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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
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 Surah Al-Ahzab 33:9-11 [2/9] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَاO you
ٱلَّذِينَwho
ءَامَنُواْbelieve!
ٱذْكُرُواْRemember
نِعْمَةَ(the) Favor
ٱللَّهِ(of) Allah
عَلَيْكُمْupon you
إِذْwhen
جَآءَتْكُمْcame to you
جُنُودٌ(the) hosts
فَأَرْسَلْنَاand We sent
عَلَيْهِمْupon them
رِيحًاa wind
وَجُنُودًاand hosts
لَّمْnot
تَرَوْهَا‌ۚyou (could) see them.
وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُAnd Allah is
بِمَاof what
تَعْمَلُونَyou do
بَصِيرًاAll-Seer.
﴿٩﴾
إِذْWhen
جَآءُوكُمthey came upon you
مِّنfrom
فَوْقِكُمْabove you
وَمِنْand from
أَسْفَلَbelow
مِنكُمْyou,
وَإِذْand when
زَاغَتِgrew wild
ٱلْأَبْصَـٰرُthe eyes
وَبَلَغَتِand reached
ٱلْقُلُوبُthe hearts
ٱلْحَنَاجِرَthe throats,
وَتَظُنُّونَand you assumed
بِٱللَّهِabout Allah
ٱلظُّنُونَا۟the assumptions.
﴿١٠﴾
هُنَالِكَThere -
ٱبْتُلِىَwere tried
ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believers
وَزُلْزِلُواْand shaken
زِلْزَالاً(with a) shake
شَدِيدًاsevere.
﴿١١﴾

يٰۤـاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوا اذۡكُرُوۡا نِعۡمَةَ اللّٰهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ اِذۡ جَآءَتۡكُمۡ جُنُوۡدٌ فَاَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ رِيۡحًا وَّجُنُوۡدًا لَّمۡ تَرَوۡهَا​ ؕ وَكَانَ اللّٰهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُوۡنَ بَصِيۡرًا ۚ‏  اِذۡ جَآءُوۡكُمۡ مِّنۡ فَوۡقِكُمۡ وَمِنۡ اَسۡفَلَ مِنۡكُمۡ وَاِذۡ زَاغَتِ الۡاَبۡصَارُ وَبَلَغَتِ الۡقُلُوۡبُ الۡحَـنَـاجِرَ وَتَظُنُّوۡنَ بِاللّٰهِ الظُّنُوۡنَا ؕ‏  هُنَالِكَ ابۡتُلِىَ الۡمُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ وَزُلۡزِلُوۡا زِلۡزَالًا شَدِيۡدًا‏ 
Translation
(33:9) Believers,18 call to mind Allah's favour to you when enemy hosts invaded you. Then We sent against them a wind and hosts that you did not see although19 Allah was observing all that you were then doing. (33:10) When they came upon you from above you and from below you,20 when your eyes were stupefied with horror and your hearts leapt to your throats, and you began to entertain diverse thoughts about Allah. (33:11) The believers were then put to a severe test and were most violently convulsed.21
Commentary

18. In( Ayats 9-27), an appraisal has been made of the battle of the Trench and the raid against the Bani Quraizah. These were revealed at the end of the raid. One should keep the details of these events in view as given in the introduction above.

19. The windstorm did not lash the enemy forces immediately on their arrival but it occurred while the siege of Al-Madinah had lasted about a month. “Armies whom you did not see” implies the hidden powers which operate in the affairs of men under Allah’s command and of which men are totally unaware. Man regards the occurrence of events and incidents as resulting from apparent causes and does not take into account the hidden forces at work, whereas in most cases these very hidden forces play the decisive role. As these forces function under the command of Allah’s angels, the “armies” may imply the angels as well though there is no indication here of sending the armies of the angels.

20. It may mean: The enemies came upon you from every side, and also that those coming from Najd and Khaiber came from above and those coming from Makkah from below you.”

21. “The believers”: All those who accepted the Prophet (peace be upon him) as Allah’s Messenger and became included among his followers, which comprised both the true believers and the hypocrites. In this paragraph Allah has made mention of the Muslim community as a whole. In the following three paragraphs the attitude of the hypocrites has been commented upon, and the next two deal with the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the true believers.