Tafsir Maariful Quran
Quran Translation and Commentary by Maulana Mufti Mohammad Shafi. Translation by Prof. Muhammad Hasan Askari & Prof. Muhammad Shamim. Revised by Justice Mufti Muhammad Taqi UsmaniQuran Translation
Word for Word by
Dr. Shehnaz Shaikh
& Kausar Khatri
1. Al-Fatihah
2. Al-Baqarah
3. Al-Imran
4. Al-Nisa
5. Al-Maidah
6. Al-Anam
7. Al-Araf
8. Al-Anfal
9. Al-Taubah
10. Yunus
11. Hud
12. Yusuf
13. Al-Rad
14. Ibrahim
15. Al-Hijr
16. Al-Nahl
17. Bani Israil
18. Al-Kahf
19. Maryam
20. Ta-Ha
21. Al-Anbiya
22. Al-Hajj
23. Al-Muminun
24. An-Nur
25. Al-Furqan
26. Ash-Shuara
27. An-Naml
28. Al-Qasas
29. Al-Ankabut
30. Ar-Rum
31. Luqman
32. As-Sajdah
33. Al-Ahzab
34. Saba
35. Fatir
36. Yasin
37. As-Saffat
38. Saad
39. Az-Zumar
40. Al-Mumin
41. Ha-Meem-As-Sajdah
42. AShura
43. Az-Zukhruf
44. Ad-Dukhan
45. Al-Jathiyah
46. Al-Ahqaf
47. Muhammad
48. Al-Fath
49. Al-Hujurat
50. Al-Qaf
51. Adh-Dhariyat
52. At-Tur
53. An-Najm
54. Al-Qamar
55. Al-Rahman
56. Al-Waqiah
57. Al-Hadid
58. Al-Mujadalah
59. Al-Hashr
60. Al-Mumtahinah
61. As-Saff
62. Al-Jumuah
63. Al-Munafiqun
64. Al-Taghabun
65. At-Talaq
66. At-Tahrim
67. Al-Mulk
68. Al-Qalam
69. Al-Haqqah
70. Al-Maarij
71. Nuh
72. Al-Jinn
73. Al-Muzzammil
74. Al-Muddhththir
75. Al-Qiyamah
76. Ad-Dahr
77. Al-Mursalat
78. An-Naba
79. An-Naziat
80. Abas
81. At-Takwir
82. Al-Infitar
83. At-Tatfif
84. Al-Inshiqaq
85. Al-Buruj
86. At-Tariq
87. Al-Ala
88. Al-Ghashiyah
89. Al-Fajr
90. Al-Balad
91. Ash-Shams
92. Al-Lail
93. Ad-Duha
94. Al-Inshirah
95. At-Tin
96. Al-Alaq
97. Al-Qadr
98. Al-Bayyinah
99. Az-Zilzal
100. Al-Adiyat
101. Al-Qariah
102. At-Takathur
103. Al-Asr
104. Al-Humazah
105. Al-Fil
106. Al-Quraish
107. Al-Maun
108. Al-Kauthar
109. Al-Kafirun
110. An-Nasr
111. Al-Lahab
112. Al-Ikhlas
113. Al-Falaq
114. An-Nas
52. At-Tur بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ وَ الطُّوْرِۙ By the Mount وَ كِتٰبٍ And by (the) Book مَّسْطُوْرٍۙ written فِیْ In رَقٍّ parchment مَّنْشُوْرٍۙ unrolled وَّ الْبَیْتِ By the House الْمَعْمُوْرِۙ frequented وَ السَّقْفِ By the roof الْمَرْفُوْعِۙ raised high وَ الْبَحْرِ By the sea الْمَسْجُوْرِۙ filled اِنَّ Indeed عَذَابَ (the) punishment رَبِّكَ (of) your Lord لَوَاقِعٌۙ (will) surely occur مَّا Not لَهٗ for it مِنْ any دَافِعٍۙ preventer یَّوْمَ (On the) Day تَمُوْرُ will shake السَّمَآءُ the heaven مَوْرًاۙ (with violent) shake وَّ تَسِیْرُ And will move away الْجِبَالُ the mountains سَیْرًاؕ (with an awful) movement فَوَیْلٌ Then woe یَّوْمَىِٕذٍ that Day لِّلْمُكَذِّبِیْنَۙ to the deniers الَّذِیْنَ Who هُمْ [they] فِیْ in خَوْضٍ (vain) discourse یَّلْعَبُوْنَۘ are playing یَوْمَ (The) Day یُدَعُّوْنَ they will be thrust اِلٰی (in)to نَارِ (the) Fire جَهَنَّمَ (of) Hell دَعًّاؕ (with) a thrust هٰذِهِ This النَّارُ (is) the Fire الَّتِیْ which كُنْتُمْ you used (to) بِهَا [of it] تُكَذِّبُوْنَ deny 52. At-Tur Page 524 اَفَسِحْرٌ Then is this magic هٰذَاۤ Then is this magic اَمْ or اَنْتُمْ you لَا (do) not تُبْصِرُوْنَۚ see اِصْلَوْهَا Burn in it فَاصْبِرُوْۤا then be patient اَوْ or لَا (do) not تَصْبِرُوْا ۚ be patient سَوَآءٌ (it is) same عَلَیْكُمْ ؕ for you اِنَّمَا Only تُجْزَوْنَ you are being recompensed مَا (for) what كُنْتُمْ you used (to) تَعْمَلُوْنَ do اِنَّ Indeed الْمُتَّقِیْنَ the righteous فِیْ (will be) in جَنّٰتٍ Gardens وَّ نَعِیْمٍۙ and pleasure فٰكِهِیْنَ Enjoying بِمَاۤ in what اٰتٰىهُمْ has given them رَبُّهُمْ ۚ their Lord وَ وَقٰىهُمْ and protected them رَبُّهُمْ their Lord عَذَابَ (from the) punishment الْجَحِیْمِ (of) Hellfire كُلُوْا Eat وَ اشْرَبُوْا and drink هَنِیْٓـًٔۢا (in) satisfaction بِمَا for what كُنْتُمْ you used (to) تَعْمَلُوْنَۙ do مُتَّكِـِٕیْنَ Reclining عَلٰی on سُرُرٍ thrones مَّصْفُوْفَةٍ ۚ lined up وَ زَوَّجْنٰهُمْ and We will marry them بِحُوْرٍ to fair ones عِیْنٍ with large eyes وَ الَّذِیْنَ And those who اٰمَنُوْا believed وَ اتَّبَعَتْهُمْ and followed them ذُرِّیَّتُهُمْ their offspring بِاِیْمَانٍ in faith اَلْحَقْنَا We will join بِهِمْ with them ذُرِّیَّتَهُمْ their offspring وَ مَاۤ and not اَلَتْنٰهُمْ We will deprive them مِّنْ of عَمَلِهِمْ their deeds مِّنْ (in) any شَیْءٍ ؕ thing كُلُّ Every امْرِئٍۭ person بِمَا for what كَسَبَ he earned رَهِیْنٌ (is) pledged وَ اَمْدَدْنٰهُمْ And We will provide them بِفَاكِهَةٍ with fruit وَّ لَحْمٍ and meat مِّمَّا from what یَشْتَهُوْنَ they desire یَتَنَازَعُوْنَ They will pass to one another فِیْهَا therein كَاْسًا a cup لَّا no لَغْوٌ ill speech فِیْهَا therein وَ لَا and no تَاْثِیْمٌ sin وَ یَطُوْفُ And will circulate عَلَیْهِمْ among them غِلْمَانٌ boys لَّهُمْ for them كَاَنَّهُمْ as if they (were) لُؤْلُؤٌ pearls مَّكْنُوْنٌ well-protected وَ اَقْبَلَ And will approach بَعْضُهُمْ some of them عَلٰی to بَعْضٍ others یَّتَسَآءَلُوْنَ inquiring قَالُوْۤا They will say اِنَّا Indeed we كُنَّا [we] were قَبْلُ before فِیْۤ among اَهْلِنَا our families مُشْفِقِیْنَ fearful فَمَنَّ But Allah conferred favor اللّٰهُ But Allah conferred favor عَلَیْنَا upon us وَ وَقٰىنَا and protected us عَذَابَ (from the) punishment السَّمُوْمِ (of) the Scorching Fire
(52:1) By the mount of Tūr
(52:2) and by a book, written
(52:3) on an unrolled scroll
(52:4) and by the Populated House (Al-Bait-ul-Ma‘mūr)
(52:5) and by the roof, raised high
(52:6) and by the sea, flared up (with fire)
(52:7) the punishment of your Lord is sure to fall
(52:8) There is nothing to push it back
(52:9) the Day when the sky will tremble, a horrible trembling
(52:10) and the mountains will move about, a terrible movement
(52:11) So, woe to those who reject (the true faith)
(52:12) who are indulged in vain talk, playing (with truth)
(52:13) the Day they will be pushed to the Fire forcefully
(52:14) (and it will be said to them,) “This is the Fire you used to deny
(52:15) Is it then magic, or do you not see
(52:16) Enter it. Now, whether you endure (it) patiently or impatiently, it is all the same for you; you are merely rewarded for what you used to do.”
(52:17) Of course, the God-fearing will be in gardens and bliss
(52:18) enjoying what their Lord will have given to them, and their Lord will have saved them from the punishment of Hell
(52:19) (It will be said to them,) “Eat and drink pleasantly because of what you used to do
(52:20) relaxing on lined up couches”. And We will marry them with big-eyed houris
(52:21) And those who believed and their children followed them in belief, We will join their children with them, and will not curtail (the reward of) any of their deeds at all. Every person will be pledged for what he earned
(52:22) And We will go on giving them whatever they desire of fruits and meat
(52:23) They will snatch from one another (in a friendly manner) a glass (of wine) carrying neither absurd talk, nor something leading to sin
(52:24) And their own serving boys will rotate around them, (who will be as neat and clean) as if they were hidden pearls
(52:25) And they will advance to one another, asking (about each other’s welfare)
(52:26) They will say, “Indeed we were afraid (of Allah’s punishment) when we were amidst our family
(52:27) but Allah did favour to us and saved us from the torment of Fire’s scorching breath
وَالطُّورِ (By the Mount Tur,....52:1) The word Tur in Hebrew means a mountain that has trees [ as opposed to jabal a mountain that does not have trees { Trn.}]. Here Tur stands for mount Sinai which is situated in the land of Madyan where the Holy Prophet Musa (علیہ السلام) had the honour of Allah's speaking to him. Some reports narrate that there are four mountains of Paradise in this world, and one of them is Tur (Qurtubi). Swearing an oath by Tur carries a special significance and honour of the mount. It also signifies that certain injunctions have been revealed by Allah for people to follow. Compliance with them is obligatory.
وَالْبَيْتِ الْمَعْمُورِ (and by the Populated House [ AI-Bait-ul-Ma` mur ],...52:4) Al-Bait-ul-Ma` mur is the Ka'bah in the heaven meant for the angels' service and is parallel to the Ka'bah on earth. According to a Tradition in Sahihain that the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said about his Ascension to the seventh heaven: "Then, I was taken to Al-Bait-ul-Ma` mur. It is visited every day by seventy thousand angels who will not come back to visit it again" because every day other new angels take their turn to visit it. (Ibn Kathir)
Al-Bait-ul-Ma` mur is the Ka'bah of the angels who reside in the seventh heaven. When the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم reached the seventh heaven on the Night of Ascension, he saw Holy Prophet Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) reclining with his back on Al-Bait-ul-Ma` mur. It was Holy Prophet Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) who built the Ka'bah on earth, and thus the reward is compatible with his action in that Allah Ta' ala has blessed him with a special connection with Al-Bait-ul-Ma` mur (IbnKathir).
A Jewish person asked Sayyidna ` Ali ؓ 'where is the Hell?'. He replied 'the sea'. The Jew, who was the scholar of the previous scriptures, confirmed this. (Qurtubi) Sayyidna Qatadah ؓ and others interpreted the phrase to mean 'filled sea'. Ibn Jarir (رح) preferred this interpretation (Ibn Kathir). ' This is the interpretation adopted by Maulana Ashraf Thanawi (رح)
The Incident of Sayyidna ` Umar ؓ
Sayyidna ` Umar ؓ one day recited Surah Tur. When he came to these verses, he heaved a cool sigh after which he fell ill for about twenty days. During his illness the people would visit him, not knowing what caused his illness. (Ibn Kathir)
Sayyidna Jubair Ibn Mut'im ؓ says that before embracing Islam, he once went to the holy city of Madinah to negotiate regarding the prisoners of the battle of Badr. When he arrived there, the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم was reciting Surah Tur in Maghrib salah and his voice could be heard outside the mosque. When he recited verses [ 7] and [ 81: 'The punishment of your Lord is sure to fall. There is nothing to push it back,' He suddenly felt that his heart would burst through fear. He instantly embraced Islam. He felt at the time that he would not be able to move unless the torment would descend on him. (Qurtubi)
وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَاتَّبَعَتْهُمْ ذُرِّ‌يَّتُهُم بِإِيمَانٍ أَلْحَقْنَا بِهِمْ ذُرِّ‌يَّتَهُمْ (And those who believed and their children followed them in belief, We will join their children with them,... 52:21) Sayyidna Ibn 'Abbas ؓ reports from the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم who said:
"Verily, Allah elevates the ranks of the believers' children to the rank of their parents, even though the latter do not deserve the same rank as their parents deserve, so that the eyes of the parents are comforted." (Hakim, al-Baihaqi in his Sunan, al-Bazzar, Abu Nu'aim in al-Hilyah, ibn-Jarir and ibn-Abi Haim as quoted by Mazhari [ Tr.])
It is recorded in Tabarani that Said Ibn Jubair (رح) reports "Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ said, [ and I think he reports this from the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم :
"When a person enters Paradise, he will inquire about his parents, and wife and children [ as to where they are ]. He will be told that they have not attained your grade. [ Therefore, their place is elsewhere in Paradise ]. The person will say: '0 Lord! I had worked not only for myself, but for all of them.' Allah will command that they all be kept together with him in the same rank of Paradise." (Ibn Kathir)
Hafiz Ibn-Kathir, having quoted all these Traditions, says that it is certainly Allah's grace and favour that He grants the children this blessing because of the righteous deeds of their parents. He also grants His favour to parents on account of their children's praying Allah for them. Imam Ahmad (رح) has recorded that Sayyidna Abu Hurairah ؓ has reported the following statement of the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم .
"Verily, Allah shall elevate the grade of a righteous servant in Paradise, who will ask: '0 Lord! How did I earn this?' Allah will reply: 'Through your son's invoking Me to forgive you." (ibn-Kathir says that this Tradition has an authentic chain of transmitters, but was not recorded in Sahihain this way. However there is a corroborating narration (shahid) for it in Muslim on the authority of Abu Hurairah ؓ . [ Tr.])
وَمَا أَلَتْنَاهُم مِّنْ عَمَلِهِم مِّن شَيْءٍ (...and will not curtail (the reward of) any of their deeds at all...52:21) The past perfect verb alatna is the first person plural of alata which literally means to decrease, to reduce or to diminish (Qurtubi). The verse means that for upgrading the children of the believers who died in the state of true faith, no part of the reward of their parents will be diminished for them to make up for the children's deeds. In fact, this equalization will take place as a result of Allah's grace.
Allah's Fairness to Sinners
كُلُّ امْرِئٍ بِمَا كَسَبَ رَ‌هِينٌ (Every person will be pledged for what he earned.) After Allah mentioned His favour of elevating the children to the ranks of their parents, even though the deeds of the former did not qualify them, He affirmed His fairness in that, He does not punish anyone for the sins of others. Therefore, every person will be responsible for his actions. No sins committed by others shall ever be added to one's load, even if committed by his parents or children. (Ibn Kathir)