Tafheem ul Quran
Surah 2 Al-Baqarah, Ayat 83-86
وَاِذۡ اَخَذۡنَا مِيۡثَاقَ بَنِىۡٓ اِسۡرَآءِيۡلَ لَا تَعۡبُدُوۡنَ اِلَّا اللّٰهَ وَبِالۡوَالِدَيۡنِ اِحۡسَانًا وَّذِى الۡقُرۡبٰى وَالۡيَتٰمٰى وَالۡمَسٰکِيۡنِ وَقُوۡلُوۡا لِلنَّاسِ حُسۡنًا وَّاَقِيۡمُوا الصَّلٰوةَ وَاٰتُوا الزَّکٰوةَ ؕ ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيۡتُمۡ اِلَّا قَلِيۡلًا مِّنۡکُمۡ وَاَنۡـتُمۡ مُّعۡرِضُوۡنَ
﴿2:83﴾
وَاِذۡ اَخَذۡنَا مِيۡثَاقَكُمۡ لَا تَسۡفِكُوۡنَ دِمَآءَكُمۡ وَلَا تُخۡرِجُوۡنَ اَنۡفُسَكُمۡ مِّنۡ دِيَارِكُمۡ ثُمَّ اَقۡرَرۡتُمۡ وَاَنۡـتُمۡ تَشۡهَدُوۡنَ
﴿2:84﴾
ثُمَّ اَنۡـتُمۡ هٰٓؤُلَاۤءِ تَقۡتُلُوۡنَ اَنۡفُسَكُمۡ وَتُخۡرِجُوۡنَ فَرِيۡقًا مِّنۡكُمۡ مِّنۡ دِيَارِهِمۡ تَظٰهَرُوۡنَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ بِالۡاِثۡمِ وَالۡعُدۡوَانِؕ وَاِنۡ يَّاۡتُوۡكُمۡ اُسٰرٰى تُفٰدُوۡهُمۡ وَهُوَ مُحَرَّمٌ عَلَيۡڪُمۡ اِخۡرَاجُهُمۡؕ اَفَتُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ بِبَعۡضِ الۡكِتٰبِ وَتَكۡفُرُوۡنَ بِبَعۡضٍۚ فَمَا جَزَآءُ مَنۡ يَّفۡعَلُ ذٰلِكَ مِنۡکُمۡ اِلَّا خِزۡىٌ فِى الۡحَيٰوةِ الدُّنۡيَا ۚ وَيَوۡمَ الۡقِيٰمَةِ يُرَدُّوۡنَ اِلٰٓى اَشَدِّ الۡعَذَابِؕ وَمَا اللّٰهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعۡمَلُوۡنَ
﴿2:85﴾
اُولٰٓـئِكَ الَّذِيۡنَ اشۡتَرَوُا الۡحَيٰوةَ الدُّنۡيَا بِالۡاٰخِرَةِ فَلَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنۡهُمُ الۡعَذَابُ وَلَا هُمۡ يُنۡصَرُوۡنَ
﴿2:86﴾
(2:83) And recall when We made a covenant with the Children of Israel: “You
shall serve none but Allah and do good to parents, kinsmen, orphans and the
needy; you shall speak kindly to people, and establish Prayer and give Zakah
(Purifying Alms). And yet, except for a few of you, you turned back on this
covenant, and you are still backsliders. (2:84) And recall when We made a covenant with you, that you shall not shed
one another’s blood, and shall not turn out one another from your homelands;
you confirmed it, and you yourselves are witnesses to it. (2:85) And here you are, killing one another, turning out a party of your
own from their homelands, aiding one another against them in sin and enmity,
and if they come to you as captives you ransom them although the very act of
expelling them was unlawful to you. Do you believe in a part of the Scripture
and reject the rest?92 What else, then, could be the retribution
of those among you who do this than that they should live in degradation in
the present life, and that on the Day of Resurrection they should be sent to
the severest chastisement? Allah is not heedless of what you do. (2:86) These are the ones who have bought the present life in exchange for
the World to Come. Their chastisement shall not be lightened, nor shall they
be helped.
Notes
92. Before the advent of the Prophet (peace be on him) the Jewish tribes
who lived on the outskirts of Madina had concluded an alliance with the Arab
tribes of Aws and Khazraj. When the Arab tribes fought against one another each
Jewish tribe fought on the side of its allies, which led to fratricide and so
to a flagrant violation of the Book of God. Moreover, when the war ended the
captives were ransomed. This ransom was justified on the basis of scriptural
arguments; they extolled the Word of God when it permitted the ransom of prisoners
of war, but attached no significance at all to the same Word of God when it
prohibited mutual feuding.