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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
Tafsirs: Maarif | Dawat | Ishraq | Clear

 Surah Muhammad 47:29-38 [4/4] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
أَمْOr do
حَسِبَthink
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
فِىin
قُلُوبِهِمtheir hearts
مَّرَضٌ(is) a disease
أَنthat
لَّنnever
يُخْرِجَ ٱللَّهُwill Allah bring forth
أَضْغَـٰنَهُمْtheir hatred?
﴿٢٩﴾
وَلَوْAnd if
نَشَآءُWe willed
لَأَرَيْنَـٰكَهُمْsurely, We could show them to you
فَلَعَرَفْتَهُمand you would know them
بِسِيمَـٰهُمْ‌ۚby their marks;
وَلَتَعْرِفَنَّهُمْbut surely, you will know them
فِىby
لَحْنِ(the) tone
ٱلْقَوْلِ‌ۚ(of their) speech.
وَٱللَّهُAnd Allah
يَعْلَمُknows
أَعْمَـٰلَكُمْyour deeds.
﴿٣٠﴾
وَلَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْAnd surely We will test you
حَتَّىٰuntil
نَعْلَمَWe make evident
ٱلْمُجَـٰهِدِينَthose who strive
مِنكُمْamong you
وَٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَand the patient ones,
وَنَبْلُوَاْand We will test
أَخْبَارَكُمْyour affairs.
﴿٣١﴾
إِنَّIndeed,
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
كَفَرُواْdisbelieve
وَصَدُّواْand turn away
عَنfrom
سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ(the) way of Allah
وَشَآقُّواْand opposed
ٱلرَّسُولَthe Messenger
مِنۢ بَعْدِafter
مَا[what]
تَبَيَّنَhas been made clear
لَهُمُto them
ٱلْهُدَىٰthe guidance,
لَنnever
يَضُرُّواْwill they harm
ٱللَّهَAllah
شَيْــًٔا(in) anything,
وَسَيُحْبِطُand He will make worthless
أَعْمَـٰلَهُمْtheir deeds.
﴿٣٢﴾
۞ يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْO you who believe!
أَطِيعُواْObey
ٱللَّهَAllah
وَأَطِيعُواْand obey
ٱلرَّسُولَthe Messenger,
وَلَاand (do) not
تُبْطِلُوٓاْmake vain
أَعْمَـٰلَكُمْyour deeds.
﴿٣٣﴾
إِنَّIndeed,
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
كَفَرُواْdisbelieve
وَصَدُّواْand turn away
عَنfrom
سَبِيلِ(the) way
ٱللَّهِ(of) Allah,
ثُمَّthen
مَاتُواْdied
وَهُمْwhile they
كُفَّارٌ(were) disbelievers,
فَلَنnever
يَغْفِرَ ٱللَّهُwill Allah forgive
لَهُمْthem.
﴿٣٤﴾
فَلَاSo (do) not
تَهِنُواْweaken
وَتَدْعُوٓاْand call
إِلَىfor
ٱلسَّلْمِpeace
وَأَنتُمُwhile you
ٱلْأَعْلَوْنَ(are) superior,
وَٱللَّهُand Allah
مَعَكُمْ(is) with you
وَلَنand never
يَتِرَكُمْwill deprive you
أَعْمَـٰلَكُمْ(of) your deeds.
﴿٣٥﴾
إِنَّمَاOnly
ٱلْحَيَوٲةُthe life
ٱلدُّنْيَا(of) the world
لَعِبٌ(is) play
وَلَهْوٌ‌ۚand amusement.
وَإِنAnd if
تُؤْمِنُواْyou believe
وَتَتَّقُواْand fear (Allah)
يُؤْتِكُمْHe will give you
أُجُورَكُمْyour rewards
وَلَاand not
يَسْــَٔلْكُمْwill ask you
أَمْوَٲلَكُمْ(for) your wealth.
﴿٣٦﴾
إِنIf
يَسْــَٔلْكُمُوهَاHe were to ask you for it
فَيُحْفِكُمْand press you,
تَبْخَلُواْyou will withhold
وَيُخْرِجْand He will bring forth
أَضْغَـٰنَكُمْyour hatred.
﴿٣٧﴾
هَـٰٓأَنتُمْHere you are -
هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِthese,
تُدْعَوْنَcalled
لِتُنفِقُواْto spend
فِىin
سَبِيلِ(the) way
ٱللَّهِ(of) Allah -
فَمِنكُمbut among you
مَّن(are some) who
يَبْخَلُ‌ۖwithhold,
وَمَنand whoever
يَبْخَلْwithholds,
فَإِنَّمَاthen only
يَبْخَلُhe withholds
عَنfrom
نَّفْسِهِۦ‌ۚhimself.
وَٱللَّهُBut Allah
ٱلْغَنِىُّ(is) Free of need,
وَأَنتُمُwhile you
ٱلْفُقَرَآءُ‌ۚ(are) the needy.
وَإِنAnd if
تَتَوَلَّوْاْyou turn away
يَسْتَبْدِلْHe will replace you
قَوْمًا(with) a people
غَيْرَكُمْother than you,
ثُمَّthen
لَاnot
يَكُونُوٓاْthey will be
أَمْثَـٰلَكُم(the) likes of you.
﴿٣٨﴾

اَمۡ حَسِبَ الَّذِيۡنَ فِىۡ قُلُوۡبِهِمۡ مَّرَضٌ اَنۡ لَّنۡ يُّخۡرِجَ اللّٰهُ اَضۡغَانَهُمۡ‏  وَلَوۡ نَشَآءُ لَاَرَيۡنٰكَهُمۡ فَلَعَرَفۡتَهُمۡ بِسِيۡمٰهُمۡ​ؕ وَلَتَعۡرِفَنَّهُمۡ فِىۡ لَحۡنِ الۡقَوۡلِ​ؕ وَاللّٰهُ يَعۡلَمُ اَعۡمَالَكُمۡ‏  وَلَـنَبۡلُوَنَّكُمۡ حَتّٰى نَعۡلَمَ الۡمُجٰهِدِيۡنَ مِنۡكُمۡ وَالصّٰبِرِيۡنَ ۙ وَنَبۡلُوَا۟ اَخۡبَارَكُمۡ‏  اِنَّ الَّذِيۡنَ كَفَرُوۡا وَصَدُّوۡا عَنۡ سَبِيۡلِ اللّٰهِ وَشَآقُّوا الرَّسُوۡلَ مِنۡۢ بَعۡدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الۡهُدٰىۙ لَنۡ يَّضُرُّوا اللّٰهَ شَيۡـئًا ؕ وَسَيُحۡبِطُ اَعۡمَالَهُمۡ‏  يٰۤاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡۤا اَطِيۡعُوا اللّٰهَ وَاَطِيۡعُوا الرَّسُوۡلَ وَلَا تُبۡطِلُوۡۤا اَعۡمَالَـكُمۡ‏  اِنَّ الَّذِيۡنَ كَفَرُوۡا وَصَدُّوۡا عَنۡ سَبِيۡلِ اللّٰهِ ثُمَّ مَاتُوۡا وَهُمۡ كُفَّارٌ فَلَنۡ يَّغۡفِرَ اللّٰهُ لَهُمۡ‏  فَلَا تَهِنُوۡا وَتَدۡعُوۡۤا اِلَى السَّلۡمِ​ۖ وَاَنۡـتُمُ الۡاَعۡلَوۡنَ​ۖ وَاللّٰهُ مَعَكُمۡ وَلَنۡ يَّتِـرَكُمۡ اَعۡمَالَـكُمۡ‏  اِنَّمَا الۡحَيٰوةُ الدُّنۡيَا لَعِبٌ وَّلَهۡوٌ​ ؕ وَاِنۡ تُؤۡمِنُوۡا وَتَتَّقُوۡا يُؤۡتِكُمۡ اُجُوۡرَكُمۡ وَلَا يَسۡـئَـلۡكُمۡ اَمۡوَالَكُمۡ‏  اِنۡ يَّسۡـئَـلۡكُمُوۡهَا فَيُحۡفِكُمۡ تَبۡخَلُوۡا وَيُخۡرِجۡ اَضۡغَانَكُمۡ‏   هٰۤاَنۡـتُمۡ هٰٓؤُلَاۤءِ تُدۡعَوۡنَ لِتُنۡفِقُوۡا فِىۡ سَبِيۡلِ اللّٰهِ ​ۚ فَمِنۡكُمۡ مَّنۡ يَّبۡخَلُ ​ ۚ وَمَنۡ يَّبۡخَلۡ فَاِنَّمَا يَبۡخَلُ عَنۡ نَّـفۡسِهٖ​ ؕ وَاللّٰهُ الۡغَنِىُّ وَاَنۡـتُمُ الۡفُقَرَآءُ ​ۚ وَاِنۡ تَتَوَلَّوۡا يَسۡتَـبۡدِلۡ قَوۡمًا غَيۡرَكُمۡ ۙ ثُمَّ لَا يَكُوۡنُوۡۤا اَمۡثَالَـكُم‏ 
Translation
(47:29) Or do they, in whose hearts there is a sickness, believe that Allah will not bring their failings to light? (47:30) If We were to so will, We could have shown them to you so that you would recognise them by their faces, and you would certainly know them by the manner of their speech. Allah knows all your deeds. (47:31) We shall certainly test you until We know those of you who truly strive and remain steadfast, and will ascertain about you. (47:32) Those who disbelieved and barred others from Allah's Way and opposed the Messenger after the True Guidance had become manifest to them, they shall not be able to cause Allah the least harm; rather, Allah will reduce all their works to nought.39 (47:33) Believers, obey Allah and obey the Messenger and do not cause your works to be nullified.40 (47:34) Verily Allah shall not forgive those who disbelieved and barred others from Allah's Way and clung to their unbelief until their death. (47:35) So, be not faint-hearted and do not cry for peace.41 You shall prevail. Allah is with you and will not bring your works to nought. (47:36) The life of this world is but sport and amusement.42 If you believe and are God-fearing, He will grant you your reward, and will not ask you for your possessions.43 (47:37) If He were to ask you for your possessions and press you (in that regard), you would have grown niggardly, and Allah would have brought your failings to light.44 (47:38) Behold, you are those who are called upon to spend in Allah's Way, but some of you are niggardly. Whoever is niggardly is in fact niggardly to himself. For Allah is All-Sufficient, whereas it is you who are in need of Him. If you turn away, He will replace you by a people other than you, and they will not be like you.
Commentary

39. This sentence has two meanings:

(1) That Allah will render vain and fruitless all those works which they had performed as good works, and they will get no reward whatever for them in the Hereafter.

(2) That all the devices that they are adopting to obstruct the way of Allah and His Messenger’s (peace be upon him) religion will prove ineffective and fruitless.

40. In other words, the deeds being beneficial and yielding of good results depends wholly on one’s obedience to Allah and His Messenger. After one has turned away from obedience, no deed remains a good deed so that one may deserve any reward for it.

41. Here, one should bear in mind the fact that when this discourse was revealed only a handful of the Muslims consisting of a couple of hundreds of the Muhajirin and Ansar living in the small town of Madinah were upholding the standard of Islam and they were not only faced by the powerful Quraish but also by the whole of pagan Arabia. Such were the conditions when they were exhorted not to show weakness and not to beg (the enemy) for peace, but to make preparations for the decisive conflict. This does not mean that the Muslims should never negotiate for peace, but it means that in a state like this it is not right to initiate peace negotiations when it shows the Muslims’ weakness, for it will still further embolden the enemy. The Muslims should first establish their superiority in power and strength; then if they negotiate peace there will be no harm.

42. That is, as against the Hereafter, this world is no more than a means of temporary entertainment. The success or failure here is not anything real and enduring, which might in any way be important. The real life is the life Hereafter, and its success should be man’s main concern. (For further explanation, see (E.N. 102 of Surah Al-Ankabut).

43. That is, Allah is Self-Sufficient: He does not need taking anything from you for His own self. If He tells you to expend something in His way, He does so not for Himself but only for your own good.

44. That is, He does not put you to any severe trial that may bring out your weaknesses.