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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
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 Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:6-6 [2/16] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَاO you
ٱلَّذِينَwho
ءَامَنُوٓاْbelieve!
إِذَاWhen
قُمْتُمْyou stand up
إِلَىfor
ٱلصَّلَوٲةِthe prayer,
فَٱغْسِلُواْthen wash
وُجُوهَكُمْyour faces
وَأَيْدِيَكُمْand your hands
إِلَىtill
ٱلْمَرَافِقِthe elbows
وَٱمْسَحُواْand wipe
بِرُءُوسِكُمْyour heads
وَأَرْجُلَكُمْand your feet
إِلَىtill
ٱلْكَعْبَيْنِ‌ۚthe ankles.
وَإِنBut if
كُنتُمْyou are
جُنُبًا(in) a state of ceremonial impurity
فَٱطَّهَّرُواْ‌ۚthen purify yourselves.
وَإِنBut if
كُنتُمyou are
مَّرْضَىٰٓill
أَوْor
عَلَىٰon
سَفَرٍa journey
أَوْor
جَآءَhas come
أَحَدٌany one
مِّنكُمof you
مِّنَfrom
ٱلْغَآئِطِthe toilet
أَوْor
لَـٰمَسْتُمُhas (had) contact
ٱلنِّسَآءَ(with) the women
فَلَمْand not
تَجِدُواْyou find
مَآءًwater,
فَتَيَمَّمُواْthen do tayyammum
صَعِيدًا(with) earth
طَيِّبًاclean,
فَٱمْسَحُواْthen wipe
بِوُجُوهِكُمْyour faces
وَأَيْدِيكُمand your hands
مِّنْهُ‌ۚwith it.
مَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُAllah (does) not intend
لِيَجْعَلَto make
عَلَيْكُمfor you
مِّنْany
حَرَجٍdifficulty
وَلَـٰكِنbut
يُرِيدُHe intends
لِيُطَهِّرَكُمْto purify you
وَلِيُتِمَّand to complete
نِعْمَتَهُۥHis Favor
عَلَيْكُمْupon you
لَعَلَّكُمْso that you may
تَشْكُرُونَ(be) grateful.
﴿٦﴾

يٰۤـاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡۤا اِذَا قُمۡتُمۡ اِلَى الصَّلٰوةِ فَاغۡسِلُوۡا وُجُوۡهَكُمۡ وَاَيۡدِيَكُمۡ اِلَى الۡمَرَافِقِ وَامۡسَحُوۡا بِرُءُوۡسِكُمۡ وَاَرۡجُلَكُمۡ اِلَى الۡـكَعۡبَيۡنِ​ ؕ وَاِنۡ كُنۡتُمۡ جُنُبًا فَاطَّهَّرُوۡا​ ؕ وَاِنۡ كُنۡتُمۡ مَّرۡضَىٰۤ اَوۡ عَلٰى سَفَرٍ اَوۡ جَآءَ اَحَدٌ مِّنۡكُمۡ مِّنَ الۡغَآئِطِ اَوۡ لٰمَسۡتُمُ النِّسَآءَ فَلَمۡ تَجِدُوۡا مَآءً فَتَيَمَّمُوۡا صَعِيۡدًا طَيِّبًا فَامۡسَحُوۡا بِوُجُوۡهِكُمۡ وَاَيۡدِيۡكُمۡ مِّنۡهُ​ ؕ مَا يُرِيۡدُ اللّٰهُ لِيَجۡعَلَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ مِّنۡ حَرَجٍ وَّلٰـكِنۡ يُّرِيۡدُ لِيُطَهِّرَكُمۡ وَ لِيُتِمَّ نِعۡمَتَهٗ عَلَيۡكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُوۡنَ‏ 
Translation
(5:6) Believers! When you stand up for Prayer wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, and wipe your heads, and wash your feet up to the ankles.24 And if you are in the state of ritual impurity, purify yourselves (by taking a bath).25 But if you are either ill, travelling, have satisfied a want of nature or have had contact with women and find no water then have recourse to clean earth and wipe your faces and your hands therewith.26 Allah does not want to lay any hardship upon you; rather He wants to purify you and complete His favours upon you27 so that you may give thanks.
Commentary

24. The explanation of this injunction by the Prophet (peace be on him) indicates that washing of the face includes rinsing one's mouth and inhaling water into the nostrils. Unless this is done the washing of the face is not considered complete. Likewise, since the ears are part of the head, 'wiping the head' includes wiping one's hands over the external and internal parts of the ears as well. Moreover, before starting to wash the other parts one should first wash one's hands so that the instruments of washing are themselves clean.

25. Janabah (the state of major ritual impurity) - whether caused by the sexual act or merely by seminal discharge - renders it unlawful to perform the ritual Prayer and to touch the Qur'an for further details see (Surah 4, nn. 67-9 )above.

26. For explanation see (Surah 4, nn. 69-70 )above.

27. Just as purity of the soul is a blessing, so is cleanliness of the body. God's favour to man can be completed only when he has received comprehensive direction in respect of both spiritual purity and physical cleanliness.