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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
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 Surah Al-Qasas 28:29-36 [4/9] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
۞ فَلَمَّاThen when
قَضَىٰ مُوسَىMusa fulfilled
ٱلْأَجَلَthe term
وَسَارَand was traveling
بِأَهْلِهِۦٓwith his family,
ءَانَسَhe saw
مِنin
جَانِبِ(the) direction
ٱلطُّورِ(of) Mount Tur
نَارًاa fire.
قَالَHe said
لِأَهْلِهِto his family,
ٱمْكُثُوٓاْ"Stay here;
إِنِّىٓindeed, I
ءَانَسْتُ[I] perceive
نَارًاa fire.
لَّعَلِّىٓPerhaps
ءَاتِيكُمI will bring you
مِّنْهَاfrom there
بِخَبَرٍsome information
أَوْor
جَذْوَةٍa burning wood
مِّنَfrom
ٱلنَّارِthe fire
لَعَلَّكُمْso that you may
تَصْطَلُونَwarm yourselves."
﴿٢٩﴾
فَلَمَّآBut when
أَتَـٰهَاhe came (to) it,
نُودِىَhe was called
مِنfrom
شَـٰطِىِٕ(the) side
ٱلْوَادِ(of) the valley -
ٱلْأَيْمَنِthe right
فِىin
ٱلْبُقْعَةِthe place even,
ٱلْمُبَـٰرَكَةِblessed,
مِنَfrom
ٱلشَّجَرَةِthe tree
أَنthat,
يَـٰمُوسَىٰٓ"O Musa!
إِنِّىٓIndeed,
أَنَاI Am
ٱللَّهُAllah,
رَبُّ(the) Lord
ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ(of) the worlds.
﴿٣٠﴾
وَأَنْAnd [that]
أَلْقِthrow
عَصَاكَۖyour staff."
فَلَمَّاBut when
رَءَاهَاhe saw it
تَهْتَزُّmoving
كَأَنَّهَاas if it
جَآنٌّ(were) a snake
وَلَّىٰhe turned
مُدْبِرًا(in) flight
وَلَمْand (did) not
يُعَقِّبْۚreturn.
يَـٰمُوسَىٰٓ"O Musa!
أَقْبِلْDraw near
وَلَاand (do) not
تَخَفْۖfear.
إِنَّكَIndeed, you
مِنَ(are) of
ٱلْأَمِنِينَthe secure.
﴿٣١﴾
ٱسْلُكْInsert
يَدَكَyour hand
فِىin
جَيْبِكَyour bosom
تَخْرُجْit will come forth
بَيْضَآءَwhite
مِنْ غَيْرِwithout
سُوٓءٍany harm.
وَٱضْمُمْAnd draw
إِلَيْكَto yourselves
جَنَاحَكَyour hand
مِنَagainst
ٱلرَّهْبِۖfear.
فَذَٲنِكَSo these
بُرْهَـٰنَانِ(are) two evidences
مِنfrom
رَّبِّكَyour Lord,
إِلَىٰto
فِرْعَوْنَFiraun
وَمَلَإِيْهِۦٓۚand his chiefs.
إِنَّهُمْIndeed, they
كَانُواْare
قَوْمًاa people
فَـٰسِقِينَdefiantly disobedient."
﴿٣٢﴾
قَالَHe said,
رَبِّ"My Lord!
إِنِّىIndeed,
قَتَلْتُI killed
مِنْهُمْof them
نَفْسًاa man,
فَأَخَافُand I fear
أَنthat
يَقْتُلُونِthey will kill me.
﴿٣٣﴾
وَأَخِىAnd my brother
هَـٰرُونُHarun,
هُوَhe
أَفْصَحُ(is) more eloquent
مِنِّىthan me
لِسَانًا(in) speech,
فَأَرْسِلْهُso send him
مَعِىَwith me
رِدْءًا(as) a helper,
يُصَدِّقُنِىٓۖwho will confirm me.
إِنِّىٓIndeed,
أَخَافُI fear
أَنthat
يُكَذِّبُونِthey will deny me."
﴿٣٤﴾
قَالَHe said,
سَنَشُدُّ"We will strengthen
عَضُدَكَyour arm
بِأَخِيكَthrough your brother
وَنَجْعَلُand We will make
لَكُمَاfor both of you
سُلْطَـٰنًاan authority,
فَلَاso not
يَصِلُونَthey will reach
إِلَيْكُمَاۚto both of you.
بِـَٔـايَـٰتِنَآThrough Our Signs
أَنتُمَاyou two
وَمَنِand (those) who
ٱتَّبَعَكُمَاfollow you,
ٱلْغَـٰلِبُونَ(will) be the dominant."
﴿٣٥﴾
فَلَمَّاBut when
جَآءَهُمcame to them
مُّوسَىٰMusa
بِـَٔـايَـٰتِنَاwith Our Signs
بَيِّنَـٰتٍclear,
قَالُواْthey said,
مَا"Not
هَـٰذَآ(is) this
إِلَّاexcept
سِحْرٌa magic
مُّفْتَرًىinvented,
وَمَاand not
سَمِعْنَاwe heard
بِهَـٰذَاof this
فِىٓamong
ءَابَآئِنَا ٱلْأَوَّلِينَour forefathers."
﴿٣٦﴾

فَلَمَّا قَضٰى مُوۡسَى الۡاَجَلَ وَسَارَ بِاَهۡلِهٖۤ اٰنَسَ مِنۡ جَانِبِ الطُّوۡرِ نَارًا​ۚ قَالَ لِاَهۡلِهِ امۡكُثُوۡۤا اِنِّىۡۤ اٰنَسۡتُ نَارًا​ لَّعَلِّىۡۤ اٰتِيۡكُمۡ مِّنۡهَا بِخَبَرٍ اَوۡ جَذۡوَةٍ مِّنَ النَّارِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَصۡطَلُوۡنَ‏  فَلَمَّاۤ اَتٰٮهَا نُوۡدِىَ مِنۡ شَاطِیٴِ الۡوَادِ الۡاَيۡمَنِ فِى الۡبُقۡعَةِ الۡمُبٰرَكَةِ مِنَ الشَّجَرَةِ اَنۡ يّٰمُوۡسٰٓى اِنِّىۡۤ اَنَا اللّٰهُ رَبُّ الۡعٰلَمِيۡنَ ۙ‏  وَاَنۡ اَ لۡقِ عَصَاكَ​ ؕ فَلَمَّا رَاٰهَا تَهۡتَزُّ كَاَنَّهَا جَآنٌّ وَّلّٰى مُدۡبِرًا وَّلَمۡ يُعَقِّبۡ​ ؕ يٰمُوۡسٰٓى اَ قۡبِلۡ وَلَا تَخَفۡ​ اِنَّكَ مِنَ الۡاٰمِنِيۡنَ‏  اُسۡلُكۡ يَدَكَ فِىۡ جَيۡبِكَ تَخۡرُجۡ بَيۡضَآءَ مِنۡ غَيۡرِ سُوۡٓءٍ وَّاضۡمُمۡ اِلَيۡكَ جَنَاحَكَ مِنَ الرَّهۡبِ​ فَذٰنِكَ بُرۡهَانٰنِ مِنۡ رَّبِّكَ اِلٰى فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَمَلَا۟ـئِهٖؕ اِنَّهُمۡ كَانُوۡا قَوۡمًا فٰسِقِيۡنَ‏‏‏  قَالَ رَبِّ اِنِّىۡ قَتَلۡتُ مِنۡهُمۡ نَفۡسًا فَاَخَافُ اَنۡ يَّقۡتُلُوۡنِ‏   وَاَخِىۡ هٰرُوۡنُ هُوَ اَفۡصَحُ مِنِّىۡ لِسَانًا فَاَرۡسِلۡهُ مَعِىَ رِدۡاً يُّصَدِّقُنِىۡٓ​ اِنِّىۡۤ اَخَافُ اَنۡ يُّكَذِّبُوۡنِ‏  قَالَ سَنَشُدُّ عَضُدَكَ بِاَخِيۡكَ وَنَجۡعَلُ لَـكُمَا سُلۡطٰنًا فَلَا يَصِلُوۡنَ اِلَيۡكُمَا​​ ۛ ​ۚ بِاٰيٰتِنَاۤ ​ ۛ​ ۚ اَنۡـتُمَا وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَكُمَا الۡغٰلِبُوۡنَ‏   فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُمۡ مُّوۡسٰى بِاٰيٰتِنَا بَيِّنٰتٍ قَالُوۡا مَا هٰذَاۤ اِلَّا سِحۡرٌ مُّفۡتَـرًى وَمَا سَمِعۡنَا بِهٰذَا فِىۡۤ اٰبَآئِنَا الۡاَوَّلِيۡنَ‏ 
Translation
(28:29) When Moses had fulfilled the term40 and was journeying with his family, he perceived a fire in the direction of the Mount (Sinai).41 He said to his family: "Wait here; I have observed a fire. Maybe I will bring to you some news or a brand of fire from there that you may warm yourselves." (28:30) But when he came to the fire, a cry was heard from the right bank43 of the valley, from a tree in the hallowed ground:42 "O Moses, verily I am Allah, the Lord of all creatures of the Universe." (28:31) He received the command: "Throw away your rod!" But when he saw the rod writhing as though it were a serpent, he turned back in retreat, and did not even look behind. (He was told): "O Moses, go ahead and have no fear. You are perfectly secure. (28:32) Put your hand into your bosom, and it will come out shining without any blemish;44 and draw your hand close to your body to still your fear.45 Those are the two clear Signs from your Lord for Pharaoh and his chiefs, for truly they are a disobedient people."46 (28:33) Moses said: "My Lord, I have killed one person from among them, and I fear that they will kill me.47 (28:34) My brother Aaron is more eloquent in speech than I: so send him with me as a helper to confirm my truthfulness for I fear that they will reject me as a liar." (28:35) He said: "We will certainly strengthen you through your brother and will invest both of you with such power that they shall not be able to hurt you. With the help of Our Signs the two of you and your followers will prevail."48 (28:36) But when Moses came to them with Our Clear Signs, they said: "This is nothing but a magic49 that has been contrived. We never heard anything like it from our ancestors of yore."50
Commentary

40. According to Hasan bin Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with them), the Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) had completed the ten years term instead of the eight years. According to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), this has been related on the authority of the Prophet (peace be upon him) himself. He has said, “Moses (peace be upon him) completed the term which was more perfect and more agreeable to his father in law, i.e. ten years.”

41. That the direction of the journey was towards Mt. Toor shows that the Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) might be traveling to Egypt with his family, for Toor lies on the way from Midian to Egypt. Probably Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) thought that he had stayed away from home for ten long years and the Pharaoh in whose reign he had left Egypt had also died, if he quietly went back and stayed with his people, nobody would know it.

The Biblical version of the sequence of events is different from the Quran’s. It says that the Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) led the flocks (of his father in law) to the backside of the desert, and came to the mountain of God. There God spoke to him, and appointed him to prophethood and commanded him to go to Egypt. Then Moses went back to Jethro, his father in law, took his permission and went to Egypt with his family. Contrary to this, the Quran says that the Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) left Midian with his family after completing the term and during this journey Allah spoke to him and appointed him to prophethood.

Both the Bible and the Talmud agree that the Pharaoh in whose house Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) had been brought up had died during his stay in Midian, and now another Pharaoh was the king of Egypt.

43. That is, on that side of the valley which lay to the right of the Prophet Moses (peace be upon him).

44. These two miracles were shown to the Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) at that time so that, firstly, he himself is fully convinced that the same Being Who is speaking to him is, in fact, the Creator and Master and Ruler of the whole system of the universe and secondly, he should have full satisfaction that he was not going unarmed before Pharaoh, to perform the dangerous mission assigned to him, but would go well armed with the two powerful weapons.

44. These two miracles were shown to the Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) at that time so that, firstly, he himself is fully convinced that the same Being Who is speaking to him is, in fact, the Creator and Master and Ruler of the whole system of the universe and secondly, he should have full satisfaction that he was not going unarmed before Pharaoh, to perform the dangerous mission assigned to him, but would go well armed with the two powerful weapons.

45. That is, “Whenever you experience the fear of any danger, fold back your arm to yourself: this will strengthen your heart and will deliver you completely from every feeling of fear and dread.”

The arm probably implies the right arm. The arm can be folded back in two ways: either by bringing the arm and pressing it against the side, or by pressing one hand under the armpit of the other. Probably the first way was implied, for in that case the other person cannot perceive that one is specially doing so in order to ward off fear.

The Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) was taught this device because he was being sent to counter a tyrannical government without any army and worldly equipment. He was going to meet with many a dreadful situation when a great Prophet could not also remain safe from fear and terror. Allah said to him, “Whenever you face such a situation, just do this, and Pharaoh will not be able to shake your heart in spite of all the power of his mighty kingdom.”

46. The words by themselves imply: “Go to Pharaoh with these signs and present yourself as Allah’s Messenger, and invite him and his chiefs to the obedience and worship of Allah, Lord of the worlds.” That is why his appointment has not been specified here, though at other places it has been clearly stated, thus: “Go to Pharaoh for he has become rebellious” (Surah Ta-Ha: Ayat 24). And: “When your Lord called Moses, saying: Go forth to the wicked people, the people of Pharaoh”. (Surah Ash-Shuara: Ayat 10).

47. It did not mean that he was hesitant to go there because of the fear, but it meant this: “Kindly make some such arrangement that I am not apprehended on the charge of murder just on arrival even before I may convey to them Your message, for in that case the very object for which I am being sent will be defeated.” The next verse makes it plain that the Prophet Moses (peace be upon him), by this submission, did not at all mean to reject the office of prophethood and refuse to go before Pharaoh because of the fear.

48. This meeting of the Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) with Allah and the mutual conversation has been described in much greater detail in (Surah Ta-Ha Ayats 9- 48). Anyone who compares this Quranic version with the story given in the Bible will himself be able to judge which of the two is a divine revelation and which one is the result of human story telling. Besides, he will also be able to judge whether the Quranic version is, God forbid, a plagiarism of the Bible and Israelite traditions, or that God Himself is describing the actual event, Who had honored Moses (peace be upon him) by calling him up into His Presence. See (E.N. 19 of Surah Ta-Ha).

49. The words of the text mean “Fabricated or forged magic.” If fabrication is taken to mean falsehood, it would mean, “The staff's turning into a serpent and the shining of the hand is not any real change in the nature of the thing itself, but a mere illusion, which this man calls a miracle in order to deceive us.” And if it is taken to mean a forgery, it will imply: “This person has forged something which appears to be a staff; but when it is thrown on the ground, it moves like a snake. As for the hand, he has rubbed something on it so that when he draws it out of the armpit, it shines. He himself works these magical tricks but tries to make us believe that these are miracles which God has granted him.”

50. The reference is to the teachings which the Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) had presented while conveying this message of Tauhid. The details have been given at other places in the Quran. For example, according to (Surah An-Naziyat: Ayats 18-19), he said to Pharaoh: “Will you mind to purify yourself, that I may guide you to your Lord so that you may have fear (of Him)?” And in (Surah Ta Ha: Ayats 47-48), “We have come to you with signs from your Lord; peace is for him who follows the right way. We have been informed by revelation that there is punishment for him who rejects it and turns away.” And: “We are Messengers from your Lord: so let the Israelites go with us.” It was about these things that Pharaoh said, “Even our forefathers had never heard that there was a Being more powerful than Pharaoh of Egypt, Who was authorized to command him, to punish him, to send a man to his court to convey His instructions to him, and to warn the king of Egypt to fear Him. These are strange things which we are hearing today from a man like you.”