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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
Tafsirs: Maarif | Dawat | Ishraq | Clear

 Surah Muhammad 47:12-14 [2/4] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
إِنَّIndeed,
ٱللَّهَAllah
يُدْخِلُwill admit
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
ءَامَنُواْbelieve
وَعَمِلُواْand do
ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِrighteous deeds
جَنَّـٰتٍ(to) gardens,
تَجْرِىflow
مِنfrom
تَحْتِهَاunderneath it
ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ‌ۖthe rivers,
وَٱلَّذِينَbut those who
كَفَرُواْdisbelieve
يَتَمَتَّعُونَthey enjoy
وَيَأْكُلُونَand eat
كَمَاas
تَأْكُلُeat
ٱلْأَنْعَـٰمُthe cattle,
وَٱلنَّارُand the Fire
مَثْوًى(will be) an abode
لَّهُمْfor them.
﴿١٢﴾
وَكَأَيِّنAnd how many
مِّنof
قَرْيَةٍa town,
هِىَwhich
أَشَدُّ(was) stronger
قُوَّةً(in) strength
مِّنthan
قَرْيَتِكَyour town
ٱلَّتِىٓwhich
أَخْرَجَتْكَhas driven you out?
أَهْلَكْنَـٰهُمْWe destroyed them,
فَلَاso no
نَاصِرَhelper
لَهُمْfor them.
﴿١٣﴾
أَفَمَنThen is (he) who
كَانَis
عَلَىٰon
بَيِّنَةٍa clear proof
مِّنfrom
رَّبِّهِۦhis Lord
كَمَنlike (he) who,
زُيِّنَis made attractive
لَهُۥfor him
سُوٓءُ(the) evil
عَمَلِهِۦ(of) his deeds
وَٱتَّبَعُوٓاْwhile they follow
أَهْوَآءَهُمtheir desires.
﴿١٤﴾

اِنَّ اللّٰهَ يُدۡخِلُ الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا وَعَمِلُوا الصّٰلِحٰتِ جَنّٰتٍ تَجۡرِىۡ مِنۡ تَحۡتِهَا الۡاَنۡهٰرُ​ ؕ وَالَّذِيۡنَ كَفَرُوۡا يَتَمَتَّعُوۡنَ وَيَاۡكُلُوۡنَ كَمَا تَاۡكُلُ الۡاَنۡعَامُ وَالنَّارُ مَثۡوًى لَّهُمۡ‏  وَكَاَيِّنۡ مِّنۡ قَرۡيَةٍ هِىَ اَشَدُّ قُوَّةً مِّنۡ قَرۡيَتِكَ الَّتِىۡۤ اَخۡرَجَتۡكَ​ۚ اَهۡلَكۡنٰهُمۡ فَلَا نَاصِرَ لَهُمۡ‏  اَفَمَنۡ كَانَ عَلٰى بَيِّنَةٍ مِّنۡ رَّبِّهٖ كَمَنۡ زُيِّنَ لَهٗ سُوۡٓءُ عَمَلِهٖ وَاتَّبَعُوۡۤا اَهۡوَآءَهُمۡ‏ 
Translation
(47:12) Allah shall admit those who believe and do righteous works to the Gardens beneath which rivers flow. As for the unbelievers, they enjoy the pleasures of this transient life and eat as cattle eat.17 The Fire shall be their resort. (47:13) (O Prophet), how many are the cities that had greater power than your city that drove you out? We destroyed them and there was none to protect them.18 (47:14) Then, can he, who is on a Clear Guidance from His Lord, be like him whose evil deeds have been embellished to him, and who pursued their lusts?19
Commentary

17. That is, just as an animal eats and does not think where from the food it eats has come, who has created it, and what rights of the creator are imposed on it for providing it with food, so are these people also eating and have no higher values or ideals beyond eating.

18. The Prophet (peace be upon him) was sorely distressed on leaving Makkah. When he was compelled to emigrate, he had stood facing the city outside it and said: O Makkah, you are the most beloved city in the sight of Allah, and I have the greatest love for you out of all the cities of Allah. If the polytheists had not driven me out, I would never have left you. About this it has been said: After driving you out of the city the people of Makkah think that they have achieved a great success, whereas, in fact, they have hastened only their own ruin by this evil act. The style of the verse clearly indicates that it must have been revealed soon after the Hijrah.

19. That is, how is it possible that when the Prophet and his followers have been guided by God to a clear and straight path and they have started following it in the light of full knowledge and vision, they should walk along, with those who are still persisting in their ways of ignorance, who regard their deviation as guidance and their evildoing as a praiseworthy thing, and who judge on the basis of their personal desires, and not by argument as to what is the truth and what is falsehood. Now, neither can the lives of these two groups be alike in this world nor can their end be alike in the Hereafter.