Surah 9. At-Tawbah

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Verses [Section]: 1-10[1], 11-16 [2], 17-24 [3], 25-29 [4], 30-37 [5], 38-42 [6], 43-59 [7], 60-66 [8], 67-72 [9], 73-80 [10], 81-89 [11], 90-99 [12], 100-110 [13], 111-118 [14], 119-122 [15], 123-129 [16]

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Quran Text of Verse 25-29لَقَدْVerilyنَصَرَكُمُAllah helped youاللّٰهُAllah helped youفِیْinمَوَاطِنَregionsكَثِیْرَةٍ ۙmanyوَّ یَوْمَand (on the) dayحُنَیْنٍ ۙ(of) Hunainاِذْwhenاَعْجَبَتْكُمْpleased youكَثْرَتُكُمْyour multitudeفَلَمْbut notتُغْنِavailedعَنْكُمْyouشَیْـًٔاanythingوَّ ضَاقَتْand (was) straitenedعَلَیْكُمُfor youالْاَرْضُthe earthبِمَا(in spite) of its vastnessرَحُبَتْ(in spite) of its vastnessثُمَّthenوَلَّیْتُمْyou turned backمُّدْبِرِیْنَۚfleeing ثُمَّThenاَنْزَلَAllah sent downاللّٰهُAllah sent downسَكِیْنَتَهٗHis tranquilityعَلٰیonرَسُوْلِهٖHis Messengerوَ عَلَیand onالْمُؤْمِنِیْنَthe believersوَ اَنْزَلَand sent downجُنُوْدًاforcesلَّمْwhich you did not seeتَرَوْهَاwhich you did not seeوَ عَذَّبَand He punishedالَّذِیْنَthose whoكَفَرُوْا ؕdisbelievedوَ ذٰلِكَAnd thatجَزَآءُ(is) the recompenseالْكٰفِرِیْنَ (of) the disbelievers 9. At-Tawbah Page 191ثُمَّThenیَتُوْبُaccepts repentanceاللّٰهُAllahمِنْۢafterبَعْدِafterذٰلِكَthatعَلٰیforمَنْwhomیَّشَآءُ ؕHe willsوَ اللّٰهُAnd Allahغَفُوْرٌ(is) Oft-Forgivingرَّحِیْمٌ Most Merciful یٰۤاَیُّهَاO you who believeالَّذِیْنَO you who believeاٰمَنُوْۤاO you who believeاِنَّمَاIndeedالْمُشْرِكُوْنَthe polytheistsنَجَسٌ(are) uncleanفَلَاso let them not come nearیَقْرَبُواso let them not come nearالْمَسْجِدَAl-Masjid Al-HaraamالْحَرَامَAl-Masjid Al-Haraamبَعْدَafterعَامِهِمْthis, their (final) yearهٰذَا ۚthis, their (final) yearوَ اِنْAnd ifخِفْتُمْyou fearعَیْلَةًpovertyفَسَوْفَthen soonیُغْنِیْكُمُAllah will enrich youاللّٰهُAllah will enrich youمِنْfromفَضْلِهٖۤHis Bountyاِنْifشَآءَ ؕHe willsاِنَّIndeedاللّٰهَAllahعَلِیْمٌ(is) All-Knowerحَكِیْمٌ All-Wise قَاتِلُواFightالَّذِیْنَthose whoلَا(do) notیُؤْمِنُوْنَbelieveبِاللّٰهِin Allahوَ لَاand notبِالْیَوْمِin the Dayالْاٰخِرِthe Lastوَ لَاand notیُحَرِّمُوْنَthey make unlawfulمَاwhatحَرَّمَhas made unlawfulاللّٰهُAllahوَ رَسُوْلُهٗand His Messengerوَ لَاand notیَدِیْنُوْنَthey acknowledgeدِیْنَ(the) religionالْحَقِّ(of) the truthمِنَfromالَّذِیْنَthose whoاُوْتُواwere givenالْكِتٰبَthe Scriptureحَتّٰیuntilیُعْطُواthey payالْجِزْیَةَthe jizyahعَنْwillinglyیَّدٍwillinglyوَّ هُمْwhile theyصٰغِرُوْنَ۠(are) subdued

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Translation of Verse 25-29

25. Indeed Allah has given you ˹believers˺ victory on many battlefields, even at the Battle of Ḥunain ³⁵⁴ when you took pride in your great numbers, but they proved of no advantage to you. The earth, despite its vastness, seemed to close in on you, then you turned back in retreat.

26. Then Allah sent down His reassurance ³⁵⁵ upon His Messenger and the believers, and sent down forces ³⁵⁶ you could not see, and punished those who disbelieved. Such was the reward of the disbelievers.

27. Then afterwards Allah will turn in grace to whoever He wills. ³⁵⁷ And Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

28. O believers! Indeed, the polytheists are ˹spiritually˺ impure, ³⁵⁸ so they should not approach the Sacred Mosque after this year. ³⁵⁹ If you fear poverty, Allah will enrich you out of His bounty, if He wills. Surely, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.

29. Fight those who do not believe in Allah and the Last Day, nor comply with what Allah and His Messenger have forbidden, nor embrace the religion of truth from among those who were given the Scripture, ³⁶⁰ until they pay the tax, ³⁶¹ willingly submitting, fully humbled.

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Commentary

354. After the Muslims' victory in Mecca in 8 A.H/630 C.E., almost all Arab tribes pledged allegiance to the Prophet ( ﷺ ) except some tribes such as Hawâzin and Thaqîf. Both tribes decided to attack the Muslims, so the Prophet ( ﷺ ) led an army of 12 000 soldiers to attack the two tribes. Since that was the largest Muslim army ever mobilized, some Muslims expressed their conviction that such an army could not be defeated. However, on the way to battle, the Muslim army was ambushed and most soldiers fled, except for the Prophet ( ﷺ ) and a few loyalists. Eventually, the Muslims were re- organized and won a decisive battle.

355. lit., tranquility.

356. i.e., angels.

357. i.e., Allah will accept those who embrace Islam. Almost all of Arabia became Muslim before the death of Prophet Muḥammad ( ﷺ ) in 11 A.H./632 C.E.

358. i.e., impure spiritually because of idolatry, not physically.

359. The 9 th year of the Prophet's migration from Mecca to Medina.

360. To fully understand this verse we need to bear in mind that Quranic verses are of two types. General verses talk about belief in Allah, good manners, and acts of worship. Specific verses, such as this verse, were revealed in regards to particular situations. This sûrah came at a time when the pagans of Arabia (and their allies) repeatedly violated treaties they had signed with the Prophet ( ﷺ ) . Muslims had to fight for the survival of their newly established state in Medina. So this verse discusses dealing with those who violated their agreements and attacked the Muslims. Offenders were fought, unless they stopped their aggression. If they chose not to accept Islam, they were obligated to pay Jizya - tax.

361. Taxation systems have existed since ancient times. There are several references in the Old Testament (e.g., Ezra 4:20). In the New Testament, Jesus allows paying taxes to Caesar (Luke 20:25). Under Islamic rule, all individuals had financial obligations -Muslims paid zakâh (2.5% of their savings) and non-Muslims ( ⱬimmîs ) were required to pay jizyah (tax for protection from foreign enemies). The jizyah was an average of one dinar (4.25 g of gold) annually. Women, children, the elderly, the clergy, the poor, and those who were unable to work were exempt. Those who opted to join the army were also exempt. Poor ⱬimmîs were supported financially by the state. Muslim rulers refunded the jizyah if they failed to protect their non-Muslim subjects.