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Tafsir Maariful Quran

Quran Translation and Commentary by Maulana Mufti Mohammad Shafi. Translation by Prof. Muhammad Hasan Askari & Prof. Muhammad Shamim. Revised by Justice Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani
Quran Translation
Word for Word by
Dr. Shehnaz Shaikh
& Kausar Khatri

1. Al-Fatihah
2. Al-Baqarah
3. Al-Imran
4. Al-Nisa
5. Al-Maidah
6. Al-Anam
7. Al-Araf
8. Al-Anfal
9. Al-Taubah
10. Yunus
11. Hud
12. Yusuf
13. Al-Rad
14. Ibrahim
15. Al-Hijr
16. Al-Nahl
17. Bani Israil
18. Al-Kahf
19. Maryam
20. Ta-Ha
21. Al-Anbiya
22. Al-Hajj
23. Al-Muminun
24. An-Nur
25. Al-Furqan
26. Ash-Shuara
27. An-Naml
28. Al-Qasas
29. Al-Ankabut
30. Ar-Rum
31. Luqman
32. As-Sajdah
33. Al-Ahzab
34. Saba
35. Fatir
36. Yasin
37. As-Saffat
38. Saad
39. Az-Zumar
40. Al-Mumin
41. Ha-Meem-As-Sajdah
42. AShura
43. Az-Zukhruf
44. Ad-Dukhan
45. Al-Jathiyah
46. Al-Ahqaf
47. Muhammad
48. Al-Fath
49. Al-Hujurat
50. Al-Qaf
51. Adh-Dhariyat
52. At-Tur
53. An-Najm
54. Al-Qamar
55. Al-Rahman
56. Al-Waqiah
57. Al-Hadid
58. Al-Mujadalah
59. Al-Hashr
60. Al-Mumtahinah
61. As-Saff
62. Al-Jumuah
63. Al-Munafiqun
64. Al-Taghabun
65. At-Talaq
66. At-Tahrim
67. Al-Mulk
68. Al-Qalam
69. Al-Haqqah
70. Al-Maarij
71. Nuh
72. Al-Jinn
73. Al-Muzzammil
74. Al-Muddhththir
75. Al-Qiyamah
76. Ad-Dahr
77. Al-Mursalat
78. An-Naba
79. An-Naziat
80. Abas
81. At-Takwir
82. Al-Infitar
83. At-Tatfif
84. Al-Inshiqaq
85. Al-Buruj
86. At-Tariq
87. Al-Ala
88. Al-Ghashiyah
89. Al-Fajr
90. Al-Balad
91. Ash-Shams
92. Al-Lail
93. Ad-Duha
94. Al-Inshirah
95. At-Tin
96. Al-Alaq
97. Al-Qadr
98. Al-Bayyinah
99. Az-Zilzal
100. Al-Adiyat
101. Al-Qariah
102. At-Takathur
103. Al-Asr
104. Al-Humazah
105. Al-Fil
106. Al-Quraish
107. Al-Maun
108. Al-Kauthar
109. Al-Kafirun
110. An-Nasr
111. Al-Lahab
112. Al-Ikhlas
113. Al-Falaq
114. An-Nas
Surah 18. Al-Kahf
Verses [Section]: 1-12[1], 13-17 [2], 18-22 [3], 23-31 [4], 32-44 [5], 45-49 [6], 50-53 [7], 54-59 [8], 60-70 [9], 71-82 [10], 83-101 [11], 102-110 [12]

Quran Text of Verse 32-44
وَ اضْرِبْAnd set forthلَهُمْto themمَّثَلًاthe exampleرَّجُلَیْنِof two men:جَعَلْنَاWe providedلِاَحَدِهِمَاfor one of themجَنَّتَیْنِtwo gardensمِنْofاَعْنَابٍgrapesوَّ حَفَفْنٰهُمَاand We bordered themبِنَخْلٍwith date-palmsوَّ جَعَلْنَاand We placedبَیْنَهُمَاbetween both of themزَرْعًاؕcrops كِلْتَاEachالْجَنَّتَیْنِ(of) the two gardensاٰتَتْbrought forthاُكُلَهَاits produceوَ لَمْand notتَظْلِمْdid wrongمِّنْهُof itشَیْـًٔا ۙanythingوَّ فَجَّرْنَاAnd We caused to gush forthخِلٰلَهُمَاwithin themنَهَرًاۙa river وَّ كَانَAnd wasلَهٗfor himثَمَرٌ ۚfruitفَقَالَso he saidلِصَاحِبِهٖto his companionوَ هُوَwhile heیُحَاوِرُهٗۤ(was) talking with himاَنَاI amاَكْثَرُgreaterمِنْكَthan youمَالًا(in) wealthوَّ اَعَزُّand strongerنَفَرًا (in) men 18. Al-Kahf Page 298وَ دَخَلَAnd he enteredجَنَّتَهٗhis gardenوَ هُوَwhile heظَالِمٌ(was) unjustلِّنَفْسِهٖ ۚto himselfقَالَHe saidمَاۤNotاَظُنُّI thinkاَنْthatتَبِیْدَwill perishهٰذِهٖۤthisاَبَدًاۙever وَّ مَاۤAnd notاَظُنُّI thinkالسَّاعَةَthe Hourقَآىِٕمَةً ۙwill occurوَّ لَىِٕنْAnd ifرُّدِدْتُّI am brought backاِلٰیtoرَبِّیْmy LordلَاَجِدَنَّI will surely findخَیْرًاbetterمِّنْهَاthan thisمُنْقَلَبًا (as) a return قَالَSaidلَهٗto himصَاحِبُهٗhis companionوَ هُوَwhile heیُحَاوِرُهٗۤwas talking to himاَكَفَرْتَDo you disbelieveبِالَّذِیْin One Whoخَلَقَكَcreated youمِنْfromتُرَابٍdustثُمَّthenمِنْfromنُّطْفَةٍa minute quantity of semenثُمَّthenسَوّٰىكَfashioned youرَجُلًاؕ(into) a man لٰكِنَّاۡBut as for meهُوَHeاللّٰهُ(is) Allahرَبِّیْmy Lordوَ لَاۤand notاُشْرِكُI associateبِرَبِّیْۤwith my Lordاَحَدًا anyone وَ لَوْ لَاۤAnd why (did you) notاِذْwhenدَخَلْتَyou enteredجَنَّتَكَyour gardenقُلْتَsayمَاWhatشَآءَwillsاللّٰهُ ۙAllahلَا(there is) noقُوَّةَpowerاِلَّاexceptبِاللّٰهِ ۚwith AllahاِنْIfتَرَنِyou seeاَنَاmeاَقَلَّlesserمِنْكَthan youمَالًا(in) wealthوَّ وَلَدًاۚand children فَعَسٰیIt may beرَبِّیْۤthat my Lordاَنْthat my Lordیُّؤْتِیَنِwill give meخَیْرًاbetterمِّنْthanجَنَّتِكَyour gardenوَ یُرْسِلَand will sendعَلَیْهَاupon itحُسْبَانًاa calamityمِّنَfromالسَّمَآءِthe skyفَتُصْبِحَthen it will becomeصَعِیْدًاgroundزَلَقًاۙslippery اَوْOrیُصْبِحَwill becomeمَآؤُهَاits waterغَوْرًاsunkenفَلَنْso neverتَسْتَطِیْعَyou will be ableلَهٗto find itطَلَبًا to find it وَ اُحِیْطَAnd were surroundedبِثَمَرِهٖhis fruitsفَاَصْبَحَso he beganیُقَلِّبُtwistingكَفَّیْهِhis handsعَلٰیoverمَاۤwhatاَنْفَقَhe (had) spentفِیْهَاon itوَ هِیَwhile it (had)خَاوِیَةٌcollapsedعَلٰیonعُرُوْشِهَاits trellisesوَ یَقُوْلُand he saidیٰلَیْتَنِیْOh! I wishلَمْI had not associatedاُشْرِكْI had not associatedبِرَبِّیْۤwith my Lordاَحَدًا anyone وَ لَمْAnd notتَكُنْwasلَّهٗfor himفِئَةٌa groupیَّنْصُرُوْنَهٗ(to) help himمِنْother thanدُوْنِother thanاللّٰهِAllahوَ مَاand notكَانَwasمُنْتَصِرًاؕ(he) supported هُنَالِكَThereالْوَلَایَةُthe protectionلِلّٰهِ(is) from Allahالْحَقِّ ؕthe TrueهُوَHeخَیْرٌ(is the) bestثَوَابًا(to) rewardوَّ خَیْرٌand (the) bestعُقْبًا۠(for) the final end
Translation of Verse 32-44

(18:32) Give them an example. There were two men; We gave one of them two gardens of grapes, and surrounded both of them with date-palms, and placed vegetation between them

(18:33) Both the gardens brought forth their fruit, and suppressed nothing from it, and We caused a stream to flow through them

(18:34) And he had wealth. So, he said to his companion while conversing with him, “I am greater than you in wealth and stronger in manpower.”

(18:35) And he entered his garden while he was doing wrong to himself. He said, “I do not think that this will ever perish

(18:36) and I do not think that the Hour (Day of Judgment) has to come. And even if I am sent back to my Lord, I will surely find a better place than this to resort to.”

(18:37) Said his companion, as he was conversing with him, “Do you deny Him who created you from dust, then from a drop (of semen), then He made you a perfect man

(18:38) As for me, I believe that Allah is my Lord, and I do not associate anyone with my Lord

(18:39) Why, when you entered your garden, did you not say, ‘(Everything is) as Allah wills. There is no power except with Allah’? If you see me inferior to you in wealth and children

(18:40) then, it is likely that my Lord will give me (what is) better than your garden, and will send to it a punishment from the heavens, and it will become a barren land

(18:41) Or, its water will sink deep in the earth, so that you will never be able to search it out.”

(18:42) And its produce was overwhelmed by calamities and he stood wringing his hands (in anguish) over what he had invested in it, while it was fallen down on its trellises and he was saying, “I wish I had not ascribed any partner to my Lord!”

(18:43) There were no supporters for him beside Allah, who could come to his help, nor was he able to defend himself

(18:44) That is where the power of protection rests with Allah, the True God. He is the best in rewarding and best in requiting


Commentary
Verse:32 Commentary
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Verse:33 Commentary
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Verse:34 Commentary
Commentary

The word: ثَمَرٌ‌ (thamar) in: وَكَانَ لَهُ ثَمَرٌ‌ (And he had wealth - 34) means the fruit of trees as well as wealth, in an absolute sense. At this place, Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ ، Mujahid and Qatadah have taken it in the later sense (Ibn Kathir) According to the Lexicon, al-Qamus, this word is used to denote the fruit of the tree and wealth of all kinds. This tells us that not only did he own gardens and farms, he also had gold, silver and other luxuries. Even his words reported by the Qur'an: (I am greater than you in wealth -34) also express the same sense. (Ibn Kathir)

About the statement: مَا شآء اللہ لا قُوَۃَ اِلَّا بِاللہِ : "[ Everything is ] as Allah wills. There is no power except with Allah," it has been reported in Shu'ab al-'Iman on the authority of Sayyidna Anas ؓ that the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "whoever sees something, likes it - and says 'masha'Allahu la quwwata illa bil-lah' - nothing will harm it (that is, what he likes will stay protected).' And it appears in other reports, 'whoever recites this kalimah when he likes something he sees, it will stay protected against the evil eye.'

The gist of the arguments of these two persons, as explained by Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanavi (رح) in Khulasa-e-Tafsir

These verses have described the event of two persons one of whom had a lot of wealth and, proud of it, he refused to accept that there is any life after death, and if there is one, he claimed, he will be given more wealth and reward therein. His argument was that if Allah was not pleased with him, he would not have this amount of wealth in this world.

The other person, though less than him in wealth, was a true believer. He refuted the argument of the former one by saying that the worldly wealth is not a sign of one's being close to Allah, because the worldly benefits are given by Allah, in one way or the other, even to the disbelievers and sinful persons, rather to the snakes, scorpions and beasts. It is a horrible mistake to presume that they are the signs of one's being approved by Allah. Therefore, neither your wealth is the proof of your behaviour being approved by Allah, nor my lesser wealth is a proof of disapproval by Him. Allah's approval or disapproval depends on one's faith and deeds alone and not on the amount of wealth one has.
Verse:35 Commentary
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Verse:36 Commentary
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Verse:37 Commentary
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Verse:38 Commentary
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Verse:39 Commentary
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Verse:40 Commentary
The word: حُسبانا - (husbana) in verse 40 has been explained by Qatadah as 'punishment' in an absolute sense, by Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ as 'fire' and by some as 'stoning.' As for what appears after that in the Qur'an: أُحِيطَ بِثَمَرِ‌هِ (And its produce was struck by destruction from all sides - 42), it obviously means that some major calamity hit his gardens, wealth and things of luxury reducing everything to ruins. The Qur'an does not mention any particular calamity explicitly. It appears that, some fire came down from the skies and burnt the whole thing - as it appears in the Tafsir of 'husban' by Sayyidna Ibn 'Abbas ؓ who has explained it as 'fire.' And Allah knows best.
Verse:41 Commentary
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Verse:42 Commentary
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Verse:43 Commentary
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Verse:44 Commentary
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