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قَالَ الله تَعَالَى : ﴿ وَجَعَلَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الفُلْكِ وَالأنْعَامِ مَا تَرْكَبُونَ * لِتَسْتَوُوا عَلَى ظُهُورِهِ ثُمَّ تَذْكُرُوا نِعْمَةَ رَبِّكُمْ إِذَا اسْتَوَيْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَتَقُولُوا سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ * وَإنَّا إِلَى رَبِّنَا لَمُنْقَلِبُونَ ﴾ [ الزخرف (12 : 13) ] . قال طاوس : حق على كل مسلم إذا ركب دابة ، أو سفينة أن يقول ذلك ، ويتذكَّر انقلابه في آخر عمره على مركب الجنازة إلى الله تعالى .
Allah, the Exalted, says:
"... and has appointed for you ships and cattle on which you ride. In order that you may mount on their backs, and then may remember the Favour of your Rubb when you mount thereon, and say: 'Glory to Him Who has subjected this to us, and we could never have it (by our efforts). And verily, to Our Rubb we indeed are to return!"' (43:12-14)
[972] وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما : أنَّ رسول الله كَانَ إِذَا اسْتَوَى عَلَى بَعِيرِهِ خَارِجاً إِلَى سَفَرٍ ، كَبَّرَ ثَلاثاً ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : « سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ ، وَإنَّا إِلَى رَبِّنَا لَمُنْقَلبُونَ . اللّهُمَّ إنا نسألكَ في سفرنا هذا البرّ والتَّقوى ، ومنَ العملِ ما ترضى ، اللَّهُمَّ هَوِّن عَلَيْنَا سَفَرَنَا هَذَا ، وَاطْوِ عَنَّا بُعْدَهُ . اللَّهُمَّ أنْتَ الصَّاحِبُ في السَّفَرِ ، والخَلِيفَةُ في الأهْلِ . اللَّهُمَّ إنِّي أعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ وَعْثَاءِ السَّفَرِ ، وَكَآبَةِ المَنْظَرِ ، وَسُوءِ المُنْقَلَبِ في المالِ وَالأَهْلِ » . وَإِذَا رَجَعَ قَالَهُنَّ وَزَادَ فِيهِنَّ : « آيِبُونَ ، تَائِبُونَ ، عَابِدُونَ ، لِرَبِّنَا حَامِدُونَ » . رواه مسلم قَوْلُهُ « مُقْرِنِينَ » : مُطِيقِينَ . وَ« الوَعْثَاءُ » بفتحِ الواوِ وَإسكان العين المهملة وبالثاء المثلثة وبالمد وَهِيَ : الشِّدَّةُ . وَ« الكَآبَةُ » بِالمَدِّ ، وَهِيَ : تَغَيُّرُ النَّفْسِ مِنْ حُزْنٍ وَنَحْوهِ . وَ« المُنْقَلَبُ » : المَرْجِعُ . قوله : « اللهم أنت الصاحب في السفر » ، أي : الملازم بالعناية والحفظ من الحوادث والنوازل : « والخليفة في الأهل » أي : المعتمد عليه والمفوض إليه حضورًا وغيبة . وفي الحديث : استحباب هذا الدعاء عند ركوب المسافر .
972. Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) mounted his camel for setting out on a journey, he would recite: "Allahu Akbar (Allah is Greatest)," thrice. Then he (PBUH) would supplicate: "Subhanal-ladhi sakh-khara lana hadha, wa ma kunna lahu muqrinin, wa inna ila Rabbina lamunqalibun. Allahumma inna nas'aluka fi safarina hadh al-birra wat-taqwa, wa minal-'amali ma tarda. Allahumma hawwin 'alaina safarana hadha, watwi 'anna bu'dahu. Allahumma Antas-Sahibu fissafari, wal-Khalifatu fil-ahli. Allahumma inni a'udhu bika min wa'ta'is-safari, wa kaabatil-manzari, wa su'il-munqalabi fil-mali wal-ahli wal-waladi (Far removed from imperfection is the One Who has made this subservient to us, for we have no power to subjugate it, and certainly to our Rubb shall we return. O Allah, we ask You during this journey of ours for righteousness, piety and such deeds as are pleasing to You. O Allah, make easy for us this journey of ours and make the distance short for us. O Allah, You are our Companion during the journey and the Guardian of the family and the property in our absence. O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the hardships of travelling, unhappiness connected with ghastly scenes and evil turns in property and family)." When he returned, he recited this supplication making addition of these words: "Ayibuna, ta'ibuna, 'abiduna, li-Rabbina hamidun (We are those who return; those who repent; those who worship and those who praise our Rubb)."
[Muslim].
Commentary: This is a very comprehensive prayer. Man is not safe from dangers during a journey and in his absence, safety of his household may worry him, too. In this prayer, Allah is entreated to ensure the safety of the two in most effective words. And none can harm that person who comes under the Watch and Protection of Allah. This prayer should be recited upon starting on a journey as well as returning from it.
[973] وعن عبد الله بن سَرجِسَ قال : كَانَ رسول الله إِذَا سَافَرَ يَتَعَوَّذُ مِنْ وَعْثَاءِ السَّفَرِ ، وَكَآبَةِ المُنْقَلَبِ ، وَالْحَوْرِ بَعْدَ الكَوْنِ ، وَدَعْوَةِ المَظْلُومِ ، وَسُوءِ المَنْظَرِ في الأَهْلِ وَالمَالِ . رواه مسلم .هكذا هُوَ في صحيح مسلم : « الحَوْر بَعْدَ الكَوْنِ » بالنون ، وكذا رواه الترمذي والنسائي ، قَالَ الترمذي : وَيُرْوَى « الكوْرُ » بالراءِ ، وَكِلاهما لَهُ وجه .قَالَ العلماءُ : ومعناه بالنون والراءِ جَميعاً : الرُّجُوعُ مِنَ الاسْتِقَامَةِ أَوِ الزِّيَادَةِ إِلَى النَّقْصِ . قالوا : ورِوايةُ الرَّاءِ مَأخُوذَةٌ مِنْ تَكْوِيرِ العِمَامَة وَهُوَ لَفُّهَا وَجَمْعُهَا . ورواية النون ، مِنَ الكَوْنِ ، مَصْدَرُ كَانَ يَكُونُ كَونَاً : إِذَا وُجِدَ وَاسْتَقَرَّ . قوله : « من الحور بعد الكون » استعاذة من الهبوط بعد الرفعة ، لأن السفر مظنة التفريط والظلم . ورواية الرَّاء استعاذة من النقض بعد الإبرام .
973. 'Abdullah bin Sarjis (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) proceeded on a journey, he would seek refuge in Allah from the hardships of the journey, and against deviation after guidance, and against the supplication of the oppressed, and occurrences of unpleasant events in the family and property. He would say: "Allahumma inni a'udhu bika min wa'tha'is-safari, wa kaabatil-munqalabi, wal-hauri ba'dal-kauni, wa da'watil-mazlumi, wa su'il-manzari fil-ahli wal-mal."
[Muslim].
Commentary: The Prophet (PBUH) sought Divine refuge against the supplication of the oppressed because Allah immediately responds to it. It is, therefore, imperative that if a man has wronged anybody, he should recompense his wrongdoing before embarking on a journey because the malediction of the wronged may invoke Divine wrath exposing the wrongdoer to a risky and troublesome journey.
[974] وعن عَلِي بن ربيعة ، قَالَ : شهدت عليَّ بن أَبي طالب أُتِيَ بِدَابَّةٍ لِيَرْكَبَهَا ، فَلَمَّا وَضَعَ رِجْلَهُ في الرِّكَابِ ، قَالَ : بِسْمِ اللهِ ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَوَى عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا ، قَالَ : الحَمْدُ للهِ ثم قال : سبحان الَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنينَ ، وَإنَّا إِلَى رَبِّنَا لَمُنْقَلِبُونَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : الحمْدُ للهِ ، ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : اللهُ أكْبَرُ ، ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : سُبْحَانَكَ إنّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي فَاغْفِرْ لِي فَإنَّهُ لا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلا أنْتَ ، ثُمَّ ضَحِكَ ، فَقيلَ : يَا أمِيرَ المُؤمِنِينَ ، مِنْ أيِّ شَيْءٍ ضَحِكْتَ ؟ قَالَ : رَأيتُ النبيَّ فَعَلَ كَمَا فَعَلْتُ ثُمَّ ضَحِكَ ، فقُلْتُ : يَا رسول اللهِ ، مِنْ أيِّ شَيْءٍ ضَحِكْتَ ؟ قَالَ : « إنَّ رَبَّكَ يَعْجَبُ مِنْ عَبدِهِ إِذَا قَالَ : اغْفِرْ لِي ذُنُوبِي ، يَعْلَمُ أنَّهُ لا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ غَيْرِي » . رواه أَبُو داود والترمذي ، وقال : « حديث حسن » . وفي بعض النسخ : « حسن صحيح » . وهذا لفظ أَبي داود . قوله : ثم قال : « سبحان الذي سخر لنا هذا » هو الصواب . وفي بعض النسخ : « الحمد الله الذي يسخر لنا هذا » . والذي رأيته في سنن أبي داود هو الموافق لما في الآية . وفي هذا لحديث : استحباب هذا الذكر عند ركوب الدابة .
974. 'Ali bin Rabi'ah reported: In my presence, a beast was brought to 'Ali bin Abu Talib (May Allah be pleased with him) for riding. When he put his foot in the stirrup, he said: "Bismillah (With the Name of Allah)." When he had settled himself on its back he recited: "Al-hamdu lillahil-ladhi sakh-khara lana hadha, wa ma kunna lahu muqrinin, wa inna ila Rabbina lamunqalibun. (All praise belongs to Allah Who has made this subservient to us, for we had not the strength to overpower it; and to our Rubb shall we return)." He then recited thrice: "Alhamdu lillah (Praise be to Allah)," and then three times: "Allahu Abkar (Allah is Greatest)." Then he said: "Subhanaka inni zalamtu nafsi faghfir li, innahu la yaghfirudh-dhunuba illa Anta (You are far removed from imperfection I have wronged myself, so forgive me, because none but You can forgive sins)." Then he smiled. It was asked: "Why have you smiled, O Amir Al-Mu'minin (Leader of the Believers)?" He replied: "I saw the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) doing as I have done. I (i.e., Ali) asked him (the Messenger of Allah (PBUH)) the reason for smiling. He (PBUH) said, 'Your Rubb, Glorious is He, is pleased when His slave seeks His forgiveness. He (the slave) has firm faith that none except Allah Alone can forgive sins)'."
[Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary: After putting his foot into the stirrup, the rider should say: "Bismillah (With the Name of Allah)." When he sits firm on the animal, he should recite the prayers mentioned in this Hadith and utter the Glorification and Magnification of Allah - "Al-hamdu lillah (Praise be to Allah)" and "Allahu Akbar (Allah is Greatest)." Moreover, this Hadith sheds light on the tremendous and matchless fervour of the Companions to follow the Prophet (PBUH). This Du'a is not restricted to riding an animal, but includes all means of transportation, such as the plane, the train and the car.