Surah 2. Al-Baqarah

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Verses [Section]: 1-7[1], 8-20 [2], 21-29 [3], 30-39 [4], 40-46 [5], 47-59 [6], 60-61 [7], 62-71 [8], 72-82 [9], 83-86 [10], 87-96 [11], 97-103 [12], 104-112 [13], 113-121 [14], 122-129 [15], 130-141 [16], 142-147 [17], 148-151 [18], 152-163 [19], 164-167 [20], 168-176 [21], 177-182 [22], 183-188 [23], 189-196 [24], 197-210 [25], 211-216 [26], 217-221 [27], 222-228 [28], 229-231 [29], 232-235 [30], 236-242 [31], 243-248 [32], 249-253 [33], 254-257 [34], 258-260 [35], 261-266 [36], 267-273 [37], 274-281 [38], 282-283 [39], 284-286 [40]

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Quran Text of Verse 189-196یَسْـَٔلُوْنَكَThey ask youعَنِaboutالْاَهِلَّةِ ؕthe new moonsقُلْSayهِیَTheyمَوَاقِیْتُ(are) indicators of periodsلِلنَّاسِfor the peopleوَ الْحَجِّ ؕand (for) the Hajjوَ لَیْسَAnd it is notالْبِرُّ[the] righteousnessبِاَنْthatتَاْتُواyou comeالْبُیُوْتَ(to) the housesمِنْfromظُهُوْرِهَاtheir backsوَ لٰكِنَّ[and] butالْبِرَّ[the] righteousمَنِ(is one) whoاتَّقٰی ۚfears (Allah)وَ اْتُواAnd comeالْبُیُوْتَ(to) the housesمِنْfromاَبْوَابِهَا ۪their doorsوَ اتَّقُواAnd fearاللّٰهَAllahلَعَلَّكُمْso that you mayتُفْلِحُوْنَ (be) successful وَ قَاتِلُوْاAnd fightفِیْinسَبِیْلِ(the) wayاللّٰهِ(of) Allahالَّذِیْنَthose whoیُقَاتِلُوْنَكُمْfight youوَ لَاand (do) notتَعْتَدُوْا ؕtransgressاِنَّIndeedاللّٰهَAllahلَا(does) notیُحِبُّlikeالْمُعْتَدِیْنَ  the transgressors 2. Al-Baqarah Page 30وَ اقْتُلُوْهُمْAnd kill themحَیْثُwhereverثَقِفْتُمُوْهُمْyou find themوَ اَخْرِجُوْهُمْand drive them outمِّنْfromحَیْثُwhereverاَخْرَجُوْكُمْthey drove you outوَ الْفِتْنَةُand [the] oppressionاَشَدُّ(is) worseمِنَthanالْقَتْلِ ۚ[the] killingوَ لَاAnd (do) notتُقٰتِلُوْهُمْfight themعِنْدَnearالْمَسْجِدِAl-MasjidالْحَرَامِAl-Haraamحَتّٰیuntilیُقٰتِلُوْكُمْthey fight youفِیْهِ ۚin itفَاِنْThen ifقٰتَلُوْكُمْthey fight youفَاقْتُلُوْهُمْ ؕthen kill themكَذٰلِكَSuchجَزَآءُ(is the) rewardالْكٰفِرِیْنَ (of) the disbelievers فَاِنِThen ifانْتَهَوْاthey ceaseفَاِنَّthen indeedاللّٰهَAllahغَفُوْرٌ(is) Oft-Forgivingرَّحِیْمٌ Most Merciful وَ قٰتِلُوْهُمْAnd fight (against) themحَتّٰیuntilلَاnotتَكُوْنَ(there) isفِتْنَةٌoppressionوَّ یَكُوْنَand becomesالدِّیْنُthe religionلِلّٰهِ ؕfor AllahفَاِنِThen ifانْتَهَوْاthey ceaseفَلَاthen (let there be) noعُدْوَانَhostilityاِلَّاexceptعَلَیagainstالظّٰلِمِیْنَ the oppressors اَلشَّهْرُThe monthالْحَرَامُ[the] sacredبِالشَّهْرِ(is) for the monthالْحَرَامِ[the] sacredوَ الْحُرُمٰتُand for all the violationsقِصَاصٌ ؕ(is) legal retributionفَمَنِThen whoeverاعْتَدٰیtransgressedعَلَیْكُمْupon youفَاعْتَدُوْاthen you transgressعَلَیْهِon himبِمِثْلِin (the) same mannerمَا(as)اعْتَدٰیhe transgressedعَلَیْكُمْ ۪upon youوَ اتَّقُواAnd fearاللّٰهَAllahوَ اعْلَمُوْۤاand knowاَنَّthatاللّٰهَAllahمَعَ(is) withالْمُتَّقِیْنَ those who fear (Him) وَ اَنْفِقُوْاAnd spendفِیْinسَبِیْلِ(the) wayاللّٰهِ(of) Allahوَ لَاand (do) notتُلْقُوْاthrow (yourselves)بِاَیْدِیْكُمْ[with your hands]اِلَیintoالتَّهْلُكَةِ ۛۖۚ[the] destructionوَ اَحْسِنُوْا ۛۚAnd do goodاِنَّindeedاللّٰهَAllahیُحِبُّlovesالْمُحْسِنِیْنَ the good-doers وَ اَتِمُّواAnd completeالْحَجَّthe Hajjوَ الْعُمْرَةَand the Umrahلِلّٰهِ ؕfor AllahفَاِنْAnd ifاُحْصِرْتُمْyou are held backفَمَاthen (offer) whateverاسْتَیْسَرَ(can be) obtained with easeمِنَofالْهَدْیِ ۚthe sacrificial animalوَ لَاAnd (do) notتَحْلِقُوْاshaveرُءُوْسَكُمْyour headsحَتّٰیuntilیَبْلُغَreachesالْهَدْیُthe sacrificial animalمَحِلَّهٗ ؕ(to) its destinationفَمَنْThen whoeverكَانَisمِنْكُمْamong youمَّرِیْضًاillاَوْorبِهٖۤhe (has)اَذًیan ailmentمِّنْofرَّاْسِهٖhis headفَفِدْیَةٌthen a ransomمِّنْofصِیَامٍfastingاَوْorصَدَقَةٍcharityاَوْorنُسُكٍ ۚsacrificeفَاِذَاۤThen whenاَمِنْتُمْ ۥyou are secureفَمَنْthen whoeverتَمَتَّعَtook advantageبِالْعُمْرَةِof the Umrahاِلَیfollowedالْحَجِّ(by) the Hajjفَمَاthen (offer) whateverاسْتَیْسَرَ(can be) obtained with easeمِنَofالْهَدْیِ ۚthe sacrificial animalفَمَنْBut whoeverلَّمْ(can) notیَجِدْfindفَصِیَامُthen a fastثَلٰثَةِ(of) threeاَیَّامٍdaysفِیduringالْحَجِّthe Hajjوَ سَبْعَةٍand seven (days)اِذَاwhenرَجَعْتُمْ ؕyou returnتِلْكَThisعَشَرَةٌ(is) ten (days)كَامِلَةٌ ؕin allذٰلِكَThatلِمَنْ(is) for (the one) whoseلَّمْnotیَكُنْisاَهْلُهٗhis familyحَاضِرِیpresentالْمَسْجِدِ(near) Al-Masjidالْحَرَامِ ؕAl-Haraamوَ اتَّقُواAnd fearاللّٰهَAllahوَ اعْلَمُوْۤاand knowاَنَّthatاللّٰهَAllahشَدِیْدُ(is) severeالْعِقَابِ۠(in) retribution

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Translation of Verse 189-196

189. They ask you ˹O Prophet˺ about the phases of the moon. Say, "They are a means for people to determine time and pilgrimage." Righteousness is not in entering your houses from the back doors. ⁶⁷ Rather, righteousness is to be mindful ˹of Allah˺. So enter your homes through their ˹proper˺ doors, and be mindful of Allah so you may be successful.

190. Fight in the cause of Allah ˹only˺ against those who wage war against you, but do not exceed the limits. ⁶⁸ Surely Allah does not like transgressors.

191. Kill them wherever you come upon them ⁶⁹ and drive them out of the places from which they have driven you out. For persecution ⁷⁰ is far worse than killing. And do not fight them at the Sacred Mosque unless they attack you there. If they do so, then fight them-that is the reward of the disbelievers.

192. But if they cease, then surely Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

193. Fight against them ˹if they persecute you˺ until there is no more persecution, and ˹your˺ devotion will be to Allah ˹alone˺. If they stop ˹persecuting you˺, let there be no hostility except against the aggressors.

194. ˹There will be retaliation in˺ a sacred month for ˹an offence in˺ a sacred month, ⁷¹ and all violations will bring about retaliation. So, if anyone attacks you, retaliate in the same manner. ˹But˺ be mindful of Allah, and know that Allah is with those mindful ˹of Him˺.

195. Spend in the cause of Allah and do not let your own hands throw you into destruction ˹by withholding˺. And do good, for Allah certainly loves the good-doers.

196. Complete the pilgrimage and minor pilgrimage for Allah. ⁷² But if prevented ˹from proceeding˺, then ˹offer˺ whatever sacrificial animals you can afford. And do not shave your heads until the sacrificial animal reaches its destination. But if any of you is ill or has a scalp ailment ˹requiring shaving˺, then compensate either by fasting, charity, or a sacrificial offering. In times of peace, you may combine the pilgrimage and minor pilgrimage then make the sacrificial offering you can afford. Whoever cannot afford that ˹offering˺, let them fast three days during pilgrimage and seven after returning ˹home˺-completing ten. These offerings are for those who do not live near the Sacred House. And be mindful of Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.

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Commentary

67. Before Islam, there was a superstitious practice for pilgrims to enter their homes through the back door upon returning from the pilgrimage. The verse suggests that being devoted to Allah wholeheartedly is more important than blindly following old traditions.

68. "Do not exceed the limits" refers to Islamic warfare guidelines set by the Prophet. In an authentic saying collected by Abu Dawûd, he ( ﷺ ) is reported to have instructed the Muslim army, "Depart in the Name of Allah and with His help-following the way of the Messenger of Allah. Do not kill an old man, a child, or a woman. Do not mutilate dead bodies of the enemy. Be gracious and courteous, for Allah loves those who act with grace." The Prophet ( ﷺ ) also says, "Do not wish to meet your enemy in battle but always pray for well-being. If fighting is a must, then be steadfast."

69. This is probably the most misquoted verse from the Quran. To properly understand the verse, we need to put it into context. Misquoting verses and taking them out of context can be applied to any scripture. For example, in the Bible, Jesus says, "Do not think that I came to bring peace on earth. I did not come to bring peace but a sword!" (Matthew 10:34). He also says, "But as for these enemies of mine who did not want me to be their king-bring them here and slaughter them in my presence!" (Luke 19:27). And Moses says, "The Lord is a man of war, the Lord is his name." (Exodus 15:3). For more details, see the Introduction.

70. Persecuting Muslims to abandon their faith.

71. The sacred months are the 1 st , 7 th , 11 th , and 12 th months of the Islamic calendar.

72. Ḥajj , the pilgrimage to Mecca, is required at least once in a Muslim's lifetime if they are physically and financially able to. ' Umrah , which is a short version of ḥajj , is recommended, but not obligatory.