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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
Tafsirs: Maarif | Dawat | Ishraq | Clear

 Surah Yunus 10:41-46 [5/11] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
وَإِنAnd if
كَذَّبُوكَthey deny you
فَقُلthen say,
لِّى"For me
عَمَلِى(are) my deeds,
وَلَكُمْand for you
عَمَلُكُمْ‌ۖ(are) your deeds.
أَنتُمYou
بَرِيٓــُٔونَ(are) disassociated
مِمَّآfrom what
أَعْمَلُI do,
وَأَنَا۟and I am
بَرِىٓءٌdisassociated
مِّمَّاfrom what
تَعْمَلُونَyou do."
﴿٤١﴾
وَمِنْهُمAnd among them
مَّن(are some) who
يَسْتَمِعُونَlisten
إِلَيْكَ‌ۚto you.
أَفَأَنتَBut (can) you
تُسْمِعُ ٱلصُّمَّcause the deaf to hear
وَلَوْeven though
كَانُواْthey [were]
لَا(do) not
يَعْقِلُونَuse reason?
﴿٤٢﴾
وَمِنْهُمAnd among them
مَّن(are some) who
يَنظُرُlook
إِلَيْكَ‌ۚat you.
أَفَأَنتَBut (can) you
تَهْدِىguide
ٱلْعُمْىَthe blind
وَلَوْeven though
كَانُواْthey [were]
لَا(do) not
يُبْصِرُونَsee?
﴿٤٣﴾
إِنَّIndeed,
ٱللَّهَAllah
لَا(does) not
يَظْلِمُwrong
ٱلنَّاسَthe people
شَيْــًٔا(in) anything,
وَلَـٰكِنَّbut
ٱلنَّاسَthe people
أَنفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَwrong themselves.
﴿٤٤﴾
وَيَوْمَAnd the Day
يَحْشُرُهُمْHe will gather them,
كَأَنas if
لَّمْ يَلْبَثُوٓاْthey had not remained
إِلَّاexcept
سَاعَةًan hour
مِّنَof
ٱلنَّهَارِthe day,
يَتَعَارَفُونَthey will recognize each other
بَيْنَهُمْ‌ۚbetween them.
قَدْCertainly,
خَسِرَ(will have) lost
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
كَذَّبُواْdenied
بِلِقَآءِthe meeting
ٱللَّهِ(with) Allah,
وَمَاand not
كَانُواْthey were
مُهْتَدِينَthe guided ones.
﴿٤٥﴾
وَإِمَّاAnd whether
نُرِيَنَّكَWe show you
بَعْضَsome
ٱلَّذِى(of) that which
نَعِدُهُمْWe promised them
أَوْor
نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَWe cause you to die,
فَإِلَيْنَاthen to Us
مَرْجِعُهُمْ(is) their return,
ثُمَّthen
ٱللَّهُAllah
شَهِيدٌ(is) a Witness
عَلَىٰover
مَاwhat
يَفْعَلُونَthey do.
﴿٤٦﴾

وَاِنۡ كَذَّبُوۡكَ فَقُلْ لِّىۡ عَمَلِىۡ وَلَـكُمۡ عَمَلُكُمۡ​ۚ اَنۡـتُمۡ بَرِيۡٓـُٔوۡنَ مِمَّاۤ اَعۡمَلُ وَاَنَا بَرِىۡٓءٌ مِّمَّا تَعۡمَلُوۡنَ‏  وَمِنۡهُمۡ مَّنۡ يَّسۡتَمِعُوۡنَ اِلَيۡكَ​ؕ اَفَاَنۡتَ تُسۡمِعُ الصُّمَّ وَلَوۡ كَانُوۡا لَا يَعۡقِلُوۡنَ‏  وَمِنۡهُمۡ مَّنۡ يَّنۡظُرُ اِلَيۡكَ​ ؕ اَفَاَنۡتَ تَهۡدِى الۡعُمۡىَ وَ لَوۡ كَانُوۡا لَا يُبۡصِرُوۡنَ‏  اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَا يَظۡلِمُ النَّاسَ شَيۡـئًا وَّلٰـكِنَّ النَّاسَ اَنۡفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُوۡنَ‏  وَيَوۡمَ يَحۡشُرُهُمۡ كَاَنۡ لَّمۡ يَلۡبَثُوۡۤا اِلَّا سَاعَةً مِّنَ النَّهَارِ يَتَعَارَفُوۡنَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ​ؕ قَدۡ خَسِرَ الَّذِيۡنَ كَذَّبُوۡا بِلِقَآءِ اللّٰهِ وَمَا كَانُوۡا مُهۡتَدِيۡنَ‏  وَاِمَّا نُرِيَـنَّكَ بَعۡضَ الَّذِىۡ نَعِدُهُمۡ اَوۡ نَـتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَاِلَيۡنَا مَرۡجِعُهُمۡ ثُمَّ اللّٰهُ شَهِيۡدٌ عَلٰى مَا يَفۡعَلُوۡنَ‏ 
Translation
(10:41) And if they reject you as false, tell them: 'My deeds are for myself and your deeds for yourselves. You will not be held responsible for my deeds, nor I for your deeds.49 (10:42) Of them some seem to give heed to you; will you, then, make the deaf hear even though they understand nothing?50 (10:43) And of them some look towards you; will you, then, guide the blind, even though they can see nothing?51 (10:44) Surely Allah does not wrong men; they rather wrong themselves.52 (10:45) (But today they are oblivious of everything except enjoyment of worldly life.) And on the Day when He will muster all men together, they will feel as though they had been in the world no more than an hour of the day to get acquainted with one another.53 (It will then become evident that) those who called the lie to meeting with Allah54 were utter losers and were not rightly-directed. (10:46) Whether We let you see (during your lifetime) some of the chastisement with which We threaten them, or We call you unto Us (before the chastisement strikes them), in any case they are bound to return to Us. Allah is witness to all what they do.
Commentary

49. This is to say, I don’t want to enter into useless discussions and disputes with you on this score. If I am an impostor, I alone shall bear the consequences for it; and if you are rejecting the truth, you are not doing any harm to me but only to yourselves.

50. Though this and the succeeding verse have been addressed to the Prophet (peace be upon him), these are meant to reprove those people who were not paying attention to the Message. For they only heard the sounds of the words he spoke to them, just as the animals hear the sound of the words, but pay no attention to understand what is said to them. This was because they were prejudiced against him and had already decided that they would not acknowledge anything, however, reasonable that may be, if it went against the creeds and ways they had inherited, and against their own desires, lusts, and interests. Likewise those people who live like animals hear the sounds of his words, but pay no attention to their meaning for they are not interested in anything other than eating, drinking and making merry. They are so engaged in and intoxicated with the gratification of their lusts that they never bother to find out whether what they are doing is right or wrong. All such people are deaf to the Message, though they might have ears for other things.

51. Here again they may be likened to animals which see with their eyes but cannot perceive anything beyond what appears on the surface. Likewise those people saw the Prophet (peace be upon him) and his companions, but did not perceive their pure life for they did not have the true vision to see the wonderful change that was coming in the lives of those who had listened to and accepted the Message.

As has been pointed out in (E.N. 50), though these verses were addressed to the Prophet (peace be upon him), they were really meant to reprove and admonish the disbelievers in a subtle manner so as to arouse their dormant faculties of hearing and seeing and open these for the reception and acceptance of the rational and sympathetic Message. In order to understand the wisdom of this indirect method of admonition, let us take the example of two righteous friends. One of them who lived among corrupt people did his very best to convey the righteous message both by precept and by practice. He set the model of the highest moral conduct and character before them, and urged them in a sincere and sympathetic manner to consider their own moral condition, and admonished them in a very sincere and rational manner to make them realize that they were living in a very corrupt moral state, and advised them to adopt the right way of life. But none of them would pay any attention to his admonition nor learn any lesson from his pure life. Suppose his friend came there at that time and said: Why are you giving advice to these deaf people and showing the way to these blind ones, who have no ears for good things and no eyes for the right way? It is obvious that these words would not have been uttered by way of dissuading the first friend from doing his reform work but for arousing the dormant faculties of the corrupt people by this subtle indirect method.

52. “Allah does not wrong mankind” because He gives them ears to hear, eyes to see and hearts to feel and ponder, and everything that is required to enable them to discriminate between right and wrong, truth and falsehood. But it is “But mankind wrong themselves” by refusing to make the right and proper use of their faculties and by following their lusts and enjoying the things of this world. Naturally this has made their eyes so blind and their ears so deaf and their hearts so dead that they are incapable of distinguishing between right and wrong, good and bad, for their conscience has also become dead.

53. That is, when they will enter the Hereafter and contrast its eternal life with the transitory life they lived in this world, they will realize that their past life was nothing in comparison with the eternal future life of the Hereafter. Then they will see clearly that it was a big folly to spoil the eternal life for the sake of transitory joys and paltry gains of the world.

54. They were losers because they forgot that one day they would have to present themselves before Allah and as a result of this disbelief they committed evil deeds.