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Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
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 Surah Al-Baqarah 2:83-86 [10/40] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
وَإِذْAnd when
أَخَذْنَاWe took
مِيثَـٰقَ(the) covenant
بَنِىٓ(from the) Children
إِسْرَٲٓءِيلَ(of) Israel,
لَا تَعْبُدُونَ`You will not worship
إِلَّاexcept
ٱللَّهَAllah,
وَبِٱلْوَٲلِدَيْنِand with [the] parents
إِحْسَانًا(be) good
وَذِى ٱلْقُرْبَىٰand (with) relatives
وَٱلْيَتَـٰمَىٰand [the] orphans
وَٱلْمَسَـٰكِينِand the needy,
وَقُولُواْand speak
لِلنَّاسِto [the] people
حُسْنًاgood,
وَأَقِيمُواْand establish
ٱلصَّلَوٲةَthe prayer
وَءَاتُواْand give
ٱلزَّكَوٲةَthe zakah.`
ثُمَّThen
تَوَلَّيْتُمْyou turned away,
إِلَّاexcept
قَلِيلاًa few
مِّنكُمْof you,
وَأَنتُمand you (were)
مُّعْرِضُونَrefusing.
﴿٨٣﴾
وَإِذْAnd when
أَخَذْنَاWe took
مِيثَـٰقَكُمْyour covenant,
لَا تَسْفِكُونَ`You will not shed
دِمَآءَكُمْyour blood
وَلَا تُخْرِجُونَand (will) not evict
أَنفُسَكُمyourselves
مِّنfrom
دِيَـٰرِكُمْyour homes,`
ثُمَّthen
أَقْرَرْتُمْyou ratified
وَأَنتُمْwhile you
تَشْهَدُونَ(were) witnessing.
﴿٨٤﴾
ثُمَّThen
أَنتُمْyou
هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ(are) those
تَقْتُلُونَ(who) kill
أَنفُسَكُمْyourselves
وَتُخْرِجُونَand evict
فَرِيقًاa party
مِّنكُمof you
مِّنfrom
دِيَـٰرِهِمْtheir homes,
تَظَـٰهَرُونَyou support one another
عَلَيْهِمagainst them
بِٱلْإِثْمِin sin
وَٱلْعُدْوَٲنِand [the] transgression.
وَإِنAnd if
يَأْتُوكُمْthey come to you
أُسَـٰرَىٰ(as) captives,
تُفَـٰدُوهُمْyou ransom them;
وَهُوَwhile it
مُحَرَّمٌ(was) forbidden
عَلَيْكُمْto you
إِخْرَاجُهُمْ‌ۚtheir eviction.
أَفَتُؤْمِنُونَSo do you believe
بِبَعْضِin part (of)
ٱلْكِتَـٰبِthe Book
وَتَكْفُرُونَand disbelieve
بِبَعْضٍ‌ۚin part?
فَمَاThen what
جَزَآءُ(should be the) recompense
مَن(for the one) who
يَفْعَلُdoes
ذَٲلِكَthat
مِنكُمْamong you,
إِلَّاexcept
خِزْىٌdisgrace
فِىin
ٱلْحَيَوٲةِthe life
ٱلدُّنْيَا‌ۖ(of) the world;
وَيَوْمَand (on the) Day
ٱلْقِيَـٰمَةِof [the] Resurrection
يُرَدُّونَthey will be sent back
إِلَىٰٓto
أَشَدِّ(the) most severe
ٱلْعَذَابِ‌ۗpunishment?
وَمَا ٱللَّهُAnd Allah (is) not
بِغَـٰفِلٍunaware
عَمَّاof what
تَعْمَلُونَyou do.
﴿٨٥﴾
أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَThose
ٱلَّذِينَ(are) the ones who
ٱشْتَرَوُاْbought
ٱلْحَيَوٲةَthe life
ٱلدُّنْيَا(of) the world
بِٱلْأَخِرَةِ‌ۖfor the Hereafter;
فَلَاso not
يُخَفَّفُwill be lightened
عَنْهُمُfor them
ٱلْعَذَابُthe punishment
وَلَاand not
هُمْthey
يُنصَرُونَwill be helped.
﴿٨٦﴾

وَاِذۡ اَخَذۡنَا مِيۡثَاقَ بَنِىۡٓ اِسۡرَآءِيۡلَ لَا تَعۡبُدُوۡنَ اِلَّا اللّٰهَ وَبِالۡوَالِدَيۡنِ اِحۡسَانًا وَّذِى الۡقُرۡبٰى وَالۡيَتٰمٰى وَالۡمَسٰکِيۡنِ وَقُوۡلُوۡا لِلنَّاسِ حُسۡنًا وَّاَقِيۡمُوا الصَّلٰوةَ وَاٰتُوا الزَّکٰوةَ ؕ ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيۡتُمۡ اِلَّا قَلِيۡلًا مِّنۡکُمۡ وَاَنۡـتُمۡ مُّعۡرِضُوۡنَ‏  وَاِذۡ اَخَذۡنَا مِيۡثَاقَكُمۡ لَا تَسۡفِكُوۡنَ دِمَآءَكُمۡ وَلَا تُخۡرِجُوۡنَ اَنۡفُسَكُمۡ مِّنۡ دِيَارِكُمۡ ثُمَّ اَقۡرَرۡتُمۡ وَاَنۡـتُمۡ تَشۡهَدُوۡنَ‏  ثُمَّ اَنۡـتُمۡ هٰٓؤُلَاۤءِ تَقۡتُلُوۡنَ اَنۡفُسَكُمۡ وَتُخۡرِجُوۡنَ فَرِيۡقًا مِّنۡكُمۡ مِّنۡ دِيَارِهِمۡ تَظٰهَرُوۡنَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ بِالۡاِثۡمِ وَالۡعُدۡوَانِؕ وَاِنۡ يَّاۡتُوۡكُمۡ اُسٰرٰى تُفٰدُوۡهُمۡ وَهُوَ مُحَرَّمٌ عَلَيۡڪُمۡ اِخۡرَاجُهُمۡ​​ؕ اَفَتُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ بِبَعۡضِ الۡكِتٰبِ وَتَكۡفُرُوۡنَ بِبَعۡضٍ​ۚ فَمَا جَزَآءُ مَنۡ يَّفۡعَلُ ذٰلِكَ مِنۡکُمۡ اِلَّا خِزۡىٌ فِى الۡحَيٰوةِ الدُّنۡيَا ​ۚ وَيَوۡمَ الۡقِيٰمَةِ يُرَدُّوۡنَ اِلٰٓى اَشَدِّ الۡعَذَابِ​ؕ وَمَا اللّٰهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعۡمَلُوۡنَ‏   اُولٰٓـئِكَ الَّذِيۡنَ اشۡتَرَوُا الۡحَيٰوةَ الدُّنۡيَا بِالۡاٰخِرَةِ​ فَلَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنۡهُمُ الۡعَذَابُ وَلَا هُمۡ يُنۡصَرُوۡنَ‏ 
Translation
(2:83) And recall when We made a covenant with the Children of Israel: “You shall serve none but Allah and do good to parents, kinsmen, orphans and the needy; you shall speak kindly to people, and establish Prayer and give Zakah (Purifying Alms). And yet, except for a few of you, you turned back on this covenant, and you are still backsliders. (2:84) And recall when We made a covenant with you, that you shall not shed one another’s blood, and shall not turn out one another from your homelands; you confirmed it, and you yourselves are witnesses to it. (2:85) And here you are, killing one another, turning out a party of your own from their homelands, aiding one another against them in sin and enmity, and if they come to you as captives you ransom them although the very act of expelling them was unlawful to you. Do you believe in a part of the Scripture and reject the rest?92 What else, then, could be the retribution of those among you who do this than that they should live in degradation in the present life, and that on the Day of Resurrection they should be sent to the severest chastisement? Allah is not heedless of what you do. (2:86) These are the ones who have bought the present life in exchange for the World to Come. Their chastisement shall not be lightened, nor shall they be helped.
Commentary

92. Before the advent of the Prophet (peace be on him) the Jewish tribes who lived on the outskirts of Madina had concluded an alliance with the Arab tribes of Aws and Khazraj. When the Arab tribes fought against one another each Jewish tribe fought on the side of its allies, which led to fratricide and so to a flagrant violation of the Book of God. Moreover, when the war ended the captives were ransomed. This ransom was justified on the basis of scriptural arguments; they extolled the Word of God when it permitted the ransom of prisoners of war, but attached no significance at all to the same Word of God when it prohibited mutual feuding.