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Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
Tafsirs: Maarif | Dawat | Ishraq | Clear

 Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:78-85 [11/16] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
لُعِنَWere cursed
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
كَفَرُواْdisbelieved
مِنۢfrom
بَنِىٓ(the) Children
إِسْرَٲٓءِيلَ(of) Israel
عَلَىٰby
لِسَانِ(the) tongue
دَاوُۥدَ(of) Dawood
وَعِيسَىand Isa,
ٱبْنِson
مَرْيَمَ‌ۚ(of) Maryam,
ذَٲلِكَthat (was)
بِمَاbecause
عَصَواْthey disobeyed
وَّكَانُواْand they were
يَعْتَدُونَtransgressing.
﴿٧٨﴾
كَانُواْ لَاThey had not been
يَتَنَاهَوْنَforbidding each other
عَنfrom
مُّنكَرٍwrongdoing
فَعَلُوهُ‌ۚthey did [it].
لَبِئْسَSurely, evil
مَا(was) what
كَانُواْthey were
يَفْعَلُونَdoing.
﴿٧٩﴾
تَرَىٰYou see
كَثِيرًاmany
مِّنْهُمْof them
يَتَوَلَّوْنَtaking as allies
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
كَفَرُواْ‌ۚdisbelieved.
لَبِئْسَSurely evil
مَا(is) what
قَدَّمَتْsent forth
لَهُمْfor them
أَنفُسُهُمْtheir souls,
أَنthat
سَخِطَ ٱللَّهُAllah became angry
عَلَيْهِمْwith them
وَفِىand in
ٱلْعَذَابِthe punishment
هُمْthey
خَـٰلِدُونَ(will) abide forever.
﴿٨٠﴾
وَلَوْAnd if
كَانُواْthey had
يُؤْمِنُونَbelieved
بِٱللَّهِin Allah
وَٱلنَّبِىِّand the Prophet
وَمَآand what
أُنزِلَhas been revealed
إِلَيْهِto him,
مَاnot
ٱتَّخَذُوهُمْthey (would have) taken them
أَوْلِيَآءَ(as) allies;
وَلَـٰكِنَّ[and] but
كَثِيرًاmany
مِّنْهُمْof them
فَـٰسِقُونَ(are) defiantly disobedient.
﴿٨١﴾
۞ لَتَجِدَنَّSurely you will find
أَشَدَّstrongest
ٱلنَّاسِ(of) the people
عَدَٲوَةً(in) enmity
لِّلَّذِينَto those who
ءَامَنُواْbelieve,
ٱلْيَهُودَthe Jews
وَٱلَّذِينَand those who
أَشْرَكُواْ‌ۖ(are) polytheists;
وَلَتَجِدَنَّand surely you will find
أَقْرَبَهُمnearest of them
مَّوَدَّةً(in) affection
لِّلَّذِينَto those who
ءَامَنُواْbelieve,
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
قَالُوٓاْsay,
إِنَّا`We
نَصَـٰرَىٰ‌ۚ(are) Christians.`
ذَٲلِكَThat (is)
بِأَنَّbecause
مِنْهُمْamong them
قِسِّيسِينَ(are) priests
وَرُهْبَانًاand monks,
وَأَنَّهُمْand that they
لَا(are) not
يَسْتَكْبِرُونَarrogant.
﴿٨٢﴾
وَإِذَاAnd when
سَمِعُواْthey listen
مَآ(to) what
أُنزِلَhas been revealed
إِلَىto
ٱلرَّسُولِthe Messenger,
تَرَىٰٓyou see
أَعْيُنَهُمْtheir eyes
تَفِيضُoverflowing
مِنَwith
ٱلدَّمْعِthe tears,
مِمَّاfor what
عَرَفُواْthey recognized
مِنَof
ٱلْحَقِّ‌ۖthe truth.
يَقُولُونَThey say,
رَبَّنَآ`Our Lord,
ءَامَنَّاwe have believed
فَٱكْتُبْنَاso write us
مَعَwith
ٱلشَّـٰهِدِينَthe witnesses.
﴿٨٣﴾
وَمَاAnd what
لَنَاfor us (that)
لَاnot
نُؤْمِنُwe believe
بِٱللَّهِin Allah
وَمَاand what
جَآءَنَاcame (to) us
مِنَfrom
ٱلْحَقِّthe truth?
وَنَطْمَعُAnd we hope
أَنthat
يُدْخِلَنَاwill admit us
رَبُّنَاour Lord
مَعَwith
ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَthe righteous people.`
﴿٨٤﴾
فَأَثَـٰبَهُمُ ٱللَّهُSo Allah rewarded them
بِمَاfor what
قَالُواْthey said
جَنَّـٰتٍ(with) Gardens
تَجْرِىflows
مِنfrom
تَحْتِهَاunderneath them
ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُthe rivers,
خَـٰلِدِينَwill abide forever
فِيهَا‌ۚin it.
وَذَٲلِكَAnd that
جَزَآءُ(is the) reward
ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ(of) the good-doers.
﴿٨٥﴾

لُعِنَ الَّذِيۡنَ كَفَرُوۡا مِنۡۢ بَنِىۡۤ اِسۡرَآءِيۡلَ عَلٰى لِسَانِ دَاوٗدَ وَعِيۡسَى ابۡنِ مَرۡيَمَ​ ؕ ذٰ لِكَ بِمَا عَصَوْا وَّكَانُوۡا يَعۡتَدُوۡنَ‏  كَانُوۡا لَا يَتَـنَاهَوۡنَ عَنۡ مُّنۡكَرٍ فَعَلُوۡهُ ​ؕ لَبِئۡسَ مَا كَانُوۡا يَفۡعَلُوۡنَ‏  تَرٰى كَثِيۡرًا مِّنۡهُمۡ يَتَوَلَّوۡنَ الَّذِيۡنَ كَفَرُوۡا​ؕ لَبِئۡسَ مَا قَدَّمَتۡ لَهُمۡ اَنۡفُسُهُمۡ اَنۡ سَخِطَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَفِى الۡعَذَابِ هُمۡ خٰلِدُوۡنَ‏  وَلَوۡ كَانُوۡا يُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَالنَّبِىِّ وَمَاۤ اُنۡزِلَ اِلَيۡهِ مَا اتَّخَذُوۡهُمۡ اَوۡلِيَآءَ وَلٰـكِنَّ كَثِيۡرًا مِّنۡهُمۡ فٰسِقُوۡنَ‏  لَـتَجِدَنَّ اَشَدَّ النَّاسِ عَدَاوَةً لِّـلَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوا الۡيَهُوۡدَ وَالَّذِيۡنَ اَشۡرَكُوۡا​ ۚ وَلَـتَجِدَنَّ اَ قۡرَبَهُمۡ مَّوَدَّةً لِّـلَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوا الَّذِيۡنَ قَالُوۡۤا اِنَّا نَصٰرٰى​ ؕ ذٰ لِكَ بِاَنَّ مِنۡهُمۡ قِسِّيۡسِيۡنَ وَرُهۡبَانًا وَّاَنَّهُمۡ لَا يَسۡتَكۡبِرُوۡنَ‏  وَاِذَا سَمِعُوۡا مَاۤ اُنۡزِلَ اِلَى الرَّسُوۡلِ تَرٰٓى اَعۡيُنَهُمۡ تَفِيۡضُ مِنَ الدَّمۡعِ مِمَّا عَرَفُوۡا مِنَ الۡحَـقِّ​ۚ يَقُوۡلُوۡنَ رَبَّنَاۤ اٰمَنَّا فَاكۡتُبۡنَا مَعَ الشّٰهِدِيۡنَ‏  وَمَا لَـنَا لَا نُؤۡمِنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَمَا جَآءَنَا مِنَ الۡحَـقِّۙ وَنَطۡمَعُ اَنۡ يُّدۡخِلَـنَا رَبُّنَا مَعَ الۡقَوۡمِ الصّٰلِحِيۡنَ‏  فَاَثَابَهُمُ اللّٰهُ بِمَا قَالُوۡا جَنّٰتٍ تَجۡرِىۡ مِنۡ تَحۡتِهَا الۡاَنۡهٰرُ خٰلِدِيۡنَ فِيۡهَا​ ؕ وَذٰ لِكَ جَزَآءُ الۡمُحۡسِنِيۡنَ‏ 
Translation
(5:78) Those of the Children of Israel who took to unbelief have been cursed by the tongue of David and Jesus, son of Mary, for they rebelled and exceeded the bounds of right. (5:79) They did not forbid each other from committing the abominable deeds they committed.102 Indeed what they did was evil. (5:80) And now you can see many of them taking the unbelievers (instead of the believers) for their allies. Indeed they have prepared evil for themselves. Allah is angry with them, and they shall abide in chastisement. (5:81) For had they truly believed in Allah and the Messenger and what was sent down to him, they would not have taken unbelievers (instead of believers) for their allies.103 But many of them have rebelled against Allah altogether. (5:82) Of all men you will find the Jews and those who associate others with Allah in His divinity to be the most hostile to those who believe; and you will surely find that of ail people they who say: 'We are Christians', are closest to feeling affection for those who believe. This is because there are worshipful priests and monks among them, and because they are not arrogant. (5:83) And when they hear what has been revealed to the Messenger you see that their eyes overflow with tears because of the Truth that they recognize and they say: 'Our Lord! We do believe; write us down, therefore, with those who bear witness (to the Truth). (5:84) And why should we not believe in Allah and the Truth which has come down to us when we do fervently desire that our Lord include us among the righteous?' (5:85) So Allah rewarded them for these words with Gardens beneath which rivers flow so that they would abide there for ever. Such is the reward of the people who do good.
Commentary

102. The corruption of any nation begins with that of a few individuals. If the collective conscience of that nation is alive, the pressure of public opinion keeps those persons in check and prevents the nation as a whole from becoming corrupted. But if instead of censuring such individuals, the nation leaves them free to behave corruptly, the corruption originally confined to a few continues to spread till it engulfs the whole nation. It was this which ultimately caused the degeneration of Israel. (For the curse against Israel in the words of David and Jesus see Psalms 10, 50 and Matthew 23.)

103. It seems natural that those who believe in God and the Prophets and the Scriptures, compared with the polytheists, would naturally be more sympathetic to those who at least share with them belief in God, in prophethood and in .revelation (whatever their disagreements on other religious issues). It was ironic, therefore, that the Jews should openly support the polytheists in the struggle between polytheism and monotheism, and that their sympathies in the conflict between those who rejected prophethood and those who believed in it should lie expressly with the former. Despite all this, they brazenly claimed to be true believers in God, in the Prophets and in the Scriptures.