Surah 4. An-Nisa

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Verses [Section]: 1-10[1], 11-14 [2], 15-22 [3], 23-25 [4], 26-33 [5], 34-42 [6], 43-50 [7], 51-56 [8], 57-70 [9], 71-76 [10], 77-87 [11], 88-91 [12], 92-96 [13], 97-100 [14], 101-104 [15], 105-112 [16], 113-115 [17], 116-126 [18], 127-134 [19], 135-141 [20], 142-152 [21], 153-162 [22], 163-171 [23], 172-176 [24]

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Quran Text of Verse 172-176لَنْNeverیَّسْتَنْكِفَwill disdainالْمَسِیْحُthe Messiahاَنْtoیَّكُوْنَbeعَبْدًاa slaveلِّلّٰهِof Allahوَ لَاand notالْمَلٰٓىِٕكَةُthe Angelsالْمُقَرَّبُوْنَ ؕthe ones who are near (to Allah)وَ مَنْAnd whoeverیَّسْتَنْكِفْdisdainsعَنْfromعِبَادَتِهٖHis worshipوَ یَسْتَكْبِرْand is arrogantفَسَیَحْشُرُهُمْthen He will gather themاِلَیْهِtowards Himجَمِیْعًا all together فَاَمَّاThen as forالَّذِیْنَthose whoاٰمَنُوْاbelievedوَ عَمِلُواand didالصّٰلِحٰتِthe righteous deedsفَیُوَفِّیْهِمْthen He will give them in fullاُجُوْرَهُمْtheir rewardوَ یَزِیْدُهُمْand give them moreمِّنْfromفَضْلِهٖ ۚHis Bountyوَ اَمَّاAnd as forالَّذِیْنَthose whoاسْتَنْكَفُوْاdisdainedوَ اسْتَكْبَرُوْاand were arrogantفَیُعَذِّبُهُمْthen He will punish themعَذَابًا(with) a punishmentاَلِیْمًا ۙ۬painfulوَّ لَاand notیَجِدُوْنَwill they findلَهُمْfor themselvesمِّنْfromدُوْنِbesidesاللّٰهِAllahوَلِیًّاany protectorوَّ لَاand notنَصِیْرًا any helper یٰۤاَیُّهَاOالنَّاسُmankindقَدْSurelyجَآءَكُمْhas come to youبُرْهَانٌa convincing proofمِّنْfromرَّبِّكُمْyour Lordوَ اَنْزَلْنَاۤand We (have) sent downاِلَیْكُمْto youنُوْرًاa lightمُّبِیْنًا clear فَاَمَّاSo as forالَّذِیْنَthose whoاٰمَنُوْاbelievedبِاللّٰهِin Allahوَ اعْتَصَمُوْاand held fastبِهٖto Himفَسَیُدْخِلُهُمْthen He will admit themفِیْinرَحْمَةٍMercyمِّنْهُfrom Himselfوَ فَضْلٍ ۙand Bountyوَّ یَهْدِیْهِمْand will guide themاِلَیْهِto Himselfصِرَاطًا(on) a wayمُّسْتَقِیْمًاؕstraight 4. An-Nisa Page 106یَسْتَفْتُوْنَكَ ؕThey seek your rulingقُلِSayاللّٰهُAllahیُفْتِیْكُمْgives you a rulingفِیconcerningالْكَلٰلَةِ ؕthe Kalalaاِنِifامْرُؤٌاa manهَلَكَdiedلَیْسَ(and) notلَهٗhe hasوَلَدٌa childوَّ لَهٗۤand he hasاُخْتٌa sisterفَلَهَاthen for herنِصْفُ(is) a halfمَا(of) whatتَرَكَ ۚhe leftوَ هُوَAnd heیَرِثُهَاۤwill inherit from herاِنْifلَّمْnotیَكُنْisلَّهَاfor herوَلَدٌ ؕa childفَاِنْBut ifكَانَتَاthere wereاثْنَتَیْنِtwo femalesفَلَهُمَاthen for themالثُّلُثٰنِtwo thirdsمِمَّاof whatتَرَكَ ؕhe leftوَ اِنْBut ifكَانُوْۤاthey wereاِخْوَةًbrothers and sistersرِّجَالًاmenوَّ نِسَآءًand womenفَلِلذَّكَرِthen the male will haveمِثْلُlikeحَظِّshareالْاُنْثَیَیْنِ ؕ(of) the two femalesیُبَیِّنُmakes clearاللّٰهُAllahلَكُمْto youاَنْlestتَضِلُّوْا ؕyou go astrayوَ اللّٰهُAnd Allahبِكُلِّof everyشَیْءٍthingعَلِیْمٌ۠(is) All-Knower

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Translation of Verse 172-176

(4:172) The Messiah neither did disdain to be a servant of Allah nor do the angels who are stationed near to Him; and whoever disdains to serve Him, and waxes arrogant, Allah will certainly muster them all to Him.

(4:173) He will grant those who have believed and done good deeds their rewards in full, and will give them more out of His bounty. He will bestow upon those who have been disdainful and arrogant a painful chastisement; and they will find for themselves neither a guardian nor a helper besides Allah.

(4:174) O men! A proof has come to you from your Lord, and We have sent down unto you a clear light.

(4:175) Allah will surely admit those who believe in Him and hold fast to Him to His mercy and bounty, and will guide them on to a straight way to Himself.

(4:176) People²¹⁹ ask you to pronounce a ruling concerning inheritance from those who have left behind no lineal heirs (kalalah).²²⁰ Say: 'Allah pronounces for you the ruling: should a man die childless but have a sister,²²¹ she shall have one half of what he has left behind; and should the sister die childless, his brother shall inherit her.²²² And if the heirs are two sisters, they shall have two-thirds of what he has left behind.²²³ And if the heirs are sisters and brothers, then the male shall have the share of two females. Allah makes (His commandments) clear to you lest you go astray. Allah has full knowledge of everything.

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Commentary

219. This verse was revealed long after the revelation of the rest of this surah. According to certain traditions, this verse was the very last Qur'anic verse to be revealed. (For these traditions, see Ibn Kathir's comments on this verse - Ed.) Even if this is disputed, it shows at least that this verse was revealed in 9 A.H., whereas the Muslims had been reciting the present surah, al-Nisa, for quite some time before that. It was for this reason that this verse was not included among the verses relating to inheritance mentioned at the beginning of the surah, but was attached to it at the end as an appendix.

220. There is disagreement about the meaning of the word kalalah. According to some scholars, it means one who dies leaving neither issue nor father nor grandfather. According to others, it refers to those who die without issue (regardless of whether succeeded by either father or grand father). On this question 'Umar remained undecided up to the last. But the majority of jurists accept the opinion of Abu Bakr that the former meaning is correct. The Qur'an also seems to support this, for here the sister of the kalalah has been apportioned half of the inheritance whereas, had his father been alive, the sister would not have inherited from him at all. (For relevant traditions on the subject see the commentary on this verse by Ibn Kathir. For legal discussion on the question see the commentaries of Jassas and Qurtubi - Ed.)

222. This means that if there is no other legal heir the brother will receive the entire inheritance. In the presence of other heirs (such as husband), the brother will receive all the residual inheritance after the other heirs have received their apportioned shares.

223. The same also applies to more than two sisters.