Tafheem ul Quran

Surah 11 Hud, Ayat 77-83

وَلَمَّا جَآءَتۡ رُسُلُـنَا لُوۡطًا سِىۡٓءَ بِهِمۡ وَضَاقَ بِهِمۡ ذَرۡعًا وَّقَالَ هٰذَا يَوۡمٌ عَصِيۡبٌ‏ ﴿11:77﴾ وَجَآءَهٗ قَوۡمُهٗ يُهۡرَعُوۡنَ اِلَيۡهِ ؕ وَمِنۡ قَبۡلُ كَانُوۡا يَعۡمَلُوۡنَ السَّيِّاٰتِ ​ؕ قَالَ يٰقَوۡمِ هٰٓؤُلَاۤءِ بَنٰتِىۡ هُنَّ اَطۡهَرُ لَـكُمۡ​ ۚ فَاتَّقُوۡا اللّٰهَ وَلَا تُخۡزُوۡنِ فِىۡ ضَيۡفِىۡ ؕ اَلَيۡسَ مِنۡكُمۡ رَجُلٌ رَّشِيۡدٌ‏ ﴿11:78﴾ قَالُوۡا لَقَدۡ عَلِمۡتَ مَا لَـنَا فِىۡ بَنٰتِكَ مِنۡ حَقٍّ​ ۚ وَاِنَّكَ لَـتَعۡلَمُ مَا نُرِيۡدُ‏ ﴿11:79﴾ قَالَ لَوۡ اَنَّ لِىۡ بِكُمۡ قُوَّةً اَوۡ اٰوِىۡۤ اِلٰى رُكۡنٍ شَدِيۡدٍ‏ ﴿11:80﴾ قَالُوۡا يٰلُوۡطُ اِنَّا رُسُلُ رَبِّكَ لَنۡ يَّصِلُوۡۤا اِلَيۡكَ​ فَاَسۡرِ بِاَهۡلِكَ بِقِطۡعٍ مِّنَ الَّيۡلِ وَلَا يَلۡتَفِتۡ مِنۡكُمۡ اَحَدٌ اِلَّا امۡرَاَتَكَ​ؕ اِنَّهٗ مُصِيۡبُهَا مَاۤ اَصَابَهُمۡ​ؕ اِنَّ مَوۡعِدَهُمُ الصُّبۡحُ​ؕ اَلَيۡسَ الصُّبۡحُ بِقَرِيۡبٍ‏ ﴿11:81﴾ فَلَمَّا جَآءَ اَمۡرُنَا جَعَلۡنَا عَالِيَهَا سَافِلَهَا وَاَمۡطَرۡنَا عَلَيۡهَا حِجَارَةً مِّنۡ سِجِّيۡلٍۙ  مَّنۡضُوۡدٍۙ‏ ﴿11:82﴾ مُّسَوَّمَةً عِنۡدَ رَبِّكَ​ؕ وَ مَا هِىَ مِنَ الظّٰلِمِيۡنَ بِبَعِيۡدٍ‏  ﴿11:83﴾

(11:77) And when Our messengers came to Lot,85 he was perturbed by their coming and felt troubled on their account, and said: 'This is a distressing day.86 (11:78) And his people came to him rushing. Before this they were wont to commit evil deeds. Lot said: 'My people! Here are my daughters; they are purer for you.87 Have fear of Allah and do not disgrace me concerning my guests. Is there not even one right-minded person in your midst?' (11:79) They said: 'Surely you already know that we have nothing to do with your daughters.88 You also know well what we want.' (11:80) He said: 'Would that I had the strength to set you straight, or could seek refuge in some powerful support.' (11:81) Thereupon the angels said: 'O Lot! We indeed are messengers of your Lord. And your people will in no way be able to hurt you. So depart with your family in a part of the night and let no one of you turn around89 excepting your wife (who shall not go); for what will befall them shall also befall her.90 In the morning their promised hour will come. Is not the morning near?' (11:82) And when Our command came to pass, We turned the town upside down, and rained on it stones of baked clay, one on another,91 (11:83) marked from your Lord.92 Nor is the punishment far off from the wrong-doers.93


Notes

85. Please keep in view (E.Ns 63-68 of Surah Al-Aaraf).

86. From the tenor of the details of the story as given in the different parts of the Quran, it becomes quite clear that the angels came to Prophet Lot (peace be upon him) in the form of handsome boys and that he was unaware that they were angels. He was troubled and distressed in his mind, for he knew how wicked and shameless his people were.

87. By “My daughters”, Prophet Lot (peace be upon him) might have meant either of the two things. He might have referred to the daughters of the community as “my daughters” because the relationship of a Prophet to his people is as of a father to his children. But it is also possible that he aught have meant by this his own daughters. Anyhow, this could not have been an offer of adultery, for the succeeding sentence “they are purer for you” leaves no room for such a misunderstanding. This makes it quite obvious that Prophet Lot (peace be upon him) admonished them in this way so as to turn them to the females for the lawful gratification of their sexual desires instead of seeking unnatural ways.

88. This answer of the people of Prophet Lot (peace be upon him) shows that they had gone to the lowest depth of depravity and openly and brazen facedly declared that they did not want females but males. This was the proof that they had not only left the natural way of purity and strayed into the unnatural way of impurity but had also lost all interest in the natural way of gratification. Such a depraved condition is the worst form of moral degradation, for it shows that no good has been left at all. Supposing a person has fallen as a victim to an unlawful and sinful behavior, but at the same time considers it to be a wrong behavior which should be avoided, there is hope for the reform of such a person, and even if he does not mend his way the utmost that can be said about him is that he is a depraved person. On the other hand, if a person gives himself wholly to the unlawful because he has no interest in the lawful, such a filthy person is not worthy of being considered a man at all, and therefore should be wiped out of the earth. That is why Allah decreed that the people of Prophet Lot (peace be upon him) should be completely annihilated from the face of the earth.

89. This meant to impress on them the urgency of the matter so that they should get out of the doomed place and should not even turn round to look behind to see what was happening there. They were warned lest they should be attracted by the loud noises caused by the explosions and by the wailing of the people and thus lag behind in the territory that had been marked for the scourge and was to be overtaken by it.

90. The doom of the wife of Prophet Lot (peace be upon him) is the third incident related in this Surah to serve as a lesson that no relationship can deliver a people from the horrible consequences of their sin.

91. Probably the scourge came in the form of a horrible earthquake which turned their habitations upside down and the explosion of a volcano which rained stones on them.

“Stones of layered baked clay” probably refers to the stones that are formed by the underground heat and lava in the volcanic regions. The signs of such a formation are found even today near the Lot Sea.

92. That is, every stone had been specified by Allah to do some particular work of destruction there, and to hit a particular offender.

93. This was meant to warn the workers of iniquity who were engaged in their evil work, as if to say: You should not consider yourselves immune from scourge as though it were far from you. If it could visit the people of Prophet Lot (peace be upon him), it could overpower you as well. Neither the people of Prophet Lot (peace be upon him) were able to defend themselves against Allah, nor can you frustrate Him now.