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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
Tafsirs: Maarif | Dawat | Ishraq | Clear

 Surah Al-An'am 6:130-135 [16/20] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
يَـٰمَعْشَرَO assembly
ٱلْجِنِّ(of) [the] jinn
وَٱلْإِنسِand [the] men!
أَلَمْDid (there) not
يَأْتِكُمْcome to you
رُسُلٌMessengers
مِّنكُمْfrom (among) you,
يَقُصُّونَrelating
عَلَيْكُمْto you
ءَايَـٰتِىMy Verses
وَيُنذِرُونَكُمْand warning you
لِقَآءَ(of the) meeting
يَوْمِكُمْ هَـٰذَا‌ۚ(of) this day of yours?`
قَالُواْThey will say,
شَهِدْنَا`We bear witness
عَلَىٰٓagainst
أَنفُسِنَا‌ۖourselves.`
وَغَرَّتْهُمُAnd deluded them
ٱلْحَيَوٲةُthe life
ٱلدُّنْيَا(of) the world,
وَشَهِدُواْand they will bear witness
عَلَىٰٓagainst
أَنفُسِهِمْthemselves
أَنَّهُمْthat they
كَانُواْwere
كَـٰفِرِينَdisbelievers.
﴿١٣٠﴾
ذَٲلِكَThat (is because)
أَن[that]
لَّمْnot
يَكُنis
رَّبُّكَyour Lord
مُهْلِكَone who destroys
ٱلْقُرَىٰthe cities
بِظُلْمٍfor their wrongdoing
وَأَهْلُهَاwhile their people
غَـٰفِلُونَ(are) unaware.
﴿١٣١﴾
وَلِكُلٍّAnd for all
دَرَجَـٰتٌ(will be) degrees
مِّمَّاfor what
عَمِلُواْ‌ۚthey did.
وَمَاAnd not
رَبُّكَ(is) your Lord
بِغَـٰفِلٍunaware
عَمَّاabout what
يَعْمَلُونَthey do.
﴿١٣٢﴾
وَرَبُّكَAnd your Lord
ٱلْغَنِىُّ(is) the Self-Sufficient
ذُو ٱلرَّحْمَةِ‌ۚOwner of Mercy.
إِنIf
يَشَأْHe wills
يُذْهِبْكُمْHe can take you away
وَيَسْتَخْلِفْand grant succession
مِنۢ بَعْدِكُمafter you
مَّا(to) whom
يَشَآءُHe wills.
كَمَآas
أَنشَأَكُمHe raised you
مِّنfrom
ذُرِّيَّةِthe descendants
قَوْمٍ ءَاخَرِينَ(of) other people.
﴿١٣٣﴾
إِنَّIndeed,
مَاwhat
تُوعَدُونَyou are promised
لَأَتٍ‌ۖ(is) sure to come.
وَمَآ أَنتُمAnd you (can)not
بِمُعْجِزِينَescape (it).
﴿١٣٤﴾
قُلْSay,
يَـٰقَوْمِ`O my people!
ٱعْمَلُواْWork
عَلَىٰon
مَكَانَتِكُمْyour position.
إِنِّىIndeed, I am
عَامِلٌ‌ۖa worker.
فَسَوْفَAnd soon
تَعْلَمُونَyou will know
مَنwho
تَكُونُwill have
لَهُۥfor himself
عَـٰقِبَةُ ٱلدَّارِ‌ۗ(a good) home (in) the end.
إِنَّهُۥIndeed [he],
لَا(will) not
يُفْلِحُsucceed
ٱلظَّـٰلِمُونَthe wrongdoers.`
﴿١٣٥﴾

يٰمَعۡشَرَ الۡجِنِّ وَالۡاِنۡسِ اَلَمۡ يَاۡتِكُمۡ رُسُلٌ مِّنۡكُمۡ يَقُصُّوۡنَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ اٰيٰتِىۡ وَيُنۡذِرُوۡنَكُمۡ لِقَآءَ يَوۡمِكُمۡ هٰذَا​ ؕ قَالُوۡا شَهِدۡنَا عَلٰٓى اَنۡفُسِنَا​ وَغَرَّتۡهُمُ الۡحَيٰوةُ الدُّنۡيَا وَشَهِدُوۡا عَلٰٓى اَنۡفُسِهِمۡ اَنَّهُمۡ كَانُوۡا كٰفِرِيۡنَ‏  ذٰ لِكَ اَنۡ لَّمۡ يَكُنۡ رَّبُّكَ مُهۡلِكَ الۡقُرٰى بِظُلۡمٍ وَّاَهۡلُهَا غٰفِلُوۡنَ‏  وَلِكُلٍّ دَرَجٰتٌ مِّمَّا عَمِلُوۡا​ ؕ وَمَا رَبُّكَ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا يَعۡمَلُوۡنَ‏   وَرَبُّكَ الۡغَنِىُّ ذُو الرَّحۡمَةِ ​ؕ اِنۡ يَّشَاۡ يُذۡهِبۡكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَخۡلِفۡ مِنۡۢ بَعۡدِكُمۡ مَّا يَشَآءُ كَمَاۤ اَنۡشَاَكُمۡ مِّنۡ ذُرِّيَّةِ قَوۡمٍ اٰخَرِيۡنَ ؕ‏  اِنَّ مَا تُوۡعَدُوۡنَ لَاٰتٍ​ ۙوَّمَاۤ اَنۡـتُمۡ بِمُعۡجِزِيۡنَ‏  قُلۡ يٰقَوۡمِ اعۡمَلُوۡا عَلٰى مَكَانَتِكُمۡ اِنِّىۡ عَامِلٌ​ۚ فَسَوۡفَ تَعۡلَمُوۡنَۙ مَنۡ تَكُوۡنُ لَهٗ عَاقِبَةُ الدَّارِ​ؕ اِنَّهٗ لَا يُفۡلِحُ الظّٰلِمُوۡنَ‏ 
Translation
(6:130) (Then Allah will also ask them): 'O assembly of jinn and men! Did there not come to y ou Messengers from among yourselves, relating to you My signs, and warning you of the encounter of this your Day (of Judgement)?' They will say: 'Yes, we bear witness against ourselves.'98 They have been deluded by the life of this world, and they will bear witness against themselves that they had disbelieved.99 (6:131) (They will be made to bear this witness to show that) it is not the way of your Lord to destroy cities unjustly while their people were unaware of the Truth.100 (6:132) Everyone is assigned a degree according to his deed. Your Lord is not heedless of what they do. (6:133) Your Lord is Self-Sufficient, full of compassion.101 If He wills, He can put you away and cause whomever He wills to succeed you just as He has produced you from the seed of another people. (6:134) Surely what you have been promised shall come to pass;102 and you do not have the power to frustrate (Allah). (6:135) Say (O Muhammad!): 'O people! Work in your place; and I too am at work. 103 Soon you will know in whose favour the ultimate decision will be. Surely the wrong-doers will not prosper.'
Commentary

98. The wrong-doers would confess that even though the Prophets had come, in succession, in order to inform them of the Truth, it was their own fault that they did not respond to their call.

99. They were deniers of, and disbelievers in, rather than ignorant of the Truth. They acknowledged tha! the Truth had been conveyed to them and that they had refused to accept it.

100. God does not want His creatures to have any valid reason to complain that He had left them ignorant of the Right Way, and then convicted them of error. God has forestalled any such grievance by sending Prophets and revealing Holy Books to warn both jinn and human beings. If people continue to falter in spite of God's arrangements for their guidance, they themselves are to blame for the punishment they will receive, and they have no justification for blaming their misfortune on God.

101. The Qur'anic statement: 'Your Lord is Self-Sufficient' signifies that God is in need of nothing from anyone, that none of His interests will be jeopardized by disobedience to Him, and that no benefit will accrue to Him from obedience. Even if all human beings became disobedient, God's dominion will not shrink. Nor will His dominion expand if everybody were to become obedient and serve and worship Him as they ought to. God is dependent neither upon their show of veneration nor upon their offerings. He lavishes His limitless treasures on human beings and seeks nothing in return.
The other statement, namely that 'Your Lord is full of compassion', has been made here to emphasize two things. First, that when God urges human beings to follow the Right Way, and asks them not to do anything in conflict with Ultimate Reality, He does not do so because their good behaviour benefits Him or their misconduct harms Him. He does so because good conduct is beneficial to man himself, as evil conduct is harmful to him. Hence it is out of sheer benevolence that God urges man to develop righteous conduct, for it will raise him to great heights, and He urges him to avoid evil conduct because it will lead to his own degradation. Second, that God is not unduly stern in judging man. He gets no pleasure from punishing people. He is not on the look-out for slight lapses for which to convict and persecute people. God is highly compassionate towards all His creatures and governs with utmost mercy and benevolence, and the same characterizes His dealings with human beings as well. Hence, He constantly forgives the sins of people. Many disobey, indulge in sins, commit crimes, disregard God's commands, even though they are nourished by the sustenance He provides. God, nevertheless, continually treats them with forbearance and forgives them. Again and again, He grants them respite in order that they may take heed, understand things properly and reform themselves. Had He been excessively stern, He could even have obliterated them instantly and raised up another people. He could have put an end to humanity and brought into being an altogether different species of creation.

102. This refers to the Resurrection, when human beings of every epoch will be raised anew and made to stand before God for final judgement.

103. If people prefer to ignore the Prophet's admonition and do not recant their misconduct, they are at liberty to follow their chosen path, but they should let the Prophet (peace be on him) follow his. The ultimate results of their conduct will, in due time, become evident to all - to the Prophet (peace be on him) as well as to his opponents.