of large number of soldiers and better means, as happened initially in the battle of Hunain. The trust should be on Allah and His Special Help. His Will alone is the deciding factor in every matter.

[1851] وعن أبي هريرة قال : قال رسولُ اللهِ : « أيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، إنَّ اللهَ طَيِّبٌ لا يَقْبَلُ إلا طَيِّباً ، وإنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى أَمَرَ المُؤمِنِينَ بِمَا أَمَرَ بِهِ المُرْسَلِينَ . فقالَ تعالى : ﴿ يَا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَاعْمَلُوا صَالِحاً ﴾ [ المؤمنون (51) ] . وقال تعالى : ﴿ يَا أيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ ﴾ [ البقرة (172) ] . ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الرَّجُلَ يُطِيلُ السَّفَرَ أشْعثَ أغْبَرَ يَمُدُّ يَدَيْهِ إلَى السَّمَاءِ : يَا رَبِّ يَا رَبِّ ، وَمَطْعَمُهُ حَرَامٌ ، وَمَشْرَبُهُ حَرَامٌ ، ومَلبسُهُ حرامٌ ، وَغُذِّيَ بالْحَرَامِ ، فَأَنَّى يُسْتَجَابُ لِذَلِكَ . ؟ رواه مسلم . هذا الحديث : قاعدة من قواعد الإسلام وأصول الأحكام . وفيه : إشارة إلى آداب الدعاء ، وإلى الأسباب التي تقتضي إجابته . قيل : إن اللدعاء جناحين : أكل الحلال ، وصدق المقال .

1851. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "O people! Allah is Pure and, therefore, accepts only that which is pure. Allah has commanded the believers as He has commanded His Messengers by saying: 'O Messengers! Eat of the good things, and do good deeds.' (23:51) And He said: 'O you who believe (in the Oneness of Allah - Islamic Monotheism)! Eat of the lawful things that We have provided you..."' (2:172). Then he (PBUH) made a mention of the person who travels for a long period of time, his hair are dishevelled and covered with dust. He lifts his hand towards the sky and thus makes the supplication: 'My Rubb! My Rubb!' But his food is unlawful, his drink is unlawful, his clothes are unlawful and his nourishment is unlawful, how can, then his supplication be accepted?"

[Muslim].

Commentary: For the grant of prayer, honest earning is essential. Allah accepts charity only if it has been earned in an honest way. Moreover, before any pious action, honest earning for living is essential; otherwise good actions will also go waste.

[1852] وعنه قال : قال رسولُ اللهِ : « ثَلاَثَةٌ لا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللهُ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ ، وَلا يُزَكِّيهِمْ ، وَلا يَنْظُرُ إلَيْهِمْ ، وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ : شَيْخٌ زَانٍ ، وَمَلِكٌ كَذَّابٌ ، وَعَائِلٌ مُسْتَكْبِرٌ » . رواه مسلم .« العَائِلُ » : الفَقِيرُ . الزنى ، والكذب ، والكبر ، حرام على كل أحد ، وخص هؤلاء الثلاثة بالوعيد ؛ لأن الشيخ ضعفت شهوته عن الوطء الحلال ، فكيف بالحرام ! وكمل عقله ومعرفته بطول ما مر عليه من الزمان ، وإنما يدعو إلى الزنى غلبة الشهوة ، وقلة المعرفة ، وضعف العقل الحاصل من الشباب ، والإمام لا يخاف من أحد وإنما يحتاج إلى الكذب من يريد مصانعة من يحذره ، والعائل قد عدم المال الذي هو سبب الفخر والخيلاء ، فكان إقدامهم على المعصية من المعاندة والاستخفاف بحق الله تعالى .

1852. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "There are three (types of) people whom Allah will neither speak to on the Day of Resurrection nor will He purify them (i.e., from their sins), nor will look upon them; and they will have a painful chastisement. These are: An old man who commits fornication; a king who is a great liar and a poor man who is proud."

[Muslim]

Commentary: From here it can be concluded that if it is easy for someone to avoid a sin and he does not remain away from it, then he is a greater sinner than a person for whom it is comparatively difficult to avoid that sin.

[1853] وعنهُ قال : قال رسولُ اللهِ : « سَيْحَانُ وَجَيْحَانُ وَالفُرَاتُ وَالنِّيلُ كُلٌّ مِنْ أَنْهَارِ الجَنَّةِ » . رواه مسلم . قال السيوطي : هو على ظاهره ، ولها مادة إلى الجنة .

1853. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Saihan (Oxus), Jaihan (Jaxartes), Al-Furat (Euphrates) and An-Nil (Nile) are all from the rivers of Jannah."

[Muslim].

Commentary: This Hadith shows the superiority of these rivers. This superiority is manifested in the purity of their water and the spread of Islam all around them. Some scholars like Imam As-Suyuti take the meaning of this Hadith literally. In any case, only Allah knows their reality.

Saihan and Jaihan are two rivers in the country of Syria. These are different from Saihun and Jaihan in the territory of Khurasan (see Mu'jam Al-Buldan of Baladhri, 2/227; 3/333). Some maintain that Saihun is in India and Jaihun in Khurasan, the Euphrates and the Nile are well-known.

[1854] وعنه قال : أخَذَ رسُولُ اللهِ بِيَدِي فَقَالَ : « خَلَقَ اللهُ التُّرْبَةَ يَومَ السَّبْتِ ، وَخَلَقَ فيها الجِبَالَ يَومَ الأحَدِ ، وَخَلَقَ الشَّجَرَ يَومَ الإثْنَينِ ، وَخَلَقَ المَكْرُوهَ يَومَ الثُّلاَثَاءِ ، وَخَلَقَ النُّورَ يَوْمَ الأربِعَاءِ ، وَبَثَّ فِيهَا الدَّوابَّ يَومَ الخَمِيسِ ، وَخَلَقَ آدَمَ بَعْدَ العَصْرِ مِنْ يَومِ الجُمُعَةِ في آخِرِ الخَلْقِ فِي آخِرِ سَاعَةٍ مِنَ النَّهَارِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ العَصْرِ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ » . رواه مسلم . قوله : ( أخذ رسول الله بيدي ) طلب للتيقظ من الغفلة إن كانت . قال البغوي : على قوله تعالى : ﴿ إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ اللّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ﴾ [ الأعراف (54) ] . أراد به في مقدار ستة أيام ؛ لأن اليوم من لدن طلوع الشمس إلى غروبها ، ولم يكن يومئذ يوم ولا شمس ولا سماء . وقيل : ستة أيام الآخرة ، وكل يوم كألف سنة . وقيل : كأيام الدنيا . قال سعيد بن جبير : كان الله عزَّ وجلّ قادرًا على خلق السموات والأرض في لمحة ولحظة ، فخلقهن في ستة أيام تعليمًا لخلقه التثبت والتأني في الأمور . وقال ابن كثير : وأول الستة الأيام الأحد ، فأما يوم السبت فلم يقع فيه خلق . ولهذا تكلم البخاري وغير واحد من الحفاظ في هذا الحديث ، وجعلوه من رواية أبي هريرة عن كعب الأحبار ليس مرفوعًا ، والله أعلم ، انتهى ملخصًا .

1854. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) took hold of my hand and said, "Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, created the earth on Saturday, the mountains on Sunday, the trees on Monday, the things entailing labour on Tuesday, light on Wednesday, He spread out animals of all kinds on Thursday, and created Adam in the afternoon on Friday, and it was the last hour of Friday between the afternoon and the night."

[Muslim].

Commentary: What does "Day" mean, and how long can it be? Its reality only Allah knows. We observe a day of 24 hours. However, the days of the formation of the universe are evidently different from our earthly days. According to the Arabic language, a day may mean just a moment, but also aeons of time. In the Qur'an also, Allah has mentioned that a 'day' may be of one thousand or fifty thousand years. Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir mentions in his Tafsir (1/69) that this is one of the Ahadith classified as Gharib (strange) in Sahih Muslim. Ibn Al-Madini, Al-Bukhari and many others have spoken about it, and have attributed to Ka'b Al-Ahbar; and it may be that Abu Hurairah heard it from Ka'b Al-Ahbar, but some narrators attributed it to the Prophet (PBUH). See Al-Bukhari's commentary in At-Tarikh Al-Kabir (1/413).

[1855] وعن أَبي سليمان خالد بن الوليد قَالَ : لَقَدِ انْقَطَعتْ في يَدِي يَوْمَ مُؤْتَةَ تِسْعَةُ أسْيَافٍ ، فَمَا بَقِيَ فِي يَدِي إِلا صَفِيحَةٌ يَمَانِيَّةٌ . رواه البخاري . مؤتة : موضع بقرب الشام ، وكانت في جمادى سنة ثمان .

1855. Abu Sulaiman Khalid bin Al-Walid (May Allah be pleased with him) said: In the battle of Mu'tah, seven swords were broken in my hand, and all that remained with me was a Yemeni sword.

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: Mu'tah is a place near Syria. The battle which took place here is known as the battle of Mu'tah. This Hadith mentions the bravery and superiority of Khalid bin Al-Walid.

[1856] وعن عمرو بن العاص : أنَّه سَمِعَ رسولَ اللهِ يقولُ : « إِذَا حَكَمَ الحَاكِمُ فَاجْتَهَدَ ، ثُمَّ أصَابَ ، فَلَهُ أجْرَانِ ، وَإِذَا حَكَمَ وَاجْتَهَدَ ، فَأَخْطَأَ ، فَلَهُ أَجْرٌ » . متفق عَلَيْهِ . قوله : « فله أجران » ، أي : أجر لاجتهاده ، وأجر لإصابته . قوله : « وإن حكم واجتهد فأخطأ ، فله أجر » ، أي : لاجتهاده . وقد قال الله تعالى : ﴿ فَفَهَّمْنَاهَا سُلَيْمَانَ وَكُلا آتَيْنَا حُكْماً وَعِلْماً ﴾ [ الأنبياء (79) ] .

1856. 'Amr bin 'Al-'As (May Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) saying, "When a judge utilizes his skill of judgement and comes to a right decision, he will have a double reward, but when he uses his judgement and commits a mistake, he will have a single reward."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Commentary: In such matters about which there is no clear command or instruction in the Qur'an and Sunnah, the problem is decided keeping in view similar and resembling cases. This mode of deciding about its being permitted or prohibited is called Ijtihad.

Evidently, this process can be employed by only such a person who has full command about the various branches of knowledge pertaining to Qur'an and Sunnah. Not every person can do it nor is supposed to do it. There is also a famous proverb that says: 'Little knowledge is a dangerous thing.'

From here we conclude that the ruler, judge or a bureaucrat in a Muslim country should be a learned scholar, i.e., an 'Alim well versed in Qur'an and Sunnah; so that he can interpret the laws of Islam with utmost care and in a befitting and sincere manner. He should do the job sincerely and with a pious intention. With such mode of work, he will be bestowed with reward in every case. However, if his interpretation is correct, he will receive a double reward.

[1857] وعن عائشة رَضِيَ اللهُ عنها : أنَّ النبي قَالَ : « الحُمَّى مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ فَأَبْرِدُوهَا بِالمَاءِ » . متفق عَلَيْهِ . قيل : الخطاب خاص بأهل الحجاز ، وما والاهم إذ كانت أكثر الحميات تعرض لهم من العرضية الحادثة عن شدة الحرارة ، وهذه ينفعها الماء البارد شربًا واغتسالاً . قال ابن القيم : فالخطاب وإن كان لفظًا عامًا ، إلا أن المراد به خاص . وأخرج ابن أبي شيبة عن الأسود قال : سألت عائشة عن النشرة ، فقالت : ما تصنعون بهذا ؟ فهذا الفرات إلى جانبكم من أصابه نفس ، أو سم ، أو سحر ، فليأت الفرات ، فليستقبل ، فينغمس فيه سبع مرات .

1857. 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "Fever comes from the vehement raging of Hell, so cool it with water."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: The treatment mentioned in the narration is quite correct. In many cases doctors also suggest that the patient should be cooled and the body temperature lowered by cold compress, i.e., placing cloth dipped in cold water on the body.

[1858] وعنها رَضِيَ اللهُ عنها عن النبي قَالَ : « مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صَومٌ ، صَامَ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ » . متفق عَلَيْهِ .وَالمُخْتَارُ جَوَازُ الصَّومِ عَمَّنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صَوْمٌ لِهَذَا الحَدِيثِ ، وَالمُرادُ بالوَلِيِّ : القَرِيبُ وَارِثاً كَانَ أَوْ غَيْرَ وَارِثٍ . في هذا الحديث : مشروعية الصيام عن الميت ، فيتخير الولي بين الصيام والإطعام .

1858. 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "If a person dies without observing Saum (fasts), his Wali should make it up on his behalf."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Commentary: Sheikh Al-Albani says that this fasting refers to fasting of vow and not the fasting of Ramadan.

Sheikh Al-Albani has particularized the narration by 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) with the help of the narration of Ibn 'Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them), in which the fasting of vow is specifically mentioned. The reason is that in the bodily worship, acting on the behalf of others is not permitted. As one cannot act or perform any bodily worship on behalf of others, similarly it is not allowed to do so after somebody's death. However, if in any particular case, there is a ruling in the Qur'an or Sunnah then in that particular matter deputizing would be allowed. In such case the permission should be limited to that particular matter only. For example it is specifically mentioned in the Hadith that the Wali, i.e., the guardian or inheritor of the dead person can observe the fasting of vow taken by the deceased person to Allah. However, no offering of other bodily worship, such as Salat, will be permitted on behalf of the deceased person.

[1859] وعن عوف بن مالِك بن الطُّفَيْلِ : أنَّ عائشة رَضِيَ اللهُ عنها ، حُدِّثَتْ أنَّ عبدَ اللهِ بن الزبير رضي الله عنهما ، قَالَ في بَيْعٍ أَوْ عَطَاءٍ أعْطَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عنها : واللهِ لَتَنْتَهِيَنَّ عَائِشَةُ أَوْ لأَحْجُرَنَّ عَلَيْهَا ، قالَتْ : أَهُوَ قَالَ هَذَا ! قالوا : نَعَمْ . قَالَتْ : هُوَ للهِ عَلَيَّ نَذْرٌ أنْ لا أُكَلِّمَ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ أَبَدًا ، فَاسْتَشْفَعَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ إِلَيْهَا حِيْنَ طَالَتِ الهِجْرَةُ . فَقَالَتْ : لا ، واللهِ لا أشْفَعُ فِيهِ أبدًا ، وَلا أَتَحَنَّثُ إِلَى نَذْرِي . فَلَمَّا طَالَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى ابْنِ الزُّبَيرِ كَلَّمَ المِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ ، وَعبدَ الرحْمَنِ بْنَ الأسْوَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ يَغُوثَ وقَالَ لَهُمَا : أنْشُدُكُمَا اللهَ لَمَا أدْخَلْتُمَانِي عَلَى عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عنها ، فَإنَّهَا لا يَحِلُّ لَهَا أنْ تَنْذِرَ قَطِيعَتِي ، فَأقْبَلَ بِهِ المِسْوَرُ ، وَعَبدُ الرحْمَنِ حَتَّى اسْتَأذَنَا عَلَى عَائِشَةَ فَقَالا : السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكِ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ ، أنَدْخُلُ ؟ قالت عَائِشَةُ : ادْخُلُوا . قالوا : كُلُّنَا ؟ قالتْ : نَعَمْ ادْخُلُوا كُلُّكُمْ ، وَلا تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ معَهُمَا ابْنَ الزُّبَيرِ ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا دَخَلَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيرِ الحِجَابَ فَاعْتَنَقَ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عنها ، وَطَفِقَ يُنَاشِدُهَا وَيَبْكِي ، وَطَفِقَ المِسْوَرُ ، وَعَبدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يُنَاشِدَانِهَا إِلا كَلَّمَتْهُ وَقَبِلَتْ مِنْهُ ، وَيَقُولانِ : إنَّ النَّبِيَّ نَهَى عَمَّا قَدْ عَلِمْتِ مِنَ الهِجْرَةِ ؛ وَلا يَحِلُّ لِمُسْلِمٍ أنْ يَهْجُرَ أَخَاهُ فَوقَ ثَلاَثِ لَيَالٍ ، فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرُوا عَلَى عَائِشَة مِنَ التَّذْكِرَةِ وَالتَّحْرِيجِ ، طَفِقَتْ تُذَكرُهُمَا وَتَبْكِي ، وَتَقُولُ : إنِّي نَذَرْتُ وَالنَّذْرُ شَدِيدٌ ، فَلَمْ يَزَالا بِهَا حَتَّى كَلَّمَتِ ابْنَ الزُّبَيرِ ، وأعْتَقَتْ فِي نَذْرِهَا ذَلِكَ أرْبَعِينَ رَقَبَةً ، وَكَانَتْ تَذْكُرُ نَذْرَهَا بَعدَ ذَلِكَ فَتَبكِي حَتَّى تَبِلَّ دُمُوعُهَا خِمَارَهَا . رواه البخاري . قوله : « وأعتقت في نذرها ذلك أربعين رقبة » ، وذلك من مزيد ورعها ، وإلا فالواجب رقبة واحدة .

1859. 'Auf bin Malik (May Allah be pleased with him) said: 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) as told that 'Abdullah bin Az-Zubair (May Allah be pleased with them) had said in respect of selling of a gift which was presented to her: "By Allah! If 'Aishah does not stop this kind of thing, I will declare her incompetent to administer her property." 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) asked: "Did He ('Abdullah bin Az-Zubair) say so?" The people said: "Yes." 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: "I vow it before Allah that I will never speak to Ibn Az-Zubair." When this desertion lasted long, 'Abdullah bin Az-Zubair sought intercession with her, but she said: "By Allah I will not accept the intercession of anyone for him, and I will not commit a sin of breaking my vow." When this state of affairs was prolonged, Ibn Az-Zubair felt it hard on him. He said to Al-Miswar bin Makhramah and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Al-Aswad bin Yaghut: "I beseech you in the Name of Allah that you should take me to 'Aishah because it is unlawful for her to vow to sever relations with me." So Al-Miswar and 'Abdur-Rahman took him with them. They sought her permission, saying: "As-salamu 'alaika wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu! Shall we come in?" 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: "Come in," They asked: "All of us?" She said: "All of you," not knowing that Ibn Az-Zubair was also with them. So, when they entered, Ibn Az-Zubair entered the screened place and got hold of 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her), his aunt. He was requesting her to forgive him and wept. Al-Miswar and 'Abdur-Rahman also pleaded on his behalf and requested her to speak to him and to accept his repentance. They said to her: "The Prophet (PBUH) forbade to cut off relationship because it is unlawful for any Muslim not to talk to his (Muslim) brother (or sister, for that matter) for more than three (days)." So when they persisted in urging and reminding her of the superiority of having good relation with kith and kin, she began to weep, saying: "I have made a vow which is a matter of very serious nature." They persisted in their appeal till she spoke with 'Abdullah bin Az-Zubair, and she freed forty slaves as an expiation for breaking her vow. Later on, whenever she remembered her vow, she would weep so much that her veil would become wet with tears.

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: 'Abdullah bin Az-Zubair (May Allah be pleased with him) was the real nephew of 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her). She had made a vow that she would not talk to her nephew. She thought that such an oath was permissible as her nephew (the then governor of Makkah) had shown his intention to put a ban on the spending of 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her). In his opinion, she was spending very lavishly in charity. Later 'Abdullah bin Az-Zubair (May Allah be pleased with him) realized his mistake and went to his aunt to seek forgiveness along with two persons as recommenders. After this, it was proper for her to break her oath and resume her relations with him. The expiation for breaking a vow is the same as that of breaking an oath, i.e., to feed ten indigent people on a scale of the average for the food of one's family, or cloth them, or give a slave his freedom. If one cannot afford any of these things, then he should fast for three days. (See Qur'an, 5:89) But 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her), in her generosity, bought forty slaves and freed them.

[1860] وعن عُقْبَةَ بن عامِرٍ أنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ خَرَجَ إِلَى قَتْلَى أُحُدٍ ، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ بَعْدَ ثَمَانِ سِنينَ كَالمُوَدِّعِ لِلأَحْيَاءِ وَالأَمْوَاتِ ، ثُمَّ طَلَعَ إِلَى المِنْبَرِ ، فَقَالَ : « إنِّي بَيْنَ أيْدِيكُمْ فَرَطٌ وَأَنَا شَهِيدٌ عَلَيْكُمْ وإنَّ مَوْعِدَكُمُ الحَوْضُ ، وإنِّي لأَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ مَقَامِي هَذَا ، أَلا وإنِّي لَسْتُ أَخْشَى عَلَيْكُمْ أنْ تُشْرِكُوا ، وَلَكِنْ أخْشَى عَلَيْكُمُ الدُّنْيَا أنْ تَنَافَسُوهَا » قَالَ : فَكَانَتْ آخِرَ نَظْرَةٍ نَظَرْتُهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ . متفق عَلَيْهِ . وفي رواية : « وَلَكِنِّي أَخْشَى عَلَيْكُمُ الدُّنْيَا أنْ تَنَافَسُوا فِيهَا ، وَتَقْتَتِلُوا فَتَهْلِكُوا كما هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ » . قَالَ عُقْبَةُ : فكانَ آخِرَ مَا رَأيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلَى المِنْبَرِ . وفي روايةٍ قَالَ : « إنِّي فَرَطٌ لَكُمْ وَأنَا شَهِيدٌ عَلَيْكُمْ وإنِّي واللهِ لأَنْظُرُ إِلَى حَوْضِي الآنَ ، وإنِّي أُعْطِيتُ مَفَاتِيحَ خَزَائِنِ الأَرْضِ ، أَوْ مَفَاتِيحَ الأرْضِ ، وإنِّي واللهِ مَا أخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ أنْ تُشْرِكُوا بَعْدِي ، وَلَكِنْ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تَنَافَسُوا فِيهَا » . وَالمُرَادُ بِالصَّلاَةِ عَلَى قَتْلَى أُحُدٍ : الدُّعَاءُ لَهُمْ ، لا الصَّلاَةُ المَعْرُوفَةُ . فيه : النهي عن التنافس في الدنيا ، فإن التنافس فيها سبب للهلاك الديني والدنيوي .

1860. 'Uqbah bin 'Amir (May Allah be pleased with him) said: One day the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) went out and asked Allah's forgiveness for the martyrs of the battle of Uhud after eight years. It seemed that by so doing, he bid farewell to the living and the dead. He then came back, rose to the pulpit and said, "I shall be your precursor; I am a witness for you (before Allah), and I will be present before you at the River (Haud Al-Kauthar). By Allah I can see with my own eyes the Haud from this place. I am not afraid that you will associate anything with Allah in worship after (my demise), but I apprehend that you will vie with one another for the life of the world." The narrator said: It was the last time that I saw the Messenger of Allah (PBUH).

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

There are some more narrations with very minor changes in its wording.

Commentary: This Hadith highlights the following points:

1. Haud Al-Kauthar exists: Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: When the Prophet (PBUH) was made to ascend to the heavens, he said (after his return), "I came upon a river (in Jannah) the banks of which were made of tents of hollow pearls. I asked Jibril (PBUH), 'What is this (river)?' He replied, 'This is the Kauthar."' (Al-Bukhari, vol. 6, Hadith No. 488).

2. Warning against vying with one another for the world.

3. Permissibility of visiting the graves of the Muslims and praying for them.

[1861] وعن أَبي زيد عمرِو بن أخْطَبَ الأنصاريِّ قَالَ : صلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ الفَجْرَ ، وَصَعِدَ المِنْبَرَ ، فَخَطَبَنَا حَتَّى حَضَرَتِ الظُّهْرُ ، فَنَزَلَ فَصَلَّى ، ثُمَّ صَعِدَ المِنْبَرَ حَتَّى حَضَرَتِ العَصْرُ ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى ، ثُمَّ صَعِدَ المِنْبَرَ حَتَّى غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ ، فَأَخْبَرَنَا بِمَا كَانَ وَبِمَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ ، فَأَعْلَمُنَا أَحْفَظُنَا . رواه مسلم . فيه : معجزة له بخرق الأوقات ، والمباركة فيها ، حتى اتسعت لنشر ذلك كله ، وذكره .

1861. Abu Zaid 'Amr bin Akhtab Al-Ansari (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) led us in the morning (Fajr) prayer and he ascended the pulpit and addressed us until it was the time for the Zuhr prayer. He then came down the pulpit and led us in Salat (prayer). Again he ascended the pulpit and addressed until it was the time for the 'Asr prayer. He then again came down, led us in Salat and again ascended the pulpit and addressed us until sunset. He informed us of everything that lay hidden in the past and what will happen in the future; and the most learned amongst us is the one who has preserved it in his memory.

[Muslim].

Commentary: Future events refer to happenings and incidents which will occur near the end of the world prior to the Day of Resurrection.

[1862] وعن عائشة رَضِيَ اللهُ عنها ، قالت : قَالَ النَّبيُّ : « مَنْ نَذَرَ أنْ يُطِيعَ اللهَ فَلْيُطِعْهُ ، وَمَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَعْصِيَ اللهَ فَلا يَعْصِهِ » . رواه البخاري . الحديث دليل على وجوب النذر في الطاعة ، وإن نذر المعصية لا ينعقد . ولأبي داود من حديث ابن عباس مرفوعًا : « من نذر نذرًا لم يسمه ، فكفارته كفارة يمين ، ومن نذر نذرًا في معصية ، فكفارته كفارة يمين ، ومن نذر نذرًا لا يطيقه فكفارته كفارة يمين » .

1862. 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "He who vows to obey Allah, should obey Him. But he who vows to disobey Allah, should not disobey Him."

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: This Hadith makes it clear that if someone vows to do a righteous deed, he should keep his vow; but if he vows to commit a sin, he should break his vow.

[1863] وعن أمِّ شَرِيكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عنها : أنَّ رسولَ اللهِ أمرها بِقَتْلِ الأَوْزَاغِ وقال : « كَانَ يَنْفُخُ عَلَى إبْرَاهِيمَ » . متفق عَلَيْهِ .

1863. Umm Sharik (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) ordered me to kill chameleon. He also said, "It blew (fire) on Prophet Ibrahim.

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

[1864] وعن أَبي هريرة قَالَ : قَالَ رسولُ اللهِ : « مَنْ قَتَلَ وَزَغَةً فِي أَوَّلِ ضَرْبَةٍ فَلَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا حَسَنَةً ، وَمَنْ قَتَلَهَا في الضَّرْبَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ فَلَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا حَسَنَةً دُونَ الأولَى ، وَإنْ قَتَلَهَا فِي الضَّرْبَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَلَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا حَسَنَةً » .وفي رواية : « مَنْ قَتَلَ وَزَغَاً في أَوَّلِ ضَرْبَةٍ كُتِبَ لَهُ مِئَةُ حَسَنَةٍ ، وفي الثَّانِيَةِ دُونَ ذَلِكَ ، وفي الثَّالِثَةِ دُونَ ذَلِكَ » . رواه مسلم .قَالَ أهلُ اللُّغة : « الوَزَغُ » العِظَامُ مِنْ سَامَّ أَبْرَصَ . الأمر بقتل الأوزاغ لعظم ضررها مع ما فيها من عداوة خيار العباد ، وهو وإن لم يكن لنفخه تأثير في النار ، إلا أن فيه إظهارًا للعداوة . قال النووي : اتفقوا على أن الوزغ من الحشرات المؤذية ، وأمر النبي بقتله ، وحث عليه لكونه من المؤذيات . وأما سبب تكثيره في قتله بأول ضربة ، ثم ما يليها ، فالمقصود به الحث على المبالغة بقتله ، والاعتناء به ، وتحريض قاتله على أن يقتله بأول ضربة ، فإنه إذا أراد أن يضربه ضربات ، ربما انفلت وفات قتله .

1864. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "He who kills a chameleon at the first blow, such and such number of good deeds will be awarded to him; whoever kills it at the second blow, such and such number of merits will be recorded for him. And if he kills it at the third blow, he will get such and such merits."

Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "If anyone kills a chameleon with the first blow, a hundred good deeds will be recorded for him; less than that will be recorded for him if he kills it at the second blow, and still less rewards will be recorded for him if he kills it at the third blow."

[Muslim].

Commentary: Here, it is mentioned that the killing of a chameleon in one stroke is very commendable. Similar is the case of killing of other harmful insects and reptiles such as scorpions, and snakes. This shows that even a slight help in good or bad actions will be counted and rewarded or punished as the case may be. The matter of quantity is not so important, but the real thing is the intention and real motive. It could be that the chameleon did, in fact, blew fire on Ibrahim; or it could be that it simply refers to the chameleon's harmful nature to human beings. Allah knows better.

[1865] وعن أَبي هريرة أنَّ رَسُول اللهِ قَالَ : « قَالَ رَجُلٌ لأَتَصَدَّقَنَّ بِصَدَقَةٍ ، فَخَرَجَ بِصَدَقَتِهِ فَوَضَعَهَا فِي يَدِ سَارِقٍ ، فَأَصْبَحُوا يَتَحَدَّثُونَ : تُصُدِّقَ عَلَى سَارِقٍ ! فَقَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الحَمْدُ لأتَصَدَّقَنَّ بِصَدَقَةٍ ، فَخَرَجَ بِصَدَقَتِهِ فَوَضَعَهَا في يَدِ زَانِيَةٍ ؛ فَأصْبَحُوا يَتَحَدَّثُونَ : تُصُدِّقَ اللَّيْلَةَ عَلَى زَانِيَةٍ ! فَقَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الحَمْدُ عَلَى زَانِيَةٍ ! لأتَصَدَّقَنَّ بِصَدَقَةٍ ، فَخَرَجَ بِصَدَقَتِهِ فوَضَعَهَا في يَدِ غَنِيٍّ ، فَأَصْبَحُوا يَتَحَدَّثُونَ : تُصُدِّقَ عَلَى غَنِيٍّ ؟ فَقَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الحَمْدُ عَلَى سَارِقٍ وَعَلَى زَانِيَةٍ وعلى غَنِيٍّ ! فَأُتِيَ فقيل لَهُ : أمَّا صَدَقَتُكَ عَلَى سارقٍ فَلَعَلَّهُ أنْ يَسْتَعِفَّ عَنْ سَرِقَتِهِ ، وأمَّا الزَّانِيَةُ فَلَعَلَّهَا تَسْتَعِفُّ عَنْ زِنَاهَا ، وأمَّا الغَنِيُّ فَلَعَلَّهُ أَنْ يَعْتَبِرَ فَيُنْفِقَ مِمَّا آتََاهُ اللهُ » . رواه البخاري بلفظه ومسلم بمعناه . قال البخاري : باب إذا تصدق على غني ، وهو لا يعلم . وذكر الحديث . قال الحافظ : أي فصدقته مقبولة . وفيه : أن نية المتصدق إذا كانت صالحة ، قبلت صدقته ولو لم تقع الموقع . وفيه : فضل صدقة السر ، وفضل الإخلاص ، واستحباب إعادة الصدقة إذا لم تقع في الموقع . وأن الحكم للظاهر حتى يتبين سواه ، وبركة التسليم ، والرضا ، وذم التضجر بالقضاء ، كما قال بعض السلف : لا تقطع الخدمة ، ولو ظهر لك عدم القبول . انتهى ملخصًا .

1865. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: "A man (from amongst the people before you) said: 'Indeed! I will give in charity.' So he took his Sadaqah out and placed it in a thief's hand. In the morning the people were talking (about this incident) and saying: 'Sadaqah was given to a thief last night.' The man said: 'O Allah! Praise be to You. I have given Sadaqah to a thief. Indeed, I will give in charity!' So he took his Sadaqah out and he placed it in a prostitute's hand. In the morning the people were talking (about this incident) and saying: 'Sadaqah was given to a prostitute last night.' On hearing this, the man said: 'Praise be to You, O Allah! I gave Sadaqah to a prostitute. Indeed, I will give in charity!' So he took his Sadaqah out and placed it in a rich man's hand. In the morning the people were talking (about this incident) and saying: 'Sadaqah was given to a rich man last night.' The man said: 'O Allah! Praise be to You (for helping me) give charity to a thief, a prostitute and a rich man.' Then he had a dream in which he was told that his Sadaqah to the thief might result in his refraining from his theft, his Sadaqah to the prostitute might help her abstain from her immorality, and his Sadaqah to the rich man might help him pay heed and spend from what Allah had bestowed upon him."

[Al-Bukhari].

Commentary: If the intention of the person giving away something in charity is good, it will be accepted and rewarded by Allah even though it may be given to an undeserving person. However, it is better to give charity to deserving, pious people.

[1866] وعنه قَالَ : كنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ في دَعْوَةٍ فَرُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ الذِّرَاعُ ، وَكَانَتْ تُعْجِبُهُ ، فَنَهَسَ مِنْهَا نَهْسَةً وقال : « أنا سَيِّدُ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ ، هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مِمَّ ذَاكَ ؟ يَجْمَعُ اللهُ الأوَّلِينَ وَالآخِرِينَ في صَعِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ ، فَيُبْصِرُهُمُ النَّاظِرُ ، وَيُسْمِعُهُمُ الدَّاعِي ، وَتَدْنُو مِنْهُمُ الشَّمْسُ ، فَيَبْلُغُ النَّاس مِنَ الغَمِّ وَالكَرْبِ مَا لا يُطِيقُونَ وَلا يَحْتَمِلُونَ ، فَيقُولُ النَّاسُ : أَلا تَرَوْنَ إلى مَا أنْتُمْ فِيهِ إِلَى مَا بَلَغَكُمْ ، ألا تَنْظُرُونَ مَنْ يَشْفَعُ لَكُمْ إِلَى رَبِّكُمْ ؟ فَيقُولُ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ لِبَعْضٍ : أبُوكُمْ آدَمُ ، وَيَأتُونَهُ فَيقُولُونَ : يَا آدَمُ أنْتَ أَبُو البَشَرِ ، خَلَقَكَ اللهُ بِيَدِهِ ، وَنَفَخَ فِيكَ مِنْ رُوحِهِ ، وأمَرَ المَلاَئِكَةَ فَسَجَدُوا لَكَ ، وأسْكَنَكَ الجَنَّةَ ، ألا تَشْفَعُ لَنَا إِلَى رَبِّكَ ؟ ألا تَرَى إِلَى مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ وَمَا بَلَغْنَا ؟ فَقَالَ : إنَّ رَبِّي غَضِبَ اليَوْمَ غَضَباً لَمْ يَغْضَبْ قَبْلَهُ مِثْلَهُ ، وَلا يَغْضَبُ بَعْدَهُ مِثْلَهُ ، وَإنَّهُ نَهَانِي عَنِ الشَّجَرَةِ فَعَصَيْتُ ، نَفْسِي نَفْسِي نَفْسِي ، اذْهَبُوا إِلَى غَيْرِي ، اذْهَبُوا إِلَى نُوحٍ ، فَيَأتُونَ نوحاً فَيَقُولُونَ : يَا نُوحُ ، أنْتَ أوَّلُ الرُّسُلِ إِلَى أهلِ الأرْضِ ، وَقَدْ سَمَّاكَ اللهُ عَبْداً شَكُوراً ، ألا تَرَى إِلَى مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ ، ألا تَرَى إِلَى مَا بَلَغْنَا ، ألا تَشْفَعُ لَنَا إِلَى رَبِّكَ ؟ فَيقُولُ : إنَّ رَبِّي غَضِبَ اليَوْمَ غَضَباً لَمْ يَغْضَبْ قَبْلَهُ مِثْلَهُ ، وَلَنْ يَغْضَبَ بَعْدَهُ مِثْلَهُ ، وَإنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَتْ لِي دَعْوَةٌ دَعَوْتُ بِهَا عَلَى قَوْمِي ، نَفْسِي نَفْسِي نَفْسِي ، اذْهَبُوا إِلَى غَيْرِي اذْهَبُوا إِلَى إبْرَاهِيمَ ، فَيَأتُونَ إبْرَاهِيمَ فَيقُولُونَ : يَا إبْرَاهِيمُ ، أنْتَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ وَخَلِيلُهُ مِنْ أهْلِ الأرْضِ ، اشْفَعْ لَنَا إِلَى رَبِّكَ ، ألا تَرَى إِلَى مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ ؟ فَيقُولُ لَهُمْ : إنَّ رَبِّي قَدْ غَضِبَ اليَوْمَ غَضَباً لَمْ يَغْضَبْ قَبْلَهُ مِثْلَهُ ، وَلَنْ يَغْضَبَ بَعْدَهُ مِثْلَهُ ، وَإنَّي كُنْتُ كَذَبْتُ ثَلاثَ كَذبَاتٍ ؛ نَفْسِي نَفْسِي نَفْسِي ، اذْهَبُوا إِلَى غَيْرِي ، اذْهَبُوا إِلَى مُوسَى ، فَيَأتُونَ مُوسَى فَيقُولُونَ : يَا مُوسَى أنَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ، فَضَّلَكَ اللهُ بِرسَالاَتِهِ وَبِكَلاَمِهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ ، اشْفَعْ لَنَا إِلَى رَبِّكَ ، ألا تَرَى إِلَى مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ ؟ فيقُولُ : إنَّ رَبِّي قَدْ غَضِبَ اليَوْمَ غَضَباً لَمْ يَغْضَبْ قَبْلَهُ مِثْلَهُ ، وَلَنْ يَغْضَبَ بَعْدَهُ مِثْلَهُ ، وَإنَّي قَدْ قَتَلْتُ نَفْساً لَمْ أُومَرْ بِقَتْلِهَا ، نَفْسِي نَفْسِي نَفْسِي ، اذْهَبُوا إِلَى غَيْرِي ؛ اذْهَبُوا إِلَى عِيسَى . فَيَأتُونَ عِيسَى فَيَقُولُونَ : يَا عِيسَى ، أنْتَ رَسُولُ الله وَكَلِمَتُهُ ألْقَاهَا إِلَى مَرْيَمَ وَرُوحٌ مِنْهُ ، وَكَلَّمْتَ النَّاسَ في المَهْدِ ، اشْفَعْ لَنَا إِلَى رَبِّكَ ، ألا تَرَى إِلَى مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ ؟ فيَقُولُ عِيسَى : إنَّ رَبِّي قَدْ غَضِبَ اليَوْمَ غَضَباً لَمْ يَغْضَبْ قَبْلَهُ مِثْلَهُ ، وَلَنْ يَغْضَبَ بَعْدَهُ مِثْلَهُ ، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ ذَنْباً ، نَفْسِي نَفْسِي نَفْسِي ، اذْهَبُوا إِلَى غَيْرِي ، اذْهَبُوا إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ . فيأتون مُحَمَّدًا » . وفي روايةٍ : « فَيَأتُونِي فَيَقُولُونَ : يَا مُحَمَّدُ أنتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ وخَاتَمُ الأنْبِياءِ ، وَقَدْ غَفَرَ اللهُ لَكَ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِكَ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ ، اشْفَعْ لَنَا إِلَى رَبِّكَ ، ألا تَرَى إِلَى مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ ؟ فَأنْطَلِقُ فَآتِي تَحْتَ العَرْشِ فَأَقَعُ سَاجِداً لِرَبِّي ، ثُمَّ يَفْتَحُ اللهُ عَلَيَّ مِنْ مَحَامِدِهِ ، وَحُسْنِ الثَّنَاءِ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئاً لَمْ يَفْتَحْهُ عَلَى أحَدٍ قَبْلِي ، ثُمَّ يُقَالُ : يَا مُحَمَّدُ ارْفَعْ رَأسَكَ ، سَلْ تُعْطَهُ ، وَاشْفَعْ تُشَفَّعْ ، فَأرْفَعُ رَأْسِي ، فَأقُولُ : أُمَّتِي يَا رَبِّ ، أُمَّتِي يَا رَبِّ ، فَيُقَالُ : يَا مُحَمَّدُ أدْخِلْ مِنْ أُمَّتِكَ مَنْ لا حِسَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ البَابِ الأيْمَنِ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الجَنَّةِ ، وَهُمْ شُرَكَاءُ النَّاسِ فِيمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ مِنَ الأبْوَابِ » . ثُمَّ قَالَ : « وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، إنَّ مَا بَيْنَ المِصْرَاعَيْنِ مِنْ مَصَارِيعِ الجَنَّةِ كَمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَهَجَرَ ، أَوْ كَمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَبُصْرَى » . متفق عَلَيْهِ . قوله : « إني كذبت ثلاث كذبات » : اثنان منها في الله ، وهي قوله : ﴿ إِنِّي سَقِيمٌ ﴾ [ الصافات (89) ] ، وقوله : ﴿ بَلْ فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ هَذَا ﴾ [ الأنبياء (63) ] . وأما الثالثة فهي قوله لسارة : أختي ، يعني في الإسلام ، وليست بكذب حقيقة ، لكن لما كانت بصورة الكذب سماها كذبًا . قال النووي : الحكمة في أن الله تعالى ألهمهم سؤال آدم ، ومن بعده في الابتداء ، ولم يلهموا سؤال نبينا محمد إظهار فضيلته ، وحصل غرضهم ، فهو النهاية في ارتفاع المنزلة ، وكما القرب ، وعظيم الإدلال والأنس . وفيه : تفضيله على جميع المخلوقين . قوله : « إن ما بين المصراعين من مصاريع الجنة ، كما بين مكة وهجر ، أو كما بين مكة وبصرى » . شك من الراوي . هجر : هي قاعدة البحرين ، وهي الأحساء ، وبصرى : مدينة معروفة ، بينها وبين مكة شهر .

1866. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: We accompanied the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) to a banquet. The meat of the forearm was presented to him as he was very fond of it. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) ate a morsel of it and said, "I will be the master of all the people on the Day of Resurrection. Do you know why? Allah will gather all human beings, past and present generations on the same ground so that the announcer may be able to make them all hear his voice and the onlookers may be able to see all of them. The sun will come very close to the people, they will suffer such distress and trouble as they will not be able to bear. Then the people will say: 'Do you see our (miserable) condition? You should look for someone who can intercede for you with your Rubb.' Some people will say to the others: 'Go to your father, Adam.' So they will go to Adam and say to him: 'You are the father of mankind; Allah created you with His Own Hand, and breathed into you of His spirit, ordered the angels to prostrate before you and He made you dwell in Jannah. So (please) intercede for us with your Rubb. Do you not see our (miserable) condition?' Adam will say: 'Today my Rubb has become so angry as He has never been before, nor will He ever become angry after this. He forbade me to approach the tree, but I disobeyed Him. I am worried about myself. Go to someone else. Go to (Prophet) Nuh (Noah).' They will come to Nuh and will say to him: 'O Nuh! You are the first of Messenger of Allah to the people on the earth, and Allah has named you a grateful slave. Please intercede for us with your Rubb. Do you not see our (miserable) condition?' He will say: 'Today my Rubb his become so angry as He has never been before, nor will He become angry hereafter. I was granted the right to make one definitely accepted invocation. I availed of this opportunity and made it against my nation. I am worried about myself. Go to someone else. Go to (Prophet) Ibrahim (Abraham).' They will go to Ibrahim and say to him: 'O Ibrahim, you are Messenger of Allah and His Khalil (the intimate friend of Allah) from among the people of the earth; so please intercede for us with your Rubb. Don't you see our (miserable) condition?' He will say to them: 'Today my Rubb has become so angry as He has never been before; nor will he ever be so hereafter. I had told three lies. I am worried about myself. Go to someone else. Go to (Prophet) Musa (Moses).' The people will then go to Musa and say to him: 'O Musa! You are Messenger of Allah and Allah gave you superiority above the others with His Message and with His direct Talk to you, so intercede for us with your Rubb. Do you not see our (miserable) condition?' Musa will say: 'Today my Rubb has become so angry as he has never been before, nor will He ever be hereafter. I killed a man whom I had not been ordered to kill. I am worried about myself. Go to someone else. Go to (Prophet) 'Isa (Jesus).' So they will go to '

[1867] وعن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما ، قال : جَاءَ إبراهيم بِأُمِّ إسْماعِيلَ وَبِابْنِهَا إسْمَاعِيل وَهِيَ تُرْضِعُهُ ، حَتَّى وَضَعهَا عِنْدَ البَيْتِ ، عِنْدَ دَوْحَةٍ فَوقَ زَمْزَمَ في أعْلَى المَسْجِدِ ، وَلَيْسَ بِمَكَّةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَحَدٌ ، وَلَيْسَ بِهَا مَاءٌ ، فَوَضَعَهُمَا هُنَاكَ ، وَوَضَعَ عِنْدَهُمَا جِرَاباً فِيهِ تَمْرٌ ، وَسِقَاءً فِيهِ مَاءٌ ، ثُمَّ قَفَّى إبْرَاهِيمُ مُنْطَلِقاً ، فَتَبِعَتْهُ أمُّ إسْمَاعِيلَ فَقَالَتْ : يَا إبْرَاهِيمُ ، أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ وَتَتْرُكُنَا بِهذَا الوَادِي الَّذِي لَيْسَ فِيهِ أنِيسٌ وَلا شَيْءٌ ؟ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ ذَلِكَ مِرَاراً ، وَجَعَلَ لا يَلْتَفِتُ إِلَيْهَا ، قَالَتْ لَهُ : آللهُ أَمَرَكَ بِهَذَا ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَتْ : إذاً لا يُضَيِّعُنَا ؛ ثُمَّ رَجَعَتْ ، فَانْطَلَقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ الثَّنِيَّةِ حَيْثُ لا يَرُونَهُ ، اسْتَقْبَلَ بِوَجْهِهِ البَيْتَ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِهؤُلاءِ الدَّعَوَاتِ ، فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ : ﴿ رَّبَّنَا إِنِّي أَسْكَنتُ مِن ذُرِّيَّتِي بِوَادٍ غَيْرِ ذِي زَرْعٍ ﴾ حَتَّى بَلَغَ ﴿ يَشْكُرُونَ ﴾ [ إبراهيم (37) ] . وَجَعَلَتْ أُمُّ إسْمَاعِيلَ تُرْضِعُ إسْمَاعِيلَ وَتَشْرَبُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ المَاءِ ، حَتَّى إِذَا نَفِدَ مَا فِي السِّقَاءِ عَطِشَتْ ، وَعَطِشَ ابْنُهَا ، وَجَعَلتْ تَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ يَتَلَوَّى - أَوْ قَالَ يَتَلَبَّطُ - فَانْطَلَقَتْ كَرَاهِيَةَ أنْ تَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَوَجَدَتِ الصَّفَا أَقْرَبَ جَبَلٍ في الأرْضِ يَلِيهَا ، فَقَامَتْ عَلَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَتِ الوَادِي تَنْظُرُ هَلْ تَرَى أحَداً ؟ فَلَمْ تَرَ أحَداً . فَهَبَطَتْ مِنَ الصَّفَا حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الوَادِي ، رَفَعَت طَرفَ دِرْعِهَا ، ثُمَّ سَعَتْ سَعْيَ الإنْسَانِ المَجْهُودِ حَتَّى جَاوَزَتِ الوَادِي ، ثُمَّ أتَتِ المَرْوَةَ فَقَامَتْ عَلَيْهَا ، فَنَظَرَتْ هَلْ تَرَى أحَداً ؟ فَلَمْ تَرَ أَحَداً ، فَفَعَلَتْ ذَلِكَ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ . قَالَ ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما : قَالَ النبيُّ : « فَلذَلِكَ سَعْيُ النَّاسِ بَيْنَهُمَا » ، فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَتْ عَلَى المَرْوَةِ سَمِعَتْ صَوْتاً ، فَقَالَتْ : صَهْ - تُريدُ نَفْسَهَا - ثُمَّ تَسَمَّعَتْ ، فَسَمِعَتْ أَيضاً ، فَقَالَتْ : قَدْ أسْمَعْتَ إنْ كَانَ عِنْدَكَ غَوَاثٌ [ فَأَغِثْ ] ، فَإذَا هِيَ بِالمَلَكِ عِنْدَ مَوْضِعِ زَمْزَمَ ، فَبَحَثَ بِعَقِبِهِ - أَوْ قَالَ بِجَنَاحِهِ - حَتَّى ظَهَرَ المَاءُ ، فَجَعَلَتْ تُحَوِّضُهُ وَتَقُولُ بِيَدِهَا هَكَذَا ، وَجَعَلَتْ تَغْرِفُ مِنَ المَاءِ في سِقَائِهَا وَهُوَ يَفُورُ بَعْدَ مَا تَغْرِفُ . وفي رواية : بِقَدَرِ مَا تَغْرِفُ . قَالَ ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما : قَالَ النبيُّ : « رَحِمَ اللهُ أُمَّ إسْمَاعِيلَ لَوْ تَرَكَتْ زَمْزَمَ -أَوْ قَالَ لَوْ لَمْ تَغْرِفْ مِنَ المَاءِ - لَكَانَتْ زَمْزَمُ عَيْناً مَعِيناً » قَالَ : فَشَرِبَتْ وَأرْضَعَتْ وَلَدَهَا ، فَقَالَ لَهَا المَلَكُ : لا تَخَافُوا الضَّيْعَةَ فَإنَّ ها هُنَا بَيْتاً للهِ يَبْنِيهِ هَذَا الغُلاَمُ وَأَبُوهُ ، وإنَّ اللهَ لا يُضَيِّعُ أهْلَهُ ، وكان البَيْتُ مُرْتَفِعاً مِنَ الأرْضِ كَالرَّابِيَةِ ، تَأتِيهِ السُّيُولُ ، فَتَأخُذُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَعَنْ شِمَالِهِ ، فَكَانَتْ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى مَرَّتْ بِهِمْ رُفْقَةٌ مِنْ جُرْهُمٍ ، أَوْ أهْلُ بَيْتٍ مِنْ جُرْهُمٍ مُقْبِلينَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ كَدَاءَ ، فَنَزلُوا في أسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ ؛ فَرَأَوْا طَائِراً عائِفاً ، فَقَالُوا : إنَّ هَذَا الطَّائِرَ لَيَدُورُ عَلَى مَاءٍ ، لَعَهْدُنَا بهذا الوَادِي وَمَا فِيهِ مَاء . فَأَرْسَلُوا جَرِيّاً أَوْ جَرِيَّيْنِ ، فَإذَا هُمْ بِالمَاءِ . فَرَجَعُوا فَأَخْبَرُوهُمْ ؛ فَأَقْبَلُوا وَأُمُّ إسْمَاعِيلَ عِنْدَ المَاءِ ، فقالوا : أتَأذَنِينَ لَنَا أنْ نَنْزِلَ عِنْدَكِ ؟ قَالَتْ : نَعَمْ ، وَلَكِنْ لا حَقَّ لَكُمْ في المَاءِ ، قَالُوا : نَعَمْ . قَالَ ابن عباس : قَالَ النبيُّ : « فَألْفَى ذَلِكَ أُمَّ إسْمَاعِيلَ ، وهي تُحِبُّ الأنْسَ » فَنَزَلُوا ، فَأرْسَلُوا إِلَى أهْلِهِمْ فَنَزَلُوا مَعَهُمْ ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِهَا أهْلَ أبْيَاتٍ وَشَبَّ الغُلاَمُ وَتَعَلَّمَ العَرَبِيَّةَ مِنْهُمْ ، وَأنْفَسَهُمْ وَأَعْجَبَهُمْ حِيْنَ شَبَّ ، فَلَمَّا أدْرَكَ زَوَّجُوهُ امْرَأةً مِنْهُمْ : وَمَاتَتْ أُمُّ إسْمَاعِيلَ ، فَجَاءَ إبْرَاهِيمُ بَعْدَما تَزَوَّجَ إسْمَاعِيلُ يُطَالِعُ تَرِكَتَهُ ، فَلَمْ يَجِدْ إسْمَاعِيلَ ؛ فَسَأَلَ امْرَأتَهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَتْ : خرَجَ يَبْتَغِي لَنَا - وفي روايةٍ : يَصِيدُ لَنَا - ثُمَّ سَأَلَهَا عَنْ عَيْشِهِمْ وَهَيْئَتِهِمْ ، فَقَالَتْ : نَحْنُ بِشَرٍّ ، نَحْنُ فِي ضِيقٍ وَشِدَّةٍ ؛ وَشَكَتْ إِلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : فَإذَا جَاءَ زَوْجُكِ اقْرَئِي عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمَ ، وَقُولِي لَهُ يُغَيِّرْ عَتَبَةَ بَابِهِ . فَلَمَّا جَاءَ إسْمَاعِيلُ كَأَنَّهُ آنَسَ شَيْئاً ، فَقَالَ : هَلْ جَاءكُمْ مِنْ أحَدٍ ؟ قَالَتْ : نَعَمْ ، جَاءنا شَيْخٌ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، فَسَأَلَنَا عَنْكَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ ، فَسَأَلَنِي : كَيْفَ عَيْشُنَا ، فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ أَنَّا في جَهْدٍ وَشِدَّةٍ . قَالَ : فَهَلْ أَوْصَاكِ بِشَيءٍ ؟ قَالَتْ : نَعَمْ ، أَمَرَنِي أنْ أقْرَأَ عَلَيْكَ السَّلاَمَ ، وَيَقُولُ : غَيِّرْ عَتَبَةَ بَابِكَ ، قَالَ : ذَاكَ أبِي وَقَدْ أَمَرَنِي أنْ أُفَارِقَكِ ! الْحَقِي بِأَهْلِكِ . فَطَلَّقَهَا وَتَزَوَّجَ مِنْهُمْ أُخْرَى ، فَلَبِثَ عَنْهُمْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهُمْ بَعْدُ فَلَمْ يَجِدْهُ ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى امْرَأتِهِ فَسَألَ عَنْهُ . قَالَتْ : خَرَجَ يَبْتَغِي لَنَا قَالَ : كَيفَ أنْتُمْ ؟ وَسَأَلَهَا عَنْ عَيْشِهِمْ وَهَيْئَتِهِمْ ، فَقَالَتْ : نَحْنُ بِخَيرٍ وَسَعَةٍ ، وَأَثْنَتْ عَلَى اللهِ تعالى . فَقَالَ : مَا طَعَامُكُمْ ؟ قَالَتْ : اللَّحْمُ ، قَالَ : فمَا شَرَابُكُمْ ؟ قَالَت : الماءُ ، قَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَهُمْ فِي اللَّحْمِ وَالمَاءِ . قَالَ النَّبيُّ : وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ حَبٌّ وَلَوْ كَانَ لَهُمْ دَعَا لَهُمْ فِيهِ ، قَالَ : فَهُمَا لا يَخْلُو عَلَيْهِمَا أَحَدٌ بِغَيْرِ مَكَّةَ إِلا لَمْ يُوَافِقَاهُ . وَفِي رواية : فجاء فَقَالَ : أيْنَ إسْمَاعِيلُ ؟ فَقَالَتْ امْرأتُهُ : ذَهَبَ يَصِيدُ ؛ فَقَالَتْ امْرَأتُهُ : ألا تَنْزِلُ ، فَتَطْعَمَ وَتَشْرَبَ ؟ قَالَ : وَمَا طَعَامُكُمْ وَمَا شَرَابُكُمْ ؟ قَالَتْ : طَعَامُنَا اللَّحْمُ وَشَرَابُنَا المَاءُ، قَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَهُمْ فِي طَعَامِهِمْ وَشَرابِهِمْ . قَالَ : فَقَالَ أَبُو القاسم : بَرَكَةُ دَعوَةِ إبْرَاهِيمَ . قَالَ : فإذَا جَاءَ زَوْجُكِ فَاقْرَئِي عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمَ وَمُرِيِهِ يُثَبِّتُ عَتَبَةَ بَابِهِ . فَلَمَّا جَاءَ إسْمَاعِيلُ قال : هَلْ أتاكُمْ مِنْ أحَدٍ ؟ قَالَتْ : نَعَمْ ، أتانَا شَيْخٌ حَسَنُ الهَيْئَةِ ، وَأثْنَتْ عَلَيْهِ ، فَسَألَنِي عَنْكَ فَأَخْبَرتُهُ ، فَسَألَنِي كَيْفَ عَيْشُنَا فَأخْبَرْتُهُ أَنَّا بِخَيْرٍ . قَالَ : فَأوْصَاكِ بِشَيءٍ ؟ قَالَتْ : نَعَمْ ، يَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ السَّلاَمَ وَيَأمُرُكَ أَنْ تُثَبِّتَ عَتَبَةَ بَابِكَ . قَالَ : ذَاكَ أبِي ، وأنْتِ العَتَبَةُ ، أمَرَنِي أنْ أُمْسِكَكِ . ثُمَّ لَبِثَ عَنْهُمَ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ بَعدَ ذَلِكَ وإسْمَاعِيلُ يَبْرِي نَبْلاً لَهُ تَحْتَ دَوْحَةٍ قَريباً مِنْ زَمْزَمَ ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ قَامَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَصَنَعَا كَمَا يَصْنَعُ الوَالِدُ بِالوَلَدِ وَالوَلَدُ بِالوَالدِ . قَالَ : يَا إسْمَاعِيلُ ، إنَّ اللهَ أمَرَنِي بِأمْرٍ ، قَالَ : فَاصْنَعْ مَا أمَرَكَ رَبُّكَ ؟ قالَ : وَتُعِينُنِي ، قَالَ : وَأُعِينُكَ ، قَالَ : فَإنَّ اللهَ أمَرَنِي أَنْ أَبْنِي بَيْتاً ها هُنَا ، وأشَارَ إِلَى أكَمَةٍ مُرْتَفِعَةٍ عَلَى مَا حَوْلَهَا ، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ رَفَعَ القَوَاعِدَ مِنَ البَيْتِ ، فَجَعَلَ إسْمَاعِيلُ يَأتِي بِالحِجَارَةِ وَإبْرَاهِيمُ يَبْنِي حَتَّى إِذَا ارْتَفَعَ البِنَاءُ ، جَاءَ بِهذَا الحَجَرِ فَوَضَعَهُ لَهُ فَقَامَ عَلَيْهِ ، وَهُوَ يَبْنِي وَإسْمَاعِيلُ يُنَاوِلُهُ الحجارة وَهُمَا يَقُولاَنِ : ﴿ رَبَّنَا تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّا إنَّكَ أنْتَ السَّمِيعُ العَلِيمُ ﴾ [ البقرة (127) ] . وفي روايةٍ : إنَّ إبْرَاهِيمَ خَرَجَ بِإسْمَاعِيلَ وَأُمِّ إسْمَاعِيلَ ، مَعَهُمْ شَنَّةٌ فِيهَا مَاءٌ ، فَجَعَلَتْ أُمُّ إسْمَاعِيلَ تَشْرَبُ مِنَ الشَّنَّةِ فَيَدِرُّ لَبَنُهَا عَلَى صَبِيِّهَا ، حَتَّى قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ ، فَوَضَعَهَا تَحْتَ دَوْحَةٍ ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إبْرَاهِيمُ إِلَى أهْلِهِ ، فَاتَّبَعَتْهُ أُمُّ إسْماعيلَ حَتَّى لَمَّا بَلَغُوا كَدَاءَ نَادَتْهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ : يَا إبْرَاهِيمُ إِلَى مَنْ تَتْرُكُنَا ؟ قَالَ : إِلَى اللهِ ، قَالَتْ : رَضِيْتُ باللهِ ، فَرَجَعَتْ وَجَعَلَتْ تَشْرَبُ مِنَ الشِّنَّةِ وَيَدُرُّ لَبَنُهَا عَلَى صَبِيِّهَا ، حَتَّى لَمَّا فَنِيَ المَاءُ قَالَتْ : لَوْ ذَهَبْتُ فَنَظَرْتُ لَعَلِّي أُحِسُّ أَحَداً . قَالَ : فَذَهَبَتْ فَصَعِدَتِ الصَّفَا ، فَنَظَرَتْ وَنَظَرَتْ هَلْ تُحِسُّ أحداً ، فَلَمْ تُحِسَّ أَحَداً ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَتِ الوَادِي سَعَتْ ، وأتَتِ المَرْوَةَ ، وَفَعَلَتْ ذَلِكَ أشْوَاطَاً ، ثُمَّ قَالَتْ : لَوْ ذَهَبْتُ فَنَظَرْتُ مَا فَعَلَ الصَّبِيُّ ، فَذَهَبَتْ فَنَظَرَتْ فَإذَا هُوَ عَلَى حَالِهِ ، كَأنَّهُ يَنْشَغُ لِلْمَوْتِ ، فَلَمْ تُقِرَّهَا نَفْسُهَا فَقَالَتْ : لَوْ ذَهَبْتُ فَنَظَرْتُ لَعَلِّي أُحِسُّ أحَداً ، فَذَهَبَتْ فَصَعِدَتِ الصَّفَا ، فَنَظَرَتْ ونظَرتْ فَلَمْ تُحِسَّ أَحَداً ، حَتَّى أتَمَّتْ سَبْعاً ، ثُمَّ قَالَتْ : لَوْ ذَهَبْتُ فَنَظَرْتُ مَا فَعَلَ ، فَإذَا هِيَ بِصَوْتٍ ، فَقَالَتْ : أَغِثْ إنْ كَانَ عِنْدَكَ خَيْرٌ ، فَإذَا جِبْرِيلُ عليه السَّلام فَقَالَ بِعقِبِهِ هَكَذَا ، وَغَمَزَ بِعَقِبِهِ عَلَى الأرْضِ ، فَانْبَثَقَ المَاءُ فَدَهِشَتْ أُمُّ إسْمَاعِيلَ ، فَجَعَلَتْ تَحْفِنُ … وَذَكَرَ الحَديثَ بِطُولِهِ ، رواه البخاري بهذه الروايات كلها . « الدَّوْحَةُ » الشَّجَرَةُ الكَبِيرَةُ . قولُهُ : « قَفَّى » : أيْ : وَلَّى . « وَالْجَرِيُّ » : الرَّسُولُ . « وَألْفَى » : معناه وَجَدَ . قَولُهُ : « يَنْشَغُ » : أيْ : يَشْهَقُ . أم إسماعيل : اسمها هاجر ، قبطية ، وهبها لسارة ملك مصر الذي أراد سارة فمنعه الله منها ، ووهبتها سارة لإبراهيم . وفي الحديث : استحباب استقبال القبلة حال الدعاء ، والتحريض للمقيم بمكة على عبادة المولى . قوله : « فجاء إبراهيم بعدما تزوج إسماعيل يطالع تركته » . أخرج الفاكهي من حديث علي بسند حسن : « إن إبراهيم كان يزور هاجر وإسماعيل كل شهر على البراق ، يغدو غدوة ثم يأتي مكة ، ثم يرجع فيقيل في منزله في الشام » . وفي الحديث : وقوع الطلاق بالكناية ، وكنى عن المرأة بعتبة الباب لما فيها من الصفات الموافقة لها ، وهي حفظ الباب ، وصون ما في داخله ، وكونها محل الوطء ، ولهذا قال إسماعيل لزوجته الحقي بأهلك . وفيه : استحباب مفارقة من لا صبر لها عند تعاور الشدائد ، وبر الوالد وتنفيذ أمره والمسارعة إليه . قوله : « فصنعا كما يصنع الوالد بالولد ، والولد بالوالد » أي : من الاعتناق والمصافحة وغير ذلك . وكان عمر إبراهيم يومئذٍ مئة سنة ، وعمر إسماعيل ثلاثين سنة . قوله : « فعند ذلك رفع القواعد » ، أي : الأساس من البيت ، ورفع البناء عليها .

1867. Ibn 'Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: Ibrahim (PBUH) brought his wife and her son Isma'il (PBUH), while she was suckling him, to a place near the Ka'bah under a tree on the spot of Zamzam, at the highest place in the mosque. In those days, there was no human being in Makkah, nor was there any water. So he made them sit over there and placed near them a leather bag containing some dates, and a small water-skin containing some water, and set out homeward. Isma'il's mother followed him saying: "O Ibrahim! Where are you going, leaving us in this valley where there is no person whose company we may enjoy, nor is there anything (to enjoy)?" She repeated that to him many times, but he did not look back at her. Then she asked him: "Has Allah commanded you to do so?" He said: "Yes." She said: "Then He will not neglect us." She returned while Ibrahim proceeded onwards. Having reached the Thaniya, where they could not see him, he faced Ka'bah, raised his both hands and supplicated: "O our Rubb! I have made some of my offspring to dwell in an uncultivable valley by Your Sacred House (the Ka'bah at Makkah) in order, O our Rubb, that they may perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat). So fill some hearts among men with love towards them, and (O Allah) provide them with fruits so that they may give thanks." (14:37).

Isma'il's mother went on suckling Isma'il and drinking from the water which she had. When the water in the water-skin had all been used up, she became thirsty and her child also became thirsty. She started looking at Isma'il, tossing in agony. She left him, for she could not endure looking at him, and found that the mountain of As-Safa was the nearest mountain to her on that land. She stood on it and started looking at the valley keenly so that she might see somebody, but she could not see anybody. Then she descended from As-Safa, and when she reached the valley, she tucked up her robe and ran in the valley like a person in distress and trouble till she crossed the valley and reached Al-Marwah mountain where she stood and started looking, expecting to see somebody, but she could not see anybody. She repeated that (running between As-Safa and Al-Marwah) seven times." Ibn 'Abbas further related: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "This is the source of the tradition of the Sa'y - i.e., the going of people between the two mountains. When she reached Al-Marwah (for the last time), she heard a voice and she exclaimed: 'Shshs!' (Silencing herself) and listened attentively. She heard the voice again and said: 'O (whoever you may be) You have made me hear your voice; have you any succour for me?' And behold! She saw an angel at the place of Zamzam, digging the earth with his heel (or with his wing), till water flowed out from that place. She started to make something like of a basin around it, using her hands in this way and began to fill her water-skin with water with her hands, and the water was flowing out until she had scooped some of it." The Prophet (PBUH) further said, "May Allah bestow mercy on Isma'il's mother! Had she let the Zamzam flow without trying to control it (or had she not scooped in that water) while filling her water-skin, Zamzam would have been a stream flowing on the surface of the earth." The Prophet (PBUH) further added, "Then she drank (water) and suckled her child. The angel said to her: 'Do not be afraid of being neglected, for this is the site on which the House of Allah will be built by this boy and his father, and Allah will never let neglected His people.' The House of Allah (the Ka'bah) at that time was on a high place resembling a hillock, and when torrents came, they flowed to its right and left. She continued living in that way till some people from the tribe of Jurhum passed by her and her child. As they were coming from through the way of Kada', in the lower part of Makkah where they saw a bird that had a habit of flying around water and not leaving it. They said: 'This bird must be flying over water, though we know that there is no water in this valley.' They sent one or two messengers who discovered the source of water, and returned to inform them of the water. So, they all came towards the water." The Prophet (PBUH) added, "Isma'il's mother was sitting near the water. They asked her: 'Do you allow us to stay with you?' She replied: 'Yes, but you will have no right to possess the water.' They agreed to that." The Prophet (PBUH) further said, "Isma'il's mother was pleased with the whole situation as she used to love the company of the people. So, they settled there, and later on they sent for their families who came and settled with them. The child (i.e., Isma'il) grew up and learnt Arabic from them (his virtues) caused them to love and admire him as he grew up, and when he reached the age of puberty, they gave him one of their daughters in marriage. After Isma'il's mother had died, Ibrahim came after Isma'il's marriage in order to see his family that he had left before, but he did not find Isma'il there. When he asked Isma'il's wife about him, she replied: 'He has gone in search of our livelihood.' Then he asked her about their way of living and their condition, and she replied complaining to him: 'We are living in hardship, misery and destitution.' He said: 'When your husband returns, convey my salutations to him and tell him to change the threshold of the door of his house.' When Isma'il came, he seemed to have perceived something unusual. He asked his wife: 'Did anyone visit you?' She replied: 'Yes, an old man of such and such description came and asked me about you and I informed him, and he asked about our state of living, and, I told him that we were living in hardship and poverty.' Thereupon Isma'il said: 'Did he advise you anything?' She replied: 'Yes, he told me to convey his salutations to you and to change the threshold of your door.' Isma'il said: 'That was my father, and he has ordered me to divorce you. Go back to your family.' So Isma'il divorced her and married another woman from amongst them (Jurhum). Then Ibrahim stayed away from them for a period as long as Allah wished, and called on them again but did not find Isma'il. So he came to Isma'il's wife and asked her about him. She said: 'He has gone in search of our livelihood.' Ibrahim asked her about their sustenance and living: 'How are you getting on?' She replied: 'We are prosperous and well off.' Then she praised Allah, the Exalted. Ibrahim asked: 'What kind of food do you eat?' She said: 'Meat.' He said: 'What do you drink?' She said: 'Water.' He said, 'O Allah! Bless their meat and water!"' The Prophet (PBUH) added, "At that time they did not have grain, and if they had grain, he would have also invoked Allah to bless it." The Prophet (PBUH) further said, "If somebody has only these two things as his sustenance, his health and disposition will be badly affected because these things do not suit him unless he lives in Makkah." The Prophet (PBUH) added, "Then Ibrahim said to Isma'il's wife, 'When your husband comes, give my regards to him and tell him that he should keep firm the threshold of his door.' When Isma'il came back, he asked his wife: 'Did anyone call on you?' She replied: 'Yes, a good looking old man came to me.' She praised him and added: 'He asked about you, and I informed him, and he asked about our livelihood and I told him that we were in good condition.' Isma'il asked her: 'Did he give you a piece of advice?' She said: 'Yes, he told me to convey his regards to you and ordered that you should keep firm the threshold of your door.' On that Isma'il said: 'He was my father and you are the threshold of the door. He has ordered me to keep you with me.' Then Ibrahim stayed away from them for a period as long as Allah wished and called on them afterwards. He saw Isma'il under a tree near Zamzam, sharpening his arrows. When he saw Ibrahim, he rose up to welcome him, and they greeted each other as a father does with his son or a son does with his father. Ibrahim said: 'O Isma'il! Allah has given me an order.' Isma'il said: 'Do what your Rubb has commanded you to do.' Ibrahim asked: 'Will you help me?' Isma'il said: 'I will help you.' Ibrahim said: 'Allah has ordered me to build a house here, pointing to a hillock higher than the land surrounding it."' The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) added, "Then they raised the foundations of the House (i.e., Ka'bah). Isma'il brought the stones and Ibrahim was building (the house). When the walls became high, Isma'il brought stone and placed it for Ibrahim who stood over it and carried on building the House, while Isma'il was handing over the stones to him, both of them prayed: 'O our Rubb! Accept this service from us! Verily, You are the All-Hearer and the All-Knower."'

[Al-Bukhari].

There are some more narrations about this incident, some adding details and some with minor variations in the wordings.

Commentary:

1. In this narration, there is the historical background of walking briskly between the hills of As-Safa and Al-Marwah. This ritual of Hajj and 'Umrah has been fixed as a remembrance of the incident about what Hajirah (May Allah be pleased with her) had to face and what she did in the difficult circumstances. In fact, she was so pious and obedient that she agreed to live in such wilderness where there was no sign of any human being far and wide. Secondly, there was no water to drink or food for subsistence.

For this act of piety, she was rewarded with two things; firstly, she was bestowed with an eternally flowing spring which proved for her at that moment a source of life, and people still benefit from it today. Secondly, her brisk movement and running between the two hills was made an important and compulsory ritual to be performed during Hajj and 'Umrah. This ritual is to continue for all times till the Day of Resurrection.

2. Ka'bah was built by Prophet Ibrahim and Prophet Isma'il.

3. Thanking Allah under all circumstances is an act of praise and piety while the reverse of this attitude is disliked and considered reprehensible.

4. If a father asks his son to do something, then the child should respond to the father's request as long as he does not order him to disobey Allah.

[1868] وعن سعيد بن زيد قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ يقولُ : « الكَمْأَةُ مِنَ المَنِّ ، وَمَاؤُهَا شِفَاءٌ لِلْعَيْنِ » . متفق عَلَيْهِ . قال البخاري : بابُ المنُّ شفاء للعين ، وذكر الحديث . قال الحافظ : والكمأة : نبات لا ورق لها ولا ساق ، توجد في الأرض من غير أن تزرع ، وهي كثيرة بأرض العرب ، وتوجد بالشام ومصر ، فأجوده ما كانت أرضه رملة قليلة الماء ، ومنها صنف قتال يضرب لونه إلى الحمرة ، وهي باردة رطبة في الثانية ، رديئة للمعدة بطيئة للهضم . وإدمان أكلها يورث القولنج ، والسكتة ، والفالج ، وعسر البول . والرطب منها أقل ضررًا من اليابس ، وإذا دفنت في الطين الرطب ، ثم سلقت بالماء والملح والسعتر ، وأكلت بالزيت والتوابل الحارة قل ضررها . ومع ذلك ففيها جوهر مائي لطيف بدليل خفَّتها ، فلذلك كان ماؤها شفاء للعين . قال الخطابي : إنما اختصت الكمأة بهذه الفضيلة ؛ لأنها من الحلال المحض الذي ليس في اكتسابه شبهة . قال الغافقي : ماء الكمأة أصلح الأدوية للعين إذا عجن به الإثمد ، وأكحل به ، فإنه يقوي الجفن ، ويزيد الروح الباصرة حدة وقوة ، ويدفع عنها النوازل . انتهى ملخصًا .

1868. Sa'id bin Zaid (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) saying, "Truffle (edible fungus) is a species of Al-Manna and their water cures eye diseases."

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Commentary: Al-Manna is the famous kind of food which Allah bestowed upon Banu Israel. As-Salwa was a kind of bird resembling the quail. It was slaughtered and then eaten. Al-Manna was a sweet substance which appeared on the trees or stones. It was sweet like honey and after drying, it took the form of gum. According to others, it was honey or sweet water (Tafsir Ahsan-ul-Bayan). The truffle is similar to Al-Manna. This means that as Banu Israel were given food without toil, so we find truffle in nature without effort. The juice of truffle is useful in curing some diseases of the eye. This prescription was suggested by the Prophet (PBUH). It is surely beneficial.

Book Eighteen - The Book of Miscellaneous Adadith of Significant values
Chapter 370 : Ahadith about Dajjal and Portents of the Hour [1808-1868 of 1896]