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 Surah An-Nisa 4:172-176 [24/24] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
لَّنNever
يَسْتَنكِفَwill disdain
ٱلْمَسِيحُthe Messiah
أَنto
يَكُونَbe
عَبْدًاa slave
لِّلَّهِof Allah
وَلَاand not
ٱلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةُthe Angels,
ٱلْمُقَرَّبُونَ‌ۚthe ones who are near (to Allah).
وَمَنAnd whoever
يَسْتَنكِفْdisdains
عَنْfrom
عِبَادَتِهِۦHis worship
وَيَسْتَكْبِرْand is arrogant
فَسَيَحْشُرُهُمْthen He will gather them
إِلَيْهِtowards Him
جَمِيعًاall together.
﴿١٧٢﴾
فَأَمَّاThen as for
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
ءَامَنُواْbelieved
وَعَمِلُواْand did
ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِthe righteous deeds
فَيُوَفِّيهِمْthen He will give them in full
أُجُورَهُمْtheir reward
وَيَزِيدُهُمand give them more
مِّنfrom
فَضْلِهِۦ‌ۖHis Bounty.
وَأَمَّاAnd as for
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
ٱسْتَنكَفُواْdisdained
وَٱسْتَكْبَرُواْand were arrogant
فَيُعَذِّبُهُمْthen He will punish them
عَذَابًا(with) a punishment
أَلِيمًاpainful,
وَلَا يَجِدُونَand they will not find
لَهُمfor themselves
مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِbesides Allah
وَلِيًّاany protector
وَلَاand not
نَصِيرًاany helper.
﴿١٧٣﴾
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُO mankind!
قَدْSurely
جَآءَكُمhas come to you
بُرْهَـٰنٌa convincing proof
مِّنfrom
رَّبِّكُمْyour Lord,
وَأَنزَلْنَآand We (have) sent down
إِلَيْكُمْto you
نُورًا مُّبِينًاa clear light.
﴿١٧٤﴾
فَأَمَّاSo as for
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
ءَامَنُواْbelieved
بِٱللَّهِin Allah
وَٱعْتَصَمُواْand held fast
بِهِۦto Him,
فَسَيُدْخِلُهُمْthen He will admit them
فِىin
رَحْمَةٍMercy
مِّنْهُfrom Himself
وَفَضْلٍand Bounty
وَيَهْدِيهِمْand will guide them
إِلَيْهِto Himself
صِرَٲطًا مُّسْتَقِيمًا(on) a straight way.
﴿١٧٥﴾
يَسْتَفْتُونَكَThey seek your ruling.
قُلِSay,
ٱللَّهُAllah
يُفْتِيكُمْgives you a ruling
فِىconcerning
ٱلْكَلَـٰلَةِ‌ۚthe Kalala.
إِنِif
ٱمْرُؤٌاْa man
هَلَكَdied
لَيْسَ(and) not
لَهُۥhe has
وَلَدٌa child
وَلَهُۥٓand he has
أُخْتٌa sister,
فَلَهَاthen for her
نِصْفُ(is) a half
مَا(of) what
تَرَكَ‌ۚhe left.
وَهُوَAnd he
يَرِثُهَآwill inherit from her
إِنif
لَّمْnot
يَكُنis
لَّهَاfor her
وَلَدٌ‌ۚa child.
فَإِنBut if
كَانَتَاthere were
ٱثْنَتَيْنِtwo females
فَلَهُمَاthen for them
ٱلثُّلُثَانِtwo thirds
مِمَّاof what
تَرَكَ‌ۚhe left.
وَإِنBut if
كَانُوٓاْthey were
إِخْوَةًbrothers and sisters
رِّجَالاًmen
وَنِسَآءًand women,
فَلِلذَّكَرِthen the male will have
مِثْلُlike
حَظِّshare
ٱلْأُنثَيَيْنِ‌ۗ(of) the two females.
يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُAllah makes clear
لَكُمْto you
أَنlest
تَضِلُّواْ‌ۗyou go astray.
وَٱللَّهُAnd Allah
بِكُلِّof every
شَىْءٍthing
عَلِيمُۢ(is) All-Knower.
﴿١٧٦﴾

لَنۡ يَّسۡتَـنۡكِفَ الۡمَسِيۡحُ اَنۡ يَّكُوۡنَ عَبۡدًا لِّـلَّـهِ وَلَا الۡمَلٰٓـئِكَةُ الۡمُقَرَّبُوۡنَ​ؕ وَمَنۡ يَّسۡتَـنۡكِفۡ عَنۡ عِبَادَ تِهٖ وَيَسۡتَكۡبِرۡ فَسَيَحۡشُرُهُمۡ اِلَيۡهِ جَمِيۡعًا‏  فَاَمَّا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا وَعَمِلُوا الصّٰلِحٰتِ فَيُوَفِّيۡهِمۡ اُجُوۡرَهُمۡ وَ يَزِيۡدُهُمۡ مِّنۡ فَضۡلِهٖ​ۚ وَاَمَّا الَّذِيۡنَ اسۡتَـنۡكَفُوۡا وَاسۡتَكۡبَرُوۡا فَيُعَذِّبُهُمۡ عَذَابًا اَ لِيۡمًا  ۙ وَّلَا يَجِدُوۡنَ لَهُمۡ مِّنۡ دُوۡنِ اللّٰهِ وَلِيًّا وَّلَا نَصِيۡرًا‏  يٰۤـاَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدۡ جَآءَكُمۡ بُرۡهَانٌ مِّنۡ رَّبِّكُمۡ وَاَنۡزَلۡنَاۤ اِلَيۡكُمۡ نُوۡرًا مُّبِيۡنًا‏  فَاَمَّا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا بِاللّٰهِ وَاعۡتَصَمُوۡا بِهٖ فَسَيُدۡخِلُهُمۡ فِىۡ رَحۡمَةٍ مِّنۡهُ وَفَضۡلٍۙ وَّيَهۡدِيۡهِمۡ اِلَيۡهِ صِرَاطًا مُّسۡتَقِيۡمًا ؕ‏  يَسۡتَفۡتُوۡنَكَ ؕ قُلِ اللّٰهُ يُفۡتِيۡكُمۡ فِى الۡـكَلٰلَةِ​ ؕ اِنِ امۡرُؤٌا هَلَكَ لَـيۡسَ لَهٗ وَلَدٌ وَّلَهٗۤ اُخۡتٌ فَلَهَا نِصۡفُ مَا تَرَكَ​ ۚ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَاۤ اِنۡ لَّمۡ يَكُنۡ لَّهَا وَلَدٌ​  ؕ فَاِنۡ كَانَـتَا اثۡنَتَيۡنِ فَلَهُمَا الثُّلُثٰنِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ​ ؕ وَاِنۡ كَانُوۡۤا اِخۡوَةً رِّجَالًا وَّنِسَآءً فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ الۡاُنۡثَيَيۡنِ​ ؕ يُبَيِّنُ اللّٰهُ لَـكُمۡ اَنۡ تَضِلُّوۡا​ ؕ وَاللّٰهُ بِكُلِّ شَىۡءٍ عَلِيۡمٌ‏ 
Translation
(4:172) The Messiah neither did disdain to be a servant of Allah nor do the angels who are stationed near to Him; and whoever disdains to serve Him, and waxes arrogant, Allah will certainly muster them all to Him. (4:173) He will grant those who have believed and done good deeds their rewards in full, and will give them more out of His bounty. He will bestow upon those who have been disdainful and arrogant a painful chastisement; and they will find for themselves neither a guardian nor a helper besides Allah. (4:174) O men! A proof has come to you from your Lord, and We have sent down unto you a clear light. (4:175) Allah will surely admit those who believe in Him and hold fast to Him to His mercy and bounty, and will guide them on to a straight way to Himself. (4:176) People219 ask you to pronounce a ruling concerning inheritance from those who have left behind no lineal heirs (kalalah).220 Say: 'Allah pronounces for you the ruling: should a man die childless but have a sister,221 she shall have one half of what he has left behind; and should the sister die childless, his brother shall inherit her.222 And if the heirs are two sisters, they shall have two-thirds of what he has left behind.223 And if the heirs are sisters and brothers, then the male shall have the share of two females. Allah makes (His commandments) clear to you lest you go astray. Allah has full knowledge of everything.
Commentary

219. This verse was revealed long after the revelation of the rest of this surah. According to certain traditions, this verse was the very last Qur'anic verse to be revealed. (For these traditions, see Ibn Kathir's comments on this verse - Ed.) Even if this is disputed, it shows at least that this verse was revealed in 9 A.H., whereas the Muslims had been reciting the present surah, al-Nisa, for quite some time before that. It was for this reason that this verse was not included among the verses relating to inheritance mentioned at the beginning of the surah, but was attached to it at the end as an appendix.

220. There is disagreement about the meaning of the word kalalah. According to some scholars, it means one who dies leaving neither issue nor father nor grandfather. According to others, it refers to those who die without issue (regardless of whether succeeded by either father or grand father). On this question 'Umar remained undecided up to the last. But the majority of jurists accept the opinion of Abu Bakr that the former meaning is correct. The Qur'an also seems to support this, for here the sister of the kalalah has been apportioned half of the inheritance whereas, had his father been alive, the sister would not have inherited from him at all. (For relevant traditions on the subject see the commentary on this verse by Ibn Kathir. For legal discussion on the question see the commentaries of Jassas and Qurtubi - Ed.)

221. The apportioned shares in inheritance mentioned here are those of brothers and sisters, whether related through both parents or through a common father only. Abu Bakr gave this interpretation in one of his pronouncements and none of the Companions expressed any dissent. This view is, therefore, considered to be supported by consensus (ijma').

222. This means that if there is no other legal heir the brother will receive the entire inheritance. In the presence of other heirs (such as husband), the brother will receive all the residual inheritance after the other heirs have received their apportioned shares.

223. The same also applies to more than two sisters.