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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
Tafsirs: Maarif | Dawat | Ishraq | Clear

 Surah Al-An'am 6:83-90 [10/20] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
وَتِلْكَAnd this
حُجَّتُنَآ(is) Our argument,
ءَاتَيْنَـٰهَآWe gave it
إِبْرَٲهِيمَ(to) Ibrahim
عَلَىٰagainst
قَوْمِهِۦ‌ۚhis people.
نَرْفَعُWe raise
دَرَجَـٰتٍ(by) degrees
مَّنwhom
نَّشَآءُ‌ۗWe will.
إِنَّIndeed,
رَبَّكَyour Lord
حَكِيمٌ(is) All-Wise,
عَلِيمٌAll-Knowing.
﴿٨٣﴾
وَوَهَبْنَاAnd We bestowed
لَهُۥٓto him
إِسْحَـٰقَIshaq
وَيَعْقُوبَ‌ۚand Yaqub,
كُلاًّall
هَدَيْنَا‌ۚWe guided.
وَنُوحًاAnd Nuh,
هَدَيْنَاWe guided
مِن قَبْلُ‌ۖbefore;
وَمِنand of
ذُرِّيَّتِهِۦhis descendents,
دَاوُۥدَDawood
وَسُلَيْمَـٰنَand Sulaiman
وَأَيُّوبَand Ayub
وَيُوسُفَand Yusuf
وَمُوسَىٰand Musa
وَهَـٰرُونَ‌ۚand Harun.
وَكَذَٲلِكَAnd thus
نَجْزِىWe reward
ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَthe good-doers.
﴿٨٤﴾
وَزَكَرِيَّاAnd Zakariya
وَيَحْيَىٰand Yahya
وَعِيسَىٰand Isa
وَإِلْيَاسَ‌ۖand Ilyas -
كُلٌّall were
مِّنَof
ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَthe righteous.
﴿٨٥﴾
وَإِسْمَـٰعِيلَAnd Ismail
وَٱلْيَسَعَand Al-Yasaa
وَيُونُسَand Yunus
وَلُوطًا‌ۚand Lut,
وَكُلاًّand all
فَضَّلْنَاWe preferred
عَلَىover
ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَthe worlds.
﴿٨٦﴾
وَمِنْAnd from
ءَابَآئِهِمْtheir fathers
وَذُرِّيَّـٰتِهِمْand their descendents
وَإِخْوَٲنِهِمْ‌ۖand their brothers -
وَٱجْتَبَيْنَـٰهُمْand We chose them
وَهَدَيْنَـٰهُمْand We guided them
إِلَىٰto
صِرَٲطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍa straight path.
﴿٨٧﴾
ذَٲلِكَThat
هُدَى(is the) Guidance
ٱللَّهِ(of) Allah,
يَهْدِىHe guides
بِهِۦwith it
مَنwhom
يَشَآءُHe wills
مِنْof
عِبَادِهِۦ‌ۚHis slaves.
وَلَوْBut if
أَشْرَكُواْthey (had) associated partners (with Allah),
لَحَبِطَsurely (would be) worthless
عَنْهُمfor them
مَّاwhat
كَانُواْthey used to
يَعْمَلُونَdo.
﴿٨٨﴾
أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَThose -
ٱلَّذِينَ(are) ones whom
ءَاتَيْنَـٰهُمُWe gave them
ٱلْكِتَـٰبَthe Book
وَٱلْحُكْمَand the judgment
وَٱلنُّبُوَّةَ‌ۚand the Prophethood.
فَإِنBut if
يَكْفُرْdisbelieve
بِهَاin it
هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِthese,
فَقَدْthen indeed,
وَكَّلْنَاWe have entrusted
بِهَاit
قَوْمًا(to) a people
لَّيْسُواْwho are not
بِهَاtherein
بِكَـٰفِرِينَdisbelievers.
﴿٨٩﴾
أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَThose
ٱلَّذِينَ(are) ones whom
هَدَى ٱللَّهُ‌ۖAllah has guided,
فَبِهُدَٮٰهُمُso of their guidance
ٱقْتَدِهْ‌ۗyou follow.
قُلSay,
لَّآ`Not
أَسْــَٔلُكُمْI ask you
عَلَيْهِfor it
أَجْرًا‌ۖany reward.
إِنْ هُوَIt (is) not
إِلَّاbut
ذِكْرَىٰa reminder
لِلْعَـٰلَمِينَfor the worlds.
﴿٩٠﴾

وَتِلۡكَ حُجَّتُنَاۤ اٰتَيۡنٰهَاۤ اِبۡرٰهِيۡمَ عَلٰى قَوۡمِهٖ​ؕ نَرۡفَعُ دَرَجٰتٍ مَّنۡ نَّشَآءُ ​ؕ اِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيۡمٌ عَلِيۡمٌ‏  وَوَهَبۡنَا لَهٗۤ اِسۡحٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوۡبَ​ؕ كُلًّا هَدَيۡنَا ​ۚ وَنُوۡحًا هَدَيۡنَا مِنۡ قَبۡلُ​ وَمِنۡ ذُرِّيَّتِهٖ دَاوٗدَ وَسُلَيۡمٰنَ وَاَيُّوۡبَ وَيُوۡسُفَ وَمُوۡسٰى وَ هٰرُوۡنَ​ؕ وَكَذٰلِكَ نَجۡزِى الۡمُحۡسِنِيۡنَۙ‏  وَزَكَرِيَّا وَيَحۡيٰى وَعِيۡسٰى وَاِلۡيَاسَ​ؕ كُلٌّ مِّنَ الصّٰلِحِيۡنَۙ‏   وَاِسۡمٰعِيۡلَ وَالۡيَسَعَ وَيُوۡنُسَ وَلُوۡطًا​ ؕ وَكُلًّا فَضَّلۡنَا عَلَى الۡعٰلَمِيۡنَۙ‏  وَمِنۡ اٰبَآئِهِمۡ وَذُرِّيّٰتِهِمۡ وَاِخۡوَانِهِمۡ​ۚ وَاجۡتَبَيۡنٰهُمۡ وَهَدَيۡنٰهُمۡ اِلٰى صِرَاطٍ مُّسۡتَقِيۡمٍ‏  ذٰ لِكَ هُدَى اللّٰهِ يَهۡدِىۡ بِهٖ مَنۡ يَّشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهٖ​ؕ وَلَوۡ اَشۡرَكُوۡا لَحَبِطَ عَنۡهُمۡ مَّا كَانُوۡا يَعۡمَلُوۡنَ‏  اُولٰٓـئِكَ الَّذِيۡنَ اٰتَيۡنٰهُمُ الۡـكِتٰبَ وَالۡحُكۡمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ​ ؕ فَاِنۡ يَّكۡفُرۡ بِهَا هٰٓؤُلَۤاءِ فَقَدۡ وَكَّلۡنَا بِهَا قَوۡمًا لَّيۡسُوۡا بِهَا بِكٰفِرِيۡنَ‏  اُولٰٓـئِكَ الَّذِيۡنَ هَدَى اللّٰهُ​ فَبِهُدٰٮهُمُ اقۡتَدِهۡ ​ؕ قُلْ لَّاۤ اَسۡـئَلُكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ اَجۡرًا​ ؕ اِنۡ هُوَ اِلَّا ذِكۡرٰى لِلۡعٰلَمِيۡنَ‏ 
Translation
(6:83) That was Our argument which We gave to Abraham against his people. We raise in ranks whom We will. Truly your lord is All-Wise, All-Knowing. (6:84) And We bestowed upon Abraham (offspring) Ishaq (Isaac) and Ya'qub (Jacob) and each of them did We guide to the right way as We had earlier guided Noah to the right way; and (of his descendants We guided) Da'ud (David) and Sulayman (Solomon), Ayyub (Job), Yusuf (Joseph), Musa (Moses) and Harun (Aaron). Thus do We reward those who do good. (6:85) (And of his descendants We guided) Zakariya (Zachariah), Yahya (John), Isa (Jesus) and Ilyas (Elias): each one of them was of the righteous. (6:86) (And of his descendants We guided) Isma'il (Ishmael), al-Yasa' (Elisha), Yunus (Jonah), and Lut (Lot). And each one of them We favoured over all mankind. (6:87) And likewise We elected for Our cause and guided on to a straight way some of their forefathers and their offspring and their brethren. (6:88) That is Allah's guidance wherewith He guides those of His servants whom He wills. But if they ever associated others with Allah in His divinity, then all that they had done would have gone to waste.56 (6:89) Those are the ones to whom We gave the Book, and judgement and prophethood.57 And if they refuse to believe in it now, We will bestow this favour on a people who do believe in it.58 (6:90) (O Muhammad!) Those are the ones Allah guided to the right way. Follow, then, their way, and say: 'I ask of you no reward (for carrying on this mission); it is merely an admonition to all mankind.'
Commentary

56. Had those people also ascribed partners to God like the people of Arabia, they would not have achieved the positions they had attained.Some might perhaps have earned places in the rogues' gallery of history as either ruthless conquerors or monuments to greed. But had they not shunned polytheism and adhered to their exclusive and unadulterated devotion to God, they would certainly neither have had the honour of becoming the source of light and guidance to others nor of assuming the leadership of the pious and the God-fearing.

57. Here the Prophets are mentioned as having been endowed with three things: first, the revealed guidance embodied in the Book; second, hukm, i.e. the correct understanding of the revealed guidance, the ability to apply its principles to the practical affairs of life, the God-given capacity to arrive at right opinions regarding human problems; and third, prophethood, the office by virtue of which they are enabled to lead human beings in the light of the guidance vouchsafed to them.

58. God does not care if the unbelievers and polytheists choose to reject the guidance which has come down from Him, for He had already raised a sizeable group of men of faith to truly appreciate its worth.