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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
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Tafsirs: Maarif | Dawat | Ishraq | Clear

 Surah Al-Kahf 18:23-26 [4/12]
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
وَلَاAnd (do) not
تَقُولَنَّsay
لِشَاْىْءٍof anything,
إِنِّى"Indeed, I
فَاعِلٌwill do
ذَٲلِكَthat
غَدًاtomorrow."
﴿٢٣﴾
إِلَّآExcept,
أَن"If
يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ‌ۚAllah wills."
وَٱذْكُرAnd remember
رَّبَّكَyour Lord
إِذَاwhen
نَسِيتَyou forget
وَقُلْand say,
عَسَىٰٓ"Perhaps
أَن[that]
يَهْدِيَنِwill guide me
رَبِّىmy Lord
لِأَقْرَبَto a nearer (way)
مِنْthan
هَـٰذَاthis
رَشَدًاright way."
﴿٢٤﴾
وَلَبِثُواْAnd they remained
فِىin
كَهْفِهِمْtheir cave
ثَلَـٰثَ(for) three
مِاْئَةٍhundred
سِنِينَyears
وَٱزْدَادُواْand add
تِسْعًاnine.
﴿٢٥﴾
قُلِSay,
ٱللَّهُ"Allah
أَعْلَمُknows best
بِمَاabout what (period)
لَبِثُواْ‌ۖthey remained.
لَهُۥFor Him
غَيْبُ(is the) unseen
ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ(of) the heavens
وَٱلْأَرْضِ‌ۖand the earth.
أَبْصِرْHow clearly He sees!
بِهِۦ[of it]
وَأَسْمِعْ‌ۚAnd how clearly He hears!
مَاNot
لَهُمfor them
مِّن دُونِهِۦbesides Him
مِنany
وَلِىٍّprotector,
وَلَاand not
يُشْرِكُHe shares
فِى[in]
حُكْمِهِۦٓHis Commands
أَحَدًا(with) anyone."
﴿٢٦﴾


وَلَا تَقُوۡلَنَّ لِشَاىۡءٍ اِنِّىۡ فَاعِلٌ ذٰ لِكَ غَدًا ۙ‏  اِلَّاۤ اَنۡ يَّشَآءَ اللّٰهُ​ وَاذۡكُرْ رَّبَّكَ اِذَا نَسِيۡتَ وَقُلۡ عَسٰٓى اَنۡ يَّهۡدِيَنِ رَبِّىۡ لِاَقۡرَبَ مِنۡ هٰذَا رَشَدًا‏  وَلَبِثُوۡا فِىۡ كَهۡفِهِمۡ ثَلٰثَ مِائَةٍ سِنِيۡنَ وَازۡدَادُوۡا تِسۡعًا‏   قُلِ اللّٰهُ اَعۡلَمُ بِمَا لَبِثُوۡا​ ۚ لَهٗ غَيۡبُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالۡاَرۡضِ​ ؕ اَبۡصِرۡ بِهٖ وَاَسۡمِعۡ​ ؕ مَا لَهُمۡ مِّنۡ دُوۡنِهٖ مِنۡ وَّلِىٍّ  وَّلَا يُشۡرِكُ فِىۡ حُكۡمِهٖۤ اَحَدًا‏ 

Translation
(18:23) And never say about anything: "I shall certainly do this tomorrow" (18:24) unless Allah should will it. And should you forget (and make such a statement), remember your Lord and say: "I expect my Lord to guide me24 to what is nearer to rectitude than this." (18:25) They remained in the Cave for three hundred years; and others added nine more years.25 (18:26) Say: "Allah knows best how long they remained in it, for only He knows all that is hidden in the heavens and the earth. How well He sees; how well He hears! The creatures have no other guardian than Him; He allows none to share His authority."

Commentary

24. This is a parenthetical clause which has been inserted here because of its relevancy to the preceding verse, in which it was asserted that the correct number of the sleepers of the cave is known only to Allah and a research into it is a useless task. Therefore one should refrain from investigating into unimportant things, nor enter into discussions about them. This has led to the instruction contained in the parenthetical clause for the benefit of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the believers who have been told never to make a positive assertion like this: I will do this thing tomorrow, for you do not know whether you will be able to do that thing or not: you have neither the knowledge of the unknown nor have full powers to do what you like. If ever inadvertently you utter anything like this, you should at once remember your Lord and say, InshaAllah. Besides this you do not know whether there will be any good for you in the thing about which you say: I will do this. It is possible that you may do another thing better than that. Therefore you should trust in God and say: I hope that my Lord will guide me in this matter with that thing which is nearer to the right way for me.

25. This sentence is connected with the theme preceding the parenthetical clause like this. Some people will say: “They were three and the fourth was their dog...”, and some people will say that they remained in the cave for three hundred years and some others would add nine more years (to the reckoning of the period). We are of the opinion that the number of the years, 300 or 309, has not been stated by Allah Himself but Allah has cited these as sayings of the people. This opinion is based on this succeeding sentence: Allah knows best about the period of their stay there. If the number of years, given in (Ayat 25), had been from Allah, this succeeding sentence would have been meaningless. Abdullah bin Abbas has also opined that this is not the saying of Allah but that of the people which has been cited as a part of the story.