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 Surah Al-Baqarah 2:232-234 [30/40] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
وَإِذَاAnd when
طَلَّقْتُمُyou divorce
ٱلنِّسَآءَ[the] women
فَبَلَغْنَand they reached
أَجَلَهُنَّtheir (waiting) term,
فَلَاthen (do) not
تَعْضُلُوهُنَّhinder them
أَنfrom [that]
يَنكِحْنَmarrying
أَزْوَٲجَهُنَّtheir husbands
إِذَاwhen
تَرَٲضَوْاْthey agree
بَيْنَهُمbetween themselves
بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ‌ۗin a fair manner.
ذَٲلِكَThat
يُوعَظُis admonished
بِهِۦwith it
مَنwhoever
كَانَ[is]
مِنكُمْamong you
يُؤْمِنُbelieves
بِٱللَّهِin Allah
وَٱلْيَوْمِand the Day
ٱلْأَخِرِ‌ۗ[the] Last;
ذَٲلِكُمْthat
أَزْكَىٰ(is) more virtuous
لَكُمْfor you
وَأَطْهَرُ‌ۗand more purer.
وَٱللَّهُAnd Allah
يَعْلَمُknows
وَأَنتُمْand you
لَا تَعْلَمُونَ(do) not know.
﴿٢٣٢﴾
۞ وَٱلْوَٲلِدَٲتُAnd the mothers
يُرْضِعْنَshall suckle
أَوْلَـٰدَهُنَّtheir children
حَوْلَيْنِ(for) two years
كَامِلَيْنِ‌ۖcomplete,
لِمَنْfor whoever
أَرَادَwishes
أَنto
يُتِمَّcomplete
ٱلرَّضَاعَةَ‌ۚthe suckling.
وَعَلَىAnd upon
ٱلْمَوْلُودِ لَهُۥthe father
رِزْقُهُنَّ(is) their provision
وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّand their clothing
بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ‌ۚin a fair manner.
لَاNot
تُكَلَّفُis burdened
نَفْسٌany soul
إِلَّاexcept
وُسْعَهَا‌ۚits capacity.
لَاNot
تُضَآرَّmade to suffer
وَٲلِدَةُۢ(the) mother
بِوَلَدِهَاbecause of her child
وَلَاand not
مَوْلُودٌ لَّهُۥ(the) father
بِوَلَدِهِۦ‌ۚbecause of his child.
وَعَلَىAnd on
ٱلْوَارِثِthe heirs
مِثْلُ(is a duty) like
ذَٲلِكَ‌ۗthat.
فَإِنْThen if
أَرَادَاthey both desire
فِصَالاًweaning
عَنthrough
تَرَاضٍmutual consent
مِّنْهُمَاof both of them
وَتَشَاوُرٍand consultation,
فَلَاthen no
جُنَاحَblame
عَلَيْهِمَا‌ۗon both of them.
وَإِنْAnd if
أَرَدتُّمْyou want
أَن تَسْتَرْضِعُوٓاْto ask another women to suckle
أَوْلَـٰدَكُمْyour child
فَلَاthen (there is) no
جُنَاحَblame
عَلَيْكُمْon you,
إِذَاwhen
سَلَّمْتُمyou pay
مَّآwhat
ءَاتَيْتُم(is) due (from) you
بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ‌ۗin a fair manner.
وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَAnd fear Allah
وَٱعْلَمُوٓاْand know
أَنَّthat
ٱللَّهَAllah
بِمَاof what
تَعْمَلُونَyou do
بَصِيرٌ(is) All-Seer.
﴿٢٣٣﴾
وَٱلَّذِينَAnd those who
يُتَوَفَّوْنَpass away
مِنكُمْamong you
وَيَذَرُونَand leave behind
أَزْوَٲجًاwives,
يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ(the widows) should wait for themselves
أَرْبَعَةَ(for) four
أَشْهُرٍmonths
وَعَشْرًا‌ۖand ten (days).
فَإِذَاThen when
بَلَغْنَthey reach
أَجَلَهُنَّtheir (specified) term,
فَلَاthen (there is) no
جُنَاحَblame
عَلَيْكُمْupon you
فِيمَاfor what
فَعَلْنَthey do
فِىٓ أَنفُسِهِنَّconcerning themselves
بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ‌ۗin a fair manner.
وَٱللَّهُAnd Allah
بِمَاof what
تَعْمَلُونَyou do
خَبِيرٌ(is) All-Aware.
﴿٢٣٤﴾

وَاِذَا طَلَّقۡتُمُ النِّسَآءَ فَبَلَغۡنَ اَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا تَعۡضُلُوۡهُنَّ اَنۡ يَّنۡكِحۡنَ اَزۡوَاجَهُنَّ اِذَا تَرَاضَوۡا بَيۡنَهُمۡ بِالۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ​ؕ ذٰ لِكَ يُوۡعَظُ بِهٖ مَنۡ كَانَ مِنۡكُمۡ يُؤۡمِنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَالۡيَوۡمِ الۡاٰخِرِؕ ذٰ لِكُمۡ اَزۡکٰى لَـكُمۡ وَاَطۡهَرُؕ​ وَاللّٰهُ يَعۡلَمُ وَاَنۡـتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُوۡنَ‏   وَالۡوَالِدٰتُ يُرۡضِعۡنَ اَوۡلَادَهُنَّ حَوۡلَيۡنِ كَامِلَيۡنِ​ لِمَنۡ اَرَادَ اَنۡ يُّتِمَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ ​ ؕ وَعَلَى الۡمَوۡلُوۡدِ لَهٗ رِزۡقُهُنَّ وَكِسۡوَتُهُنَّ بِالۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ​ؕ لَا تُكَلَّفُ نَفۡسٌ اِلَّا وُسۡعَهَا ۚ لَا تُضَآرَّ وَالِدَةٌ ۢ بِوَلَدِهَا وَلَا مَوۡلُوۡدٌ لَّهٗ بِوَلَدِهٖ وَعَلَى الۡوَارِثِ مِثۡلُ ذٰ لِكَ ۚ فَاِنۡ اَرَادَا فِصَالًا عَنۡ تَرَاضٍ مِّنۡهُمَا وَتَشَاوُرٍ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيۡهِمَا ​ؕ وَاِنۡ اَرَدْتُّمۡ اَنۡ تَسۡتَرۡضِعُوۡٓا اَوۡلَادَكُمۡ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ اِذَا سَلَّمۡتُمۡ مَّآ اٰتَيۡتُمۡ بِالۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ​ؕ وَاتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ وَاعۡلَمُوۡٓا اَنَّ اللّٰهَ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُوۡنَ بَصِيۡرٌ‏  وَالَّذِيۡنَ يُتَوَفَّوۡنَ مِنۡكُمۡ وَيَذَرُوۡنَ اَزۡوَاجًا يَّتَرَبَّصۡنَ بِاَنۡفُسِهِنَّ اَرۡبَعَةَ اَشۡهُرٍ وَّعَشۡرًا ​​ۚ فَاِذَا بَلَغۡنَ اَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فِيۡمَا فَعَلۡنَ فِىۡٓ اَنۡفُسِهِنَّ بِالۡمَعۡرُوۡفِؕ وَاللّٰهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُوۡنَ خَبِيۡرٌ‏ 
Translation
(2:232) When you divorce women and they have completed their waiting term do not hinder them from marrying other men if they have agreed to this in a fair manner.256

That is an admonition to everyone of you who believes in Allah and the Last Day; that is a cleaner and purer way for you. For Allah knows whereas you do not know. (2:233) If they (i.e. the fathers) wish that the period of suckling for their children be completed, mothers may suckle their children for two whole years.257 (In such a case) it is incumbent upon him who has begotten the child to provide them (i.e. divorced women) their sustenance and clothing in a fair manner. But none shall be burdened with more than he is able to bear; neither shall a mother suffer because of her child nor shall the father be made to suffer because he has begotten him. The same duty towards the suckling mother rests upon the heir258 as upon him (i.e. the father). And if both (the parents) decide, by mutual consent and consultation, to wean the child, there is no blame on them; if you decide to have other women suckle your children there is no blame upon you, provided you hand over its compensation in a fair manner. Fear Allah and know well that Allah sees all that you do. (2:234) The wives of men who have died must observe a waiting period of four months and ten days;259 when they have reached the end of the waiting term, there is no blame upon you regarding what they may do with themselves in a fair manner. Allah is well aware of what you do.
Commentary

256. This is a directive to the relatives of the divorced woman. When a woman is divorced by her husband and he fails to revoke the divorce before the expiry of the waiting period, the relatives of the woman should not try to prevent the couple from re-marrying if they agree to do so. This verse may also be interpreted to mean that if a divorced woman wants to contract marriage with someone other than her former husband after the expiry of the waiting period, the former husband should not obstruct this marriage by making malicious propaganda against the woman he has forsaken.

That is an admonition to every one of you who believes in Allah and the Last Day; that is a cleaner and purer way for you. For Allah knows whereas you do not know.

257. This injunction applies to the condition where the couple have separated either because of divorce, or klul' see (n. 252 above) or ' faskh (annulment) or tafriq (repudiation as a result of judicial decision) and the woman is nursing a child.

258. That is, if the father dies, whoever replaces him as the guardian of the child will be responsible for fulfilling this claim.

259. The waiting period owing to the death of the husband is obligatory even for a woman with whom consummation of marriage has not taken place. A pregnant woman, however, is exempted from this. Her waiting period expires the husband's death and the childbirth is less than the waiting period prescribed by Law.

'To observe a waiting period' does not mean merely that they should refrain from marrying, but also from self-adornment.

Hence we find categorical directives in the Hadith that a widow should neither wear colourful and showy dresses and jewellery, make use of henna, kohl, and perfumes, nor set her hair in an attractive style. There is disagreement, however, as to whether the widow may go out of her house during the waiting period. 'Umar, 'UthmaAn, Ibn 'Umar, Zayd ibn Thabit, Ibn Mas'uid, Ummn Salamah, Said ibn al-Musayyib, Ibrahim al-Nakha'i, Muhammad ibn Sirin and the founders of the four legal schools are of the opinion that during the waiting period a woman should stay in the house in which her husband died. During the daytime she may go out to do necessary errands, but her residence should be her own home. On contrary, 'A'ishah, Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ali, Jabir ibn 'Abd Allah. 'Ata'. Ta'us, Hasan al-Basri. 'Umar ibn'Abd al'Aziz and the Zahiris are of the opinion that a widow may spend her waiting period wherever she likes, and may even go on journeys. (See the commentary on the verse in JassAs. vol. 1, pp. 418 f. - Ed.)