The Clear Quran
Quran Translation and Commentary by Dr Mustafa KhattabIntroduction
1. Al-Fatihah
2. Al-Baqarah
3. Al-Imran
4. Al-Nisa
5. Al-Maidah
6. Al-Anam
7. Al-Araf
8. Al-Anfal
9. Al-Taubah
10. Yunus
11. Hud
12. Yusuf
13. Al-Rad
14. Ibrahim
15. Al-Hijr
16. Al-Nahl
17. Bani Israil
18. Al-Kahf
19. Maryam
20. Ta-Ha
21. Al-Anbiya
22. Al-Hajj
23. Al-Muminun
24. An-Nur
25. Al-Furqan
26. Ash-Shuara
27. An-Naml
28. Al-Qasas
29. Al-Ankabut
30. Ar-Rum
31. Luqman
32. As-Sajdah
33. Al-Ahzab
34. Saba
35. Fatir
36. Yasin
37. As-Saffat
38. Saad
39. Az-Zumar
40. Al-Mumin
41. Ha-Meem-As-Sajdah
42. AShura
43. Az-Zukhruf
44. Ad-Dukhan
45. Al-Jathiyah
46. Al-Ahqaf
47. Muhammad
48. Al-Fath
49. Al-Hujurat
50. Al-Qaf
51. Adh-Dhariyat
52. At-Tur
53. An-Najm
54. Al-Qamar
55. Al-Rahman
56. Al-Waqiah
57. Al-Hadid
58. Al-Mujadalah
59. Al-Hashr
60. Al-Mumtahinah
61. As-Saff
62. Al-Jumuah
63. Al-Munafiqun
64. Al-Taghabun
65. At-Talaq
66. At-Tahrim
67. Al-Mulk
68. Al-Qalam
69. Al-Haqqah
70. Al-Maarij
71. Nuh
72. Al-Jinn
73. Al-Muzzammil
74. Al-Muddhththir
75. Al-Qiyamah
76. Ad-Dahr
77. Al-Mursalat
78. An-Naba
79. An-Naziat
80. Abas
81. At-Takwir
82. Al-Infitar
83. At-Tatfif
84. Al-Inshiqaq
85. Al-Buruj
86. At-Tariq
87. Al-Ala
88. Al-Ghashiyah
89. Al-Fajr
90. Al-Balad
91. Ash-Shams
92. Al-Lail
93. Ad-Duha
94. Al-Inshirah
95. At-Tin
96. Al-Alaq
97. Al-Qadr
98. Al-Bayyinah
99. Az-Zilzal
100. Al-Adiyat
101. Al-Qariah
102. At-Takathur
103. Al-Asr
104. Al-Humazah
105. Al-Fil
106. Al-Quraish
107. Al-Maun
108. Al-Kauthar
109. Al-Kafirun
110. An-Nasr
111. Al-Lahab
112. Al-Ikhlas
113. Al-Falaq
114. An-Nas
60. Al-Mumtahanah Page 549 60. Al-Mumtahanah بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ یٰۤاَیُّهَا O you الَّذِیْنَ who اٰمَنُوْا believe لَا (Do) not تَتَّخِذُوْا take عَدُوِّیْ My enemies وَ عَدُوَّكُمْ and your enemies اَوْلِیَآءَ (as) allies تُلْقُوْنَ offering اِلَیْهِمْ them بِالْمَوَدَّةِ love وَ قَدْ while كَفَرُوْا they have disbelieved بِمَا in what جَآءَكُمْ came to you مِّنَ of الْحَقِّ ۚ the truth یُخْرِجُوْنَ driving out الرَّسُوْلَ the Messenger وَ اِیَّاكُمْ and yourselves اَنْ because تُؤْمِنُوْا you believe بِاللّٰهِ in Allah رَبِّكُمْ ؕ your Lord اِنْ If كُنْتُمْ you خَرَجْتُمْ come forth جِهَادًا (to) strive فِیْ in سَبِیْلِیْ My way وَ ابْتِغَآءَ and (to) seek مَرْضَاتِیْ ۖۗ My Pleasure تُسِرُّوْنَ You confide اِلَیْهِمْ to them بِالْمَوَدَّةِ ۖۗ love وَ اَنَا but I Am اَعْلَمُ most knowing بِمَاۤ of what اَخْفَیْتُمْ you conceal وَ مَاۤ and what اَعْلَنْتُمْ ؕ you declare وَ مَنْ And whoever یَّفْعَلْهُ does it مِنْكُمْ among you فَقَدْ then certainly ضَلَّ he has strayed سَوَآءَ (from the) straight السَّبِیْلِ path اِنْ If یَّثْقَفُوْكُمْ they gain dominance over you یَكُوْنُوْا they would be لَكُمْ to you اَعْدَآءً enemies وَّ یَبْسُطُوْۤا and extend اِلَیْكُمْ against you اَیْدِیَهُمْ their hands وَ اَلْسِنَتَهُمْ and their tongues بِالسُّوْٓءِ with evil وَ وَدُّوْا and they desire لَوْ that تَكْفُرُوْنَؕ you would disbelieve لَنْ Never تَنْفَعَكُمْ will benefit you اَرْحَامُكُمْ your relatives وَ لَاۤ and not اَوْلَادُكُمْ ۛۚ your children یَوْمَ (on the) Day الْقِیٰمَةِ ۛۚ (of) the Resurrection یَفْصِلُ He will judge بَیْنَكُمْ ؕ between you وَ اللّٰهُ And Allah بِمَا of what تَعْمَلُوْنَ you do بَصِیْرٌ (is) All-Seer قَدْ Indeed كَانَتْ (there) is لَكُمْ for you اُسْوَةٌ an example حَسَنَةٌ good فِیْۤ in اِبْرٰهِیْمَ Ibrahim وَ الَّذِیْنَ and those مَعَهٗ ۚ with him اِذْ when قَالُوْا they said لِقَوْمِهِمْ to their people اِنَّا Indeed, we بُرَءٰٓؤُا (are) disassociated مِنْكُمْ from you وَ مِمَّا and from what تَعْبُدُوْنَ you worship مِنْ from دُوْنِ besides اللّٰهِ ؗ Allah كَفَرْنَا We have denied بِكُمْ you وَ بَدَا and has appeared بَیْنَنَا between us وَ بَیْنَكُمُ and between you الْعَدَاوَةُ enmity وَ الْبَغْضَآءُ and hatred اَبَدًا forever حَتّٰی until تُؤْمِنُوْا you believe بِاللّٰهِ in Allah وَحْدَهٗۤ Alone اِلَّا Except قَوْلَ (the) saying اِبْرٰهِیْمَ (of) Ibrahim لِاَبِیْهِ to his father لَاَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ Surely I ask forgiveness لَكَ for you وَ مَاۤ but not اَمْلِكُ I have power لَكَ for you مِنَ from اللّٰهِ Allah مِنْ of شَیْءٍ ؕ anything رَبَّنَا Our Lord عَلَیْكَ upon You تَوَكَّلْنَا we put our trust وَ اِلَیْكَ and to You اَنَبْنَا we turn وَ اِلَیْكَ and to You الْمَصِیْرُ (is) the final return رَبَّنَا Our Lord لَا (do) not تَجْعَلْنَا make us فِتْنَةً a trial لِّلَّذِیْنَ for those who كَفَرُوْا disbelieve وَ اغْفِرْ and forgive لَنَا us رَبَّنَا ۚ our Lord اِنَّكَ Indeed You اَنْتَ [You] الْعَزِیْزُ (are) the All-Mighty الْحَكِیْمُ the All-Wise 60. Al-Mumtahanah Page 550 لَقَدْ Certainly كَانَ (there) is لَكُمْ for you فِیْهِمْ in them اُسْوَةٌ an example حَسَنَةٌ good لِّمَنْ for (he) who كَانَ is یَرْجُوا hopeful اللّٰهَ (in) Allah وَ الْیَوْمَ and the Day الْاٰخِرَ ؕ the Last وَ مَنْ And whoever یَّتَوَلَّ turns away فَاِنَّ then indeed اللّٰهَ Allah هُوَ He الْغَنِیُّ (is) Free of need الْحَمِیْدُ۠ the Praiseworthy عَسَی Perhaps اللّٰهُ Allah اَنْ [that] یَّجْعَلَ will put بَیْنَكُمْ between you وَ بَیْنَ and between الَّذِیْنَ those (to) whom عَادَیْتُمْ you have been enemies مِّنْهُمْ among them مَّوَدَّةً ؕ love وَ اللّٰهُ And Allah قَدِیْرٌ ؕ (is) All-Powerful وَ اللّٰهُ And Allah غَفُوْرٌ (is) Oft-Forgiving رَّحِیْمٌ Most Merciful لَا Not یَنْهٰىكُمُ (does) forbid you اللّٰهُ Allah عَنِ from الَّذِیْنَ those who لَمْ (do) not یُقَاتِلُوْكُمْ fight you فِی in الدِّیْنِ the religion وَ لَمْ and (do) not یُخْرِجُوْكُمْ drive you out مِّنْ of دِیَارِكُمْ your homes اَنْ that تَبَرُّوْهُمْ you deal kindly وَ تُقْسِطُوْۤا and deal justly اِلَیْهِمْ ؕ with them اِنَّ Indeed اللّٰهَ Allah یُحِبُّ loves الْمُقْسِطِیْنَ those who act justly اِنَّمَا Only یَنْهٰىكُمُ forbids you اللّٰهُ Allah عَنِ from الَّذِیْنَ those who قٰتَلُوْكُمْ fight you فِی in الدِّیْنِ the religion وَ اَخْرَجُوْكُمْ and drive you out مِّنْ of دِیَارِكُمْ your homes وَ ظٰهَرُوْا and support عَلٰۤی in اِخْرَاجِكُمْ your expulsion اَنْ that تَوَلَّوْهُمْ ۚ you make them allies وَ مَنْ And whoever یَّتَوَلَّهُمْ makes them allies فَاُولٰٓىِٕكَ then those هُمُ [they] الظّٰلِمُوْنَ (are) the wrongdoers یٰۤاَیُّهَا O you الَّذِیْنَ who اٰمَنُوْۤا believe اِذَا When جَآءَكُمُ come to you الْمُؤْمِنٰتُ the believing women مُهٰجِرٰتٍ (as) emigrants فَامْتَحِنُوْهُنَّ ؕ then examine them اَللّٰهُ Allah اَعْلَمُ (is) most knowing بِاِیْمَانِهِنَّ ۚ of their faith فَاِنْ And if عَلِمْتُمُوْهُنَّ you know them مُؤْمِنٰتٍ (to be) believers فَلَا then (do) not تَرْجِعُوْهُنَّ return them اِلَی to الْكُفَّارِ ؕ the disbelievers لَا Not هُنَّ they حِلٌّ (are) lawful لَّهُمْ for them وَ لَا and not هُمْ they یَحِلُّوْنَ are lawful لَهُنَّ ؕ for them وَ اٰتُوْهُمْ But give them مَّاۤ what اَنْفَقُوْا ؕ they have spent وَ لَا And not جُنَاحَ any blame عَلَیْكُمْ upon you اَنْ if تَنْكِحُوْهُنَّ you marry them اِذَاۤ when اٰتَیْتُمُوْهُنَّ you have given them اُجُوْرَهُنَّ ؕ their (bridal) dues وَ لَا And (do) not تُمْسِكُوْا hold بِعِصَمِ to marriage bonds الْكَوَافِرِ (with) disbelieving women وَ سْـَٔلُوْا but ask (for) مَاۤ what اَنْفَقْتُمْ you have spent وَ لْیَسْـَٔلُوْا and let them ask مَاۤ what اَنْفَقُوْا ؕ they have spent ذٰلِكُمْ That حُكْمُ (is the) Judgment اللّٰهِ ؕ (of) Allah یَحْكُمُ He judges بَیْنَكُمْ ؕ between you وَ اللّٰهُ And Allah عَلِیْمٌ (is) All-Knowing حَكِیْمٌ All-Wise وَ اِنْ And if فَاتَكُمْ have gone from you شَیْءٌ any مِّنْ of اَزْوَاجِكُمْ your wives اِلَی to الْكُفَّارِ the disbelievers فَعَاقَبْتُمْ then your turn comes فَاٰتُوا then give الَّذِیْنَ (to) those who ذَهَبَتْ have gone اَزْوَاجُهُمْ their wives مِّثْلَ (the) like مَاۤ (of) what اَنْفَقُوْا ؕ they had spent وَ اتَّقُوا And fear اللّٰهَ Allah الَّذِیْۤ (in) Whom اَنْتُمْ you بِهٖ [in Him] مُؤْمِنُوْنَ (are) believers 60. Al-Mumtahanah Page 551 یٰۤاَیُّهَا O النَّبِیُّ Prophet اِذَا When جَآءَكَ come to you الْمُؤْمِنٰتُ the believing women یُبَایِعْنَكَ pledging to you عَلٰۤی [on] اَنْ that لَّا not یُشْرِكْنَ they will associate بِاللّٰهِ with Allah شَیْـًٔا anything وَّ لَا and not یَسْرِقْنَ they will steal وَ لَا and not یَزْنِیْنَ they will commit adultery وَ لَا and not یَقْتُلْنَ they will kill اَوْلَادَهُنَّ their children وَ لَا and not یَاْتِیْنَ they bring بِبُهْتَانٍ slander یَّفْتَرِیْنَهٗ they invent it بَیْنَ between اَیْدِیْهِنَّ their hands وَ اَرْجُلِهِنَّ and their feet وَ لَا and not یَعْصِیْنَكَ they will disobey you فِیْ in مَعْرُوْفٍ (the) right فَبَایِعْهُنَّ then accept their pledge وَ اسْتَغْفِرْ and ask forgiveness لَهُنَّ for them اللّٰهَ ؕ (from) Allah اِنَّ Indeed اللّٰهَ Allah غَفُوْرٌ (is) Oft-Forgiving رَّحِیْمٌ Most Merciful یٰۤاَیُّهَا O you الَّذِیْنَ who اٰمَنُوْا believe لَا (Do) not تَتَوَلَّوْا make allies قَوْمًا (of) a people غَضِبَ (The) wrath اللّٰهُ (of) Allah عَلَیْهِمْ (is) upon them قَدْ Indeed یَىِٕسُوْا they despair مِنَ of الْاٰخِرَةِ the Hereafter كَمَا as یَىِٕسَ despair الْكُفَّارُ the disbelievers مِنْ of اَصْحٰبِ (the) companions الْقُبُوْرِ۠ (of) the graves
This Medinian sûrah was revealed prior to the Prophet's conquest of Mecca following the pagans' violation of the peace treaty they had signed with the Muslims at Ḥudaibiyah. Despite the Prophet's orders to keep this plan secret, a companion by the name of Ḥâṭib ibn Abi Balta'ah sent a warning letter to the Meccans, hoping that in turn they would protect his family-who were still in Mecca-in case the Muslims failed to enter the city. Soon the Prophet ( ﷺ ) received a revelation about what Ḥâṭib did. The letter was intercepted, and Ḥâṭib was later forgiven. Mecca surrendered peacefully to the Muslims, and its residents were pardoned by the Prophet ( ﷺ ) . Muslims are instructed to be loyal to Allah and fellow believers, following the example of Prophet Abraham ( ﷺ ) (verses 4-6). The believers are not forbidden from courtesy to non-Muslims as long as they are not persecuting Muslims (verses 8-9). This sûrah takes its name from testing the faith of women fleeing Mecca by asking them, for example, if they have emigrated for Islam or only to be separated from their pagan husbands (verse 10). Other instructions to the believers are given at the end of this sûrah and the beginning of the next sûrah.
1. O believers! Do not take My enemies and yours as trusted allies, showing them affection even though they deny what has come to you of the truth. They drove the Messenger and yourselves out ˹of Mecca˺, simply for your belief in Allah, your Lord. If you ˹truly˺ emigrated 1191 to struggle in My cause and seek My pleasure, ˹then do not take them as allies,˺ disclosing secrets ˹of the believers˺ to the pagans out of affection for them, when I know best whatever you conceal and whatever you reveal. And whoever of you does this has truly strayed from the Right Way.
2. If they gain the upper hand over you, they would be your ˹open˺ enemies, unleashing their hands and tongues to harm you, and wishing that you would abandon faith.
3. Neither your relatives nor children will benefit you on Judgment Day -He will decide between you ˹all˺. For Allah is All-Seeing of what you do.
4. You already have an excellent example in Abraham and those with him, when they said to their people, "We totally dissociate ourselves from you and ˹shun˺ whatever ˹idols˺ you worship besides Allah. We reject you. The enmity and hatred that has arisen between us and you will last until you believe in Allah alone." The only exception is when Abraham said to his father, "I will seek forgiveness for you,˹" adding, "but˺ I cannot protect you from Allah at all." ˹The believers prayed,˺ "Our Lord! In You we trust. And to You we ˹always˺ turn. And to You is the final return.
5. Our Lord! Do not subject us to the persecution of the disbelievers. Forgive us, our Lord! You ˹alone˺ are truly the Almighty, All-Wise."
6. You certainly have an excellent example in them for whoever has hope in Allah and the Last Day. But whoever turns away, then surely Allah ˹alone˺ is the Self-Sufficient, Praiseworthy.
7. ˹In time,˺ Allah may bring about goodwill between you and those of them you ˹now˺ hold as enemies. For Allah is Most Capable. And Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
8. Allah does not forbid you from dealing kindly and fairly with those who have neither fought nor driven you out of your homes. Surely
9. Allah only forbids you from befriending those who have fought you for ˹your˺ faith, driven you out of your homes, or supported ˹others˺ in doing so. And whoever takes them as friends, then it is they who are the ˹true˺ wrongdoers.
10. O believers! When the believing women come to you as emigrants, 1192 test their intentions-their faith is best known to Allah -and if you find them to be believers, then do not send them back to the disbelievers. These ˹women˺ are not lawful ˹wives˺ for the disbelievers, nor are the disbelievers lawful ˹husbands˺ for them. ˹But˺ repay the disbelievers whatever ˹dowries˺ they had paid. And there is no blame on you if you marry these ˹women˺ as long as you pay them their dowries. And do not hold on to marriage with polytheistic women. 1193 ˹But˺ demand ˹repayment of˺ whatever ˹dowries˺ you had paid, and let the disbelievers do the same. That is the judgment of Allah-He judges between you. And Allah is All- Knowing, All-Wise.
11. And if any of your wives desert you to the disbelievers, and later you take spoils from them, then pay those whose wives have gone, the equivalent of whatever ˹dowry˺ they had paid. And be mindful of Allah, in Whom you believe.
12. O Prophet! When the believing women come to you, pledging to you that they will neither associate anything with Allah ˹in worship˺, nor steal, nor fornicate, nor kill their children, nor falsely attribute ˹illegitimate˺ children to their husbands, 1194 nor disobey you in what is right, then accept their pledge, and ask Allah to forgive them. Surely Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
13. O believers! Do not ally yourselves with a people Allah is displeased with. They already have no hope for the Hereafter, just like the disbelievers lying in ˹their˺ graves.
1191. lit., come out ˹of Mecca˺.
1192. According to the Treaty of Ḥudaibiyah ( see footnote for 48:1-3), Muslims who chose to move to Mecca would not be returned to Muslims in Medina, and Meccan pagans who accepted Islam and chose to move to Medina would be returned to Mecca (except for women).
1193. Those who moved to Mecca to marry pagans.
1194. lit., nor come up with a falsehood they have forged between their own hands and legs.