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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
Tafsirs: Maarif | Dawat | Ishraq | Clear

 Surah At-Tawbah 9:17-18 [3/16]
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
مَا كَانَ(It) is not
لِلْمُشْرِكِينَfor the polytheists
أَنthat
يَعْمُرُواْthey maintain
مَسَـٰجِدَ ٱللَّهِ(the) masajid of Allah
شَـٰهِدِينَ(while) witnessing
عَلَىٰٓagainst
أَنفُسِهِمthemselves
بِٱلْكُفْرِ‌ۚ[with] disbelief.
أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ(For) those,
حَبِطَتْworthless
أَعْمَـٰلُهُمْ(are) their deeds,
وَفِىand in
ٱلنَّارِthe Fire
هُمْthey
خَـٰلِدُونَ(will) abide forever.
﴿١٧﴾
إِنَّمَاOnly
يَعْمُرُwill maintain
مَسَـٰجِدَ ٱللَّهِ(the) masajid of Allah
مَنْ(the one) who
ءَامَنَbelieves
بِٱللَّهِin Allah
وَٱلْيَوْمِand the Day
ٱلْأَخِرِthe Last,
وَأَقَامَand establishes
ٱلصَّلَوٲةَthe prayer
وَءَاتَىand gives
ٱلزَّكَوٲةَthe zakah
وَلَمْand not
يَخْشَfear
إِلَّاexcept
ٱللَّهَ‌ۖAllah.
فَعَسَىٰٓThen perhaps
أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَthose,
أَن[that]
يَكُونُواْthey are
مِنَof
ٱلْمُهْتَدِينَthe guided ones.
﴿١٨﴾


مَا كَانَ لِلۡمُشۡرِكِيۡنَ اَنۡ يَّعۡمُرُوۡا مَسٰجِدَ اللّٰهِ شٰهِدِيۡنَ عَلٰٓى اَنۡفُسِهِمۡ بِالـكُفۡرِ​ؕ اُولٰۤـئِكَ حَبِطَتۡ اَعۡمَالُهُمۡ ۖۚ وَ فِى النَّارِ هُمۡ خٰلِدُوۡنَ‏  اِنَّمَا يَعۡمُرُ مَسٰجِدَ اللّٰهِ مَنۡ اٰمَنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَالۡيَوۡمِ الۡاٰخِرِ وَاَ قَامَ الصَّلٰوةَ وَاٰتَى الزَّكٰوةَ وَلَمۡ يَخۡشَ اِلَّا اللّٰهَ​ فَعَسٰٓى اُولٰۤـئِكَ اَنۡ يَّكُوۡنُوۡا مِنَ الۡمُهۡتَدِيۡنَ‏ 

Translation
[9:17] It does not become those who associate others with Allah in His Divinity to visit and tend Allah's mosques while they bear witness of unbelief against themselves.19 All their works have gone to waste.20 They shall abide in the Fire. [9:18] It only becomes those who believe in Allah and the Last Day and establish Prayer and pay Zakah and fear none but Allah to visit and tend the mosques of Allah. These are likely to be guided aright.

Commentary

19. This lays down the general principle for the guardianship of the places of worship that have been built exclusively for the worship of Allah. Obviously, those people who associate others with Allah in His essence, His rights and His powers cannot be the proper persons to be the guardians, the servants, the managers etc. of such sacred places. And when they themselves reject the invitations to Tauhid, and openly declare that they are not going to dedicate their worship and obedience exclusively o Allah, they automatically forfeit any right they had for the guardianship of such places of worship that had been built for the worship of Allah alone. Though the principle is of a general nature, it has been mentioned here with the particular object of removing the mushriks from the guardianship of the Kaabah and Masjid-i-Haram and establishing permanently the guardianship of the worshipers of one God over them.

20. “Their deeds have become worthless”: including the little real service they did to the house of Allah because they mixed with it shirk and other practices of ignorance. Their little good was destroyed by their far greater evils.